1,721,232 research outputs found
Assessment of carotid system
No full textUltrasound assessment of carotid system, using grayscale imaging, Doppler spectral analysis, and colour Doppler imaging, constitutes an important element of the diagnostic workup, especially in cerebrovascular disease patients. The evaluation of the Carotid system allows a complete and accurate description of the common carotid artery, internal and external carotid artery, site of the bifurcation, presence of atheromatous plaques, measurement of intima‐media thickness and other vessel wall diseases. Transverse and Longitudinal B‐mode imaging scanning provide valuable information about the anatomy of the arterial wall, plaques, arterial patency and the site of the carotid bifurcation. Color mode might help the detection, in some cases, of hypoechoic plaques or fresh blood clots. The analysis of blood flow velocity and direction provides useful hemodynamic information, necessary for an exhaustive assessment of the vessels. The evidence obtained from cerebrovascular ultrasonography is useful for diagnostic as well as prognostic purposes. Although atherosclerosis is the most common disease and object of ultrasound evaluation, other non‐atherosclerotic diseases are of great interest. Arterial wall dissection and its evolution over time; inflammatory arteritis involving neck arteries; identification of a glomus tumor, an arteriovenous fistula or a pseudoaneurysm. Usefulness of ultrasound in acute stroke patients as well as in intensive care unit is mainly due to its use at bedside, non‐invasiveness and repeatability. Furthermore, ultrasound assessment of carotid system can be used to monitor the effect of surgical or endovascular recanalization procedures and to support in decision making for various therapeutic interventions
The role of chronic infection and inflammation in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease
No full textMolecular and cellular immune activities have a fundamental role in all stages of the atherosclerotic process and in the pathogenesis of cerebrovascular and cardiovascular diseases. Recent studies have demonstrated how chronic infections can support a local and systemic chronic inflammation, leading to the atherosclerotic process. The pathogenic link between infection and cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease is not completely defined. Some therapeutic strategies, able to influence the persistence of the infections or to modify the inflammatory process, could be useful in primary and secondary vascular disease prevention and in modifying the acute event outcome. (C) 2005 Prous Science. All rights reserved
Criticità prestazionali dei collegamenti stradali sui versanti in frana delle Dolomiti Lucane
No full textIl progetto PON-FESR MITIGO si è posto l’obiettivo di individuare soluzioni di mitigazione dei rischi idrogeologico e sismico per i collegamenti viari e per le strutture strategiche delle aree mon-tane del Mezzogiorno interessate da calamità naturali, carenza di servizi, difficoltà di mobilità e fenomeni di spopolamento. In tale ambito, la rete viaria delle Dolomiti Lucane ha rappresentato un interessante caso di studio. Essa si sviluppa con standard infrastrutturali molto modesti, trac-ciati plano-altimetrici lunghi, tortuosi e a forte pendenza su versanti in frana, causando difficoltà di mobilità e alto rischio di isolamento. Con l’obiettivo di proporre soluzioni che possano contri-buire a fermare il processo di spopolamento in atto nei Comuni di Pietrapertosa e Castelmezzano in provincia di Potenza, sono stati avviati studi finalizzati a cercare nuove soluzioni di collega-mento dei due centri abitati fra di loro e con la viabilità principale ossia la S.S. 407-Basentana. La presente memoria riporta la parte di studio in cui si è cercato di contemperare il rispetto degli standard prestazionali minimi per le infrastrutture stradali con l’esigenza di non aggravare le con-dizioni di stabilità dei versanti di argilla già interessati da numerose frane attive
Vascular contribution to Alzheimer disease: predictors of rapid progression
No full textDifferent courses of Alzheimer disease are observed in clinical practice. The rapidly progressive form could be associated with the presence of a major microcirculatory involvement and hemodynamic insufficiency. This short review aims to provide an overview of the current knowledge of cerebrovascular contribution to Alzheimer disease presentation and progression, hypothesizing the possible vascular markers of rapidly progressive form
Hemodynamic changes in Alzheimer's disease: A leading role behind the courtain? Commentary on "CSF Aβ1-42 combined with neuroimaging biomarkers in the early detection, diagnosis and prediction of Alzheimer's disease" by Lista et al
No full text
Inter-hemispheric asymmetry of cerebral flow velocities during generalized spike-wave discharges.
No full textThe aim of this study was to verify the symmetry of cerebral blood flow changes
during the generalized spike-wave discharges of typical absence seizures. A
recording of mean flow velocity in the left and right middle cerebral arteries
and of electroencephalographic activity was performed simultaneously in two
subjects with multiple daily absence seizures. A total of 12 generalized
spike-wave discharges were recorded. Mean flow velocities showed a significant
increase during the discharges with respect to baseline. The increase of flow
velocity started simultaneously or a few seconds before the discharges. In 91.6 %
of all recordings, the percentage increase of mean flow velocity was
significantly higher in the left than in the right side (7.03 % +/- 3.3 vs 5.14 %
+/- 3.3; p < 0.1). The extent of the following decrease of flow velocity was also
significantly greater in the left than in the right side (-16.91 % +/- 8.1 vs
-14.07 % +/- 8.3; p < 0.01). These findings show an inter-hemispheric asymmetry
in cerebral blood flow during generalized spike-wave discharges in two patients
with absence seizures. Transcranial Doppler ultrasonography promises to be an
interesting approach to detect rapid changes in cerebral hemispheric activity not
otherwise recognizable
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