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Effetto di alcuni metaboliti del benzene sull'induzione di enzimi di fase 2: GST e DTD. 41° congresso Nazionale della Società Italiana di Igiene, Medicina Preventiva e Sanità Pubblica
No full textThe assessment of sediment quality of freshwater bodies: The case of two typical central Italy lakes.
No full textPreventive activity of antioxidants on lymphocytes DNA damage induced by PMA-stimulated monocytes.
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Hydroxytyrosol isolated from olive oil inhibits proliferation and induces apoptosis in tumour cell lines.
No full textOrganochlorine pesticide and polychlorinated byphenils determination in sediments of Lake Piediluco by GC-MS/MS technique.
No full textDNA-damaging ability of isoprene and isoprene mono-epoxide (EPOX I) in human cells evaluated with the comet assay.
No full textIsoprene is produced in combustion processes and is widely used as an industrial chemical. It is a natural product emitted by
plants and endogenously produced by humans and other mammals. Therefore, exposure to isoprene from both endogenous and
exogenous sources is unavoidable and occurs during the entire human life. Based on evaluations of the International Agency for
Research on Cancer (IARC), isoprene has been classified in Group 2B (possibly carcinogenic to humans). In the present work,
we have demonstrated, by use of the single-cell gel electrophoresis assay (SCGE or comet assay), that isoprene is able to induce
DNA damage in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) in the presence of metabolic activation. In addition, treatment of
cells with the main isoprene mono-epoxide (EPOX I) induced time- and dose- dependent DNA damage in both PBMCs and human
leukaemia cells (HL60). The metabolic activation system, represented by rat liver post-mitochondrial fractions (S9), was obtained
from rats that had been treated – or not – with inducing agents such as phenobarbital and ethanol. The inclusion of S9 fractions
(4 mg protein/mL) from non-induced or phenobarbital-induced rats resulted in a statistically significant enhancement of isoprene
genotoxicity. A different pattern was obtained by the addition of ethanol-induced S9, which appeared highly genotoxic by itself
even in the absence of isoprene. Reducing the concentration of ethanol-induced S9 to 0.25 mg protein/mL resulted in a considerable
enhancement of isoprene genotoxicity. In the absence of clear epidemiological evidence of the carcinogenicity of isoprene in humans,
the results of this study seem to be particularly important since they add new findings to support the classification of this chemical
as possibly carcinogenic to humans
Oxidative DNA damage is prevented by extracts of olive oil, hydroxytyrosol, and other olive phenolic compounds in human blood mononuclear cells and HL60 cells
No full textOur aim in this study was to provide further support to the hypothesis that phenolic compounds may play an important role in the anticarcinogenic properties of olive oil. We measured the effect of olive oil phenols on hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2))-induced DNA damage in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and promyelocytic leukemia cells (HL60) using single-cell gel electrophoresis (comet assay). Hydroxytyrosol [3,4-dyhydroxyphenyl-ethanol (3,4-DHPEA)] and a complex mixture of phenols extracted from both virgin olive oil (OO-PE) and olive mill wastewater (WW-PE) reduced the DNA damage at concentrations as low as 1 micromol/L when coincubated in the medium with H(2)O(2) (40 micromol/L). At 10 micromol/L 3,4-DHPEA, the protection was 93% in HL60 and 89% in PBMC. A similar protective activity was also shown by the dialdehydic form of elenoic acid linked to hydroxytyrosol (3,4-DHPEA-EDA) on both kinds of cells. Other purified compounds such as isomer of oleuropein aglycon (3,4-DHPEA-EA), oleuropein, tyrosol, [p-hydroxyphenyl-ethanol (p-HPEA)] the dialdehydic form of elenoic acid linked to tyrosol, caffeic acid, and verbascoside also protected the cells against H(2)O(2)-induced DNA damage although with a lower efficacy (range of protection, 25-75%). On the other hand, when tested in a model system in which the oxidative stress was induced by phorbole 12-myristate 13-acetate-activated monocytes, p-HPEA was more effective than 3,4-DHPEA in preventing the oxidative DNA damage. Overall, these results suggest that OO-PE and WW-PE may efficiently prevent the initiation step of carcinogenesis in vivo, because the concentrations effective against the oxidative DNA damage could be easily reached with normal intake of olive oil
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