1,721,022 research outputs found
A methodological prototype of eLearning for old people
No full textThis study explored the triangle of ageing society, learning, and Information and Communication Technologies in order to assess the effectiveness of Adaptive Hypermedia Learning Systems tailored to cognitive styles and provided in an e-learning environment, as well as the role played by intrinsic motivation, learning strategies, and metacognition within this specific learning process. 108 Italian old adults experienced with computer and attending English courses at the Universities of the Third Age fulfilled a profile questionnaire composed by five sections assessing the above mentioned factors. The participants were then divided into two groups: e-learners and conventional ones. ANOVA results showed that learning outcome was significantly affected by the above-mentioned factors. Path analysis results supported for the expected indirect effect of metacognition and self-regulated learning on achievement. In conclusion, the model proposed could be considered a methodological prototype for a wide range of on-line didactic materials centered on old people
Self-regulated strategies in an e-learning environment
No full textOur research assessed the efficacy of didactic contents adapted to cognitive styles in a SCORM environment by examining the difference between e-learners and traditional learners with reference to learning processes such as intrinsic motivation, metacognition, learning strategies.
98 undergraduate students completed a questionnaire composed by the Cognitive Style Questionnaire, the Intrinsic Motivation Scale, the Metacognition and Self Regulated Learning Scale, and the Learning Strategies. ANOVA was conducted to compare the variables of interest. Data showed the efficacy of the adaptation of learning contents to cognitive styles, even with low levels of e-learners’ intrinsic motivation and metacognition.
To provide additional evidence for our findings, future research is needed to collect data from a larger sample size
Tratti di personalità e sistemi regolatori nei processi decisionali
No full textDi solito utilizzato come sinonimo di “decisione”, il termine “scelta” sta ad indicare la selezione di un’opzione tra possibili alternative (Del Missier, Bonini, & Rumiati, 2008), un’operazione, questa, che richiede all’individuo la rappresentazione mentale del problema. A partire dagli anni ’40 del Novecento si cercò di chiarire i processi sottostanti il decision-making con il presupposto che la scelta migliore venga fatta sulla base dei valori o dell’utilità al fine di massimizzare le preferenze (Teoria della scelta razionale). Al contrario, Simon (1955) propose che la massimizzazione era un processo non adattivo giacché gli individui nella scelta tendono a valutare le soluzioni soddisfacentiste piuttosto che quelle ottimali. Schwartz (2000) ne dedusse che la tendenza sia alla soddisfazione sia alla massimizzazione è una disposizione globale o un tratto che caratterizza gli individui nella scelta dell’alternativa ottimale.
Alla luce dell’attenzione rivolta dalle ricerche precedenti all’individuazione delle differenze individuali nelle tendenze decisionali alla massimizzazione, minimizzazione e soddisfazione, il presente contributo ha approfondito l’influenza esercitata dai tratti di personalità e dalla motivazione autoregolata sulle suddette tendenze attraverso due studi. Il primo studio ha indagato in che misura i tratti di personalità del modello del Big Five predicono la minimizzazione, la massimizzazione e la soddisfazione. Il secondo studio ha verificato il ruolo di mediazione svolto dai sistemi regolatori della locomotion e dell’assessment nella relazione tra tratti di personalità e tendenze decisionali. Le analisi causali hanno evidenziato l’apertura mentale come predittore positivo più forte della massimizzazione e la coscienziosità come predittore positivo più forte della soddisfazione e negativo più forte della minimizzazione. Inoltre, i sistemi regolatori sono risultati associati alle tendenze decisionali, sebbene l’assessment sia emerso più esplicativo della locomotion. Malgrado i limiti della ricerca dovuti all’utilizzo di questionari self-report e alla modalità di campionamento, i risultati della ricerca forniscono interessanti spunti di riflessione nei riguardi delle motivazioni e delle strategie sottostanti le scelte decisionali
Factores motivaciónales relacionados con la agresividad en las artes marciales
No full textThis study aimed at testing a meditational model in which goal orientation, self-determined motivation and sportspersonship were predictive
factors of aggressiveness. Italian martial artists (N = 366; Mage = 29.53, SD = 9.107; Men = 325, Female = 41) were asked to fulfil a questionnaire
assessing sport orientation, sport motivation, sportspersonship, and aggressiveness. The path analysis supported for the hypothesized model: selfdetermined
motivation mediates the relationship between motivational orientations and sportspersonhip, which in turn mediates the relationship between
motivation and aggressiveness. The results suggest to consider these motivational factors in order to plan interventions to prevent aggressiveness among
athletes
Fattori motivazionali e correttezza sportiva nelle arti marziali
No full textNella ricerca psicologica sulle arti marziali emergono due principali filoni. Il primo riguarda l’influenza di tale sport sui profili di personalità (Kuan & Roy, 2007) e il secondo analizza la relazione tra le arti marziali e i comportamenti aggressivi (Wargo et al, 2007; Endresen & Olweus, 2005). Alla luce dei risultati contraddittori emersi (Vertonghen & Theeboom, 2010), il presente studio ha due obiettivi: analizzare i fattori predittivi dell’aggressività nelle arti marziali considerando i costrutti motivazionali secondo l’Achievement Goal Theory e la Self-determination Theory e i comportamenti sportivi (sportspersonship) e, inoltre, testare il modello che include tale relazione (Chantal et al., 2005). Il campione è composto da 281 atleti di arti marziali (età media = 29.41 anni, DS = 9.02, M = 250, F = 31). I partecipanti hanno completato il seguente questionario formato da: la versione ridotta dell’Aggression Questionnaire (Byant & Smith, 2001); la Sport Motivation Scale (Pelletier et al., 1995); la Multidimensional Sportspersonship Orientation Scale (Vallerand et al., 1997); la versione italiana della Task and Ego Orientation Sport Questionnaire (Duda & Nicholls, 1992; Bortoli & Robazza, 2005). I dati sono stati sottoposti ad analisi causale per valutare le relazioni tra le variabili di interesse. I risultati preliminari della correlazione mostrano che l’aggressività correla positivamente con l’orientamento all’ego (r = .320, p < .000) e negativamente con la motivazione allo sport (r = -.277, p < .000), la sportspersonship (r = -.154, p < .01) e l’orientamento al compito (r = .448, p < .000). La sportspersonship correla positivamente con l’orientamento al compito (r = .528, p < .000). La Path Analysis fornisce la prova della validità del modello ipotizzato. Le convinzioni circa i comportamenti di sportspersonship, se incrementate dal livello di autodeterminazione e dirette dall’orientamento al compito e all’ego, potrebbero ridurre i comportamenti antisociali
How self-regulatory modes and perceived stress affect academic performance.
Get PDFKruglanski et al. (2000) demonstrated how two self-regulatory modes, locomotion and assessment,
underlie most goal-directed activity: locomotors are inclined to engage in initiating and maintaining any
goal-directed activity, whereas assessors tend to compare and select among alternative desired end-states.
These two motivational components were thought as interdependent aspects and considered as trait or
state, thus influencing individuals’ life activities. Previous research has shown the association between
these self-regulatory modes and many aspects of goal pursuit, such as procrastination, time management,
academic achievement (e.g., Chernikova et al., 2016), as well as self-esteem, optimism, anxiety, etc.
(Pierro et al., 2008; Shalev & Sulkowski, 2009). The present study sought to analyze the association
between self-regulatory modes, perceived stress, and academic performance. 492 Italian students (Mage =
20.63, SD = 5.22; 62.4% females) completed a questionnaire composed of a Socio-anagraphic section,
the Locomotion and Assessment Scale, and the Perceived Stress Scale, during an exam session. Results
revealed that the average marks were positively associated only to locomotion and that perceived stress
was correlated negatively with locomotion and positively with assessment. Hence, the degree to which
students perceived exams as stressful was determined by the way they regulated their goal-related
activities. Consequently, developing specific strategies in academic environment could contribute to
prevent the potential deleterious consequences of perceived stres
Validation of the Internet Gaming Disorder Scale - Short-Form (IGDS9-SF) in an Italian-speaking sample
Get PDFBackground and aims: The inclusion of Internet Gaming Disorder (IGD) in Section III of the fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders has increased the interest of researchers in the development of new standardized psychometric tools for the assessment of such a disorder. To date, the nine-item Internet Gaming Disorder Scale - Short-Form (IGDS9-SF) has only been validated in English, Portuguese, and Slovenian languages. Therefore, the aim of this investigation was to examine the psychometric properties of the IGDS9-SF in an Italian-speaking sample. Methods: A total of 757 participants were recruited to the present study. Confirmatory factor analysis and multi-group analyses were applied to assess the construct validity. Reliability analyses comprised the average variance extracted, the standard error of measurement, and the factor determinacy coefficient. Convergent and criterion validities were established through the associations with other related constructs. The receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was used to determine an empirical cut-off point. Results: Findings confirmed the singlefactor structure of the instrument, its measurement invariance at the configural level, and the convergent and criterion validities. Satisfactory levels of reliability and a cut-off point of 21 were obtained. Discussion and conclusions: The present study provides validity evidence for the use of the Italian version of the IGDS9-SF and may foster research into gaming addiction in the Italian context
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