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    Spontaneous Peierls dimerization and emergent bond order in one-dimensional dipolar gases

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    We investigate the effect of dipolar interactions in one-dimensional systems in connection with the possibility of observing exotic many-body effects with trapped atomic and molecular dipolar gases. By combining analytical and numerical methods, we show how the competition between short- and long-range interactions gives rise to frustrating effects which lead to the stabilization of spontaneously dimerized phases characterized by a bond ordering. This genuine quantum order is sharply distinguished from Mott and spin-density-wave phases, and can be unambiguously probed by measuring nonlocal order parameters via in situ imaging techniques

    Antioxidant, immunomodulatory, and anti-inflammatory effects of Spirulina in disease conditions: a systematic review

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    The goal of this review was to critically evaluate the research on the effects of Spirulina (SP) supplementation on pathological conditions in the general population, considering its antioxidant, immunomodulatory, and anti-inflammatory properties. On a total of 1621 records screened, eighteen studies published between 2001 and 2020 met the inclusion criteria. Despite variability in research methodology and patient conditions, the findings of these studies generally support the benefits of supplementing diet with SP in subjects with both transmittable and non-transmittable diseases. Improvements were found for all the conditions studied, with the only exception of male infertility. However, the number of clinically controlled trials examining the effects of SP on specific health conditions is still very low, and some studies show medium quality. Further research in this field is needed to confirm the possible clinical role of Spirulina supplementation in parallel with medical therapies

    Contamination of Hotel Water Distribution Systems by Legionella Species: Environmental Surveillance in Campania Region, South Italy

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    The COVID-19 pandemic period was marked by the absence or reduced circulation of some infectious diseases. Legionellosis may have been affected by the prevention measures adopted to counter COVID-19. Legionellosis is a form of pneumonia interstitial that is normally transmitted via aerosol-containing bacteria (genus Legionella), that could be present in contaminated water sources and is often associated with travel and with staying in hotels. In this work, the data of the environmental surveys carried out by ARPA Campania in accommodation facilities since 2019 were analyzed for a better understanding of the dispersion patterns of L. pneumophila associated with the environment and to evaluate the variation of the data during the pandemic period. The aim was to provide a better understanding of Legionella at different geographic scales and to define a predictive epidemiological method. Results: In 2019, the Legionella genus contaminated 37.7% of all tourist facilities evaluated. In 2020, the Legionella genus contaminated 44.4% of all tourist facilities evaluated. In 2021, the Legionella genus contaminated 54.2% of all tourist facilities evaluated. Conclusions: Legionella pneumophila was the most prevalent species in our community, serogroup 1 was the most frequently isolated and the most implicated risk factor of contamination was the temperature of water in circulation

    Selective clamping during laparoscopic partial nefrectomy: The use of near infrared fluorescence guidance

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    BACKGROUND: Near infrared fluorescence (NIRF) is being investigated as a helpful tool to enhance segmental arterial clamping in robotics. Available experiences with NIRF during standard laparoscopy are anecdotal. The aim of the study was to perform a single-center feasibility and results analysis of laparoscopic partial nephrectomy (LPN) performed using NIRF-guided selective clamping. METHODS: May 2016-December 2016: 15 patients diagnosed with a renal mass suitable for nephron-sparing approach consecutively underwent LPN with NIRF-guidance technique. Demographic data, tumor characteristics; perioperative data; functional data; pathologic data; postoperative complications as classified according to the Clavien system were prospectively collected. Serum creatinine (SCr) and eGFR were assessed by serial measurements; 99mTc-MAG-3 nuclear renal scan was performed too. The measures were conducted preoperatively and at the 3rd postoperative month. RESULTS: No complications were recorded. Use of NIRF guidance did not influence the safety of the procedure. Operative time was not significantly increased with respect to the medians reported in the literature for LPN. Blood losses were negligible. NIRF-guidance allowed for successful selective clamping in 11 cases (73.3%). In one case NIRF guidance allowed for the super-selective closing of the tumor-feeding artery. In 4 cases (26.7%) selective ischemia was impossible and clamping of the main renal artery was chosen. CONCLUSIONS: NIRF-guidance was successfully applied during laparoscopic PN, offering the surgeon additional information about kidney anatomy and perfusion. Our experience demonstrated the potential benefits of the new technology. The clinically relevance of selective clamping on functional outcomes is still a matter of debate
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