1,721,080 research outputs found
Eating disorder not otherwise specified in an inpatient unit: the impact of altering the DSM-IV criteria for anorexia and bulimia nervosa.
No full textObjective: To evaluate (1) the Eating Disorder Not Otherwise Specified (EDNOS) prevalence in an eating disorder inpatient unit; (2) the impact of altering the diagnostic criteria for anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa on the prevalence of EDNOS. Method: One hundred and eighty six eating disorder patients consecutively hospitalised were included in the study. The prevalence of anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa and EDNOS was evaluated with the Eating Disorder Examination (EDE). The EDNOS prevalence was recalculated after the alteration of three diagnostic criteria for anorexia nervosa and one for bulimia nervosa. Results: Seventy eight patients (41.9%) met the diagnostic criteria for anorexia. nervosa, 33 (17.8%) for bulimia nervosa and 75 (40.3%) for EDNOS. The alteration of the DSM-IV diagnostic criteria reduced the prevalence of EDNOS to 28 cases (15%). Conclusion: EDNOS is a very frequent diagnostic category in an inpatient setting. Altering the diagnostic criteria for anorexia. nervosa and bulimia nervosa reduced significantly the prevalence of EDNOS
Check del corpo nei disturbi dell'alimentazione: validazione italiana del Body Checking Questionnaire (BCQ)
No full textIl Body Checking Questionnaire (BCQ) è uno strumento recentemente validato nella versione italiana ideato per misurare il costrutto del check del corpo. La validazione italiana del BCQ è stata effettuata in una popolazione di pazienti con disturbo dell’alimentazione, usando degli studenti di psicologia come controlli. 573 donne (422 controlli e 151 pazienti affetti da disturbi dell’alimentazione) hanno compilato il BCQ, il Body Image Avoidance Questionnaire, il Body Uneasiness Test e l’Eating Attitude Test–40. L’analisi fattoriale confermatoria ha evidenziato che il BCQ misura il costrutto globale del check del corpo e tre sotto-fattori correlati. Il BCQ ha una validità concorrente, un’affidabilità test-retest e una consistenza interna buone. Il test discrimina i pazienti con disturbi dell’alimentazione dai controlli e i controlli a dieta da quelli non a dieta. Il BCQ può essere usato in ambito clinico, per la valutazione il check del corpo dei pazienti affetti da disturbi dell’alimentazione, e in ambito di ricerca per studiare l’immagine corporea in campioni clinici e non clinici
Impact of a history of physical and sexual abuse in eating disordered and asymptomatic subjects.
No full textThe present study aimed to explore the impact of sexual and/or physical abuse among eating disordered patients (ED) and asymptomatic subjects. A total of 86 patients with anorexia nervosa, 69 patients with bulimia nervosa and 81 asymptomatic subjects were assessed. Among ED, we did not find a significant association between abuse experiences and the severity of the eating disorder, or between abuse and dissociative symptoms. Among ED, self-destructive behaviour appears to be the most important predictor of a history of sexual and/or physical abuse. In contrast, in the asymptomatic group, the score on the Dissociation Questionnaire is the only significant predictor of reported abuse experiences
Validation of the Body Checking Questionnaire (BCQ) in an Eating Disorders Population
No full textThe aim of this study was to validate the Body Checking Questionnaire (BCQ) in an
eating disorder population, using students in psychology as control. Five hundred and seventythree
females (422 controls and 151 eating disorders patients, mean age 24.1 ± 5.9 years)
completed the BCQ and measures of eating disorders psychopathology. Confirmatory factor
analysis confirmed that the BCQ measures the global construct of body checking with three
correlated subfactors. The BCQ has good test-retest reliability (0.90), and the subfactors had
good internal consistency (0.90, 0.92, and 0.84). The BCQ correlates with other body image
and eating disorders measures, indicating that the BCQ measure has good concurrent validity.
Finally, the BCQ reliably distinguishes eating disorders patients from controls, as well as
“dieters” from “non-dieters.” The study provides support for factor structure, validity and
reliability of the BCQ on eating disorders population and supports the use of this questionnaire
in cross-national studies
Longstanding underweight eating disorder: associated features and treatment outcome.
Full text linkThe clinical features and the response to inpatient cognitive-behavior treatment (I-CBT) of underweight individuals with either longstanding or more recent-onset eating disorder have rarely been compared. We compared the psychopathological profile and the response to I-CBT of 37 female patients with longstanding eating disorder (≥10 years, L-ED) and 58 with shorter disease duration. Individuals with L-ED had higher age, baseline BMI, higher frequency of self-induced vomiting, laxative and diuretic misuse, but not different personality traits at baseline and not different psychopathological changes, outcome, and dropout rates in response to I-CBT. This study provides preliminary evidence that I-CBT may be useful to treat L-ED and improve their eating disorder psychopathology
Personalized multistep cognitive behavioral therapy for obesity
Full text linkRiccardo Dalle Grave, Massimiliano Sartirana, Marwan El Ghoch, Simona Calugi Department of Eating and Weight Disorders, Villa Garda Hospital, Verona, Italy Abstract: Multistep cognitive behavioral therapy for obesity (CBT-OB) is a treatment that may be delivered at three levels of care (outpatient, day hospital, and residential). In a stepped-care approach, CBT-OB associates the traditional procedures of weight-loss lifestyle modification, ie, physical activity and dietary recommendations, with specific cognitive behavioral strategies that have been indicated by recent research to influence weight loss and maintenance by addressing specific cognitive processes. The treatment program as a whole is delivered in six modules. These are introduced according to the individual patient’s needs in a flexible and personalized fashion. A recent randomized controlled trial has found that 88 patients suffering from morbid obesity treated with multistep residential CBT-OB achieved a mean weight loss of 15% after 12 months, with no tendency to regain weight between months 6 and 12. The treatment has also shown promising long-term results in the management of obesity associated with binge-eating disorder. If these encouraging findings are confirmed by the two ongoing outpatient studies (one delivered individually and one in a group setting), this will provide evidence-based support for the potential of multistep CBT-OB to provide a more effective alternative to standard weight-loss lifestyle-modification programs. Keywords: obesity, cognitive behavioral therapy, lifestyle modification, weight loss, weight maintenance, outcom
DSM-5 severity specifiers for anorexia nervosa and treatment outcomes in adult females
No full textObjective: The aim of this study was to evaluate treatment outcomes across the BMI (body mass index)-based DSM-5 severity specifiers in a sample of adult females with anorexia nervosa (AN) treated with enhanced cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT-E). Method: One hundred and twenty-eight participants with AN (64 outpatients and 64 inpatients) were sub-categorised using DSM-5 severity specifiers and compared by baseline clinical characteristics and treatment outcomes at the end of treatment and at 6- and 12-month follow-ups. Results: No significant differences were found across the four severity groups for ‘weight recovery’ (i.e., BMI ≥ 18.5 kg/m2) or ‘good outcome’ (i.e., BMI ≥ 18.5 kg/m2 and minimal accompanying eating disorder psychopathology). Discussion: Our data suggest that the DSM-5 severity specifiers for anorexia nervosa may have limited clinical utility in predicting treatment outcomes of CBT-E
Preoccupation with shape or weight, fear of weight gain, feeling fat and treatment outcomes in patients with anorexia nervosa: A longitudinal study
No full textObjective: The study aimed to evaluate the trajectories of change over time in body-image concern components in patients with anorexia nervosa treated by means of intensive enhanced cognitive behavioural therapy. Moreover, it aimed to study the role of body-image concern components in changes in eating and general psychopathology as well as work and social functioning. Method: Sixty-six adult patients with anorexia nervosa were recruited. Body mass index (BMI); Eating Disorder Examination ‘Dietary Restraint’ and ‘Eating Concern’ subscales; Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI); and Work and Social Adjustment Scale (WSAS) scores were recorded at admission, end of treatment, and at 6- and 12-month follow-ups. The trajectories of change of three components of body image concern, namely ‘preoccupation with shape or weight’ ‘fear of weight gain’ and ‘feeling fat’ were assessed. Results: The treatment was associated with a significant improvement in outcome variables and body-image concern components. Baseline ‘preoccupation with shape or weight’ predicted improvement in Eating Concern, BSI and WSAS scores, while the change in ‘fear of weight gain’ was associated with improvement in dietary restraint. Baseline and end-of-therapy scores for all three measured body-image concern components predicted achievement of BMI ≥18.5 kg/m 2 at 6- and 12-month follow-ups. Discussion: These findings highlight the importance of assessing and addressing body-image concern in the management of patients with anorexia nervosa
Starvation symptoms in patients with anorexia nervosa: a longitudinal study
No full textObjective. The aim of this study was to evaluate the change in starvation symptoms over time and their role as potential predictors of change in eating disorder and general psychopathology in patients with anorexia nervosa treated by means of intensive enhanced cognitive behavioral therapy (ICBT-E). Method. Ninety adult female patients with anorexia nervosa (63 restricting type and 27 binge-eating/purging type) were recruited. Body mass index (BMI), Eating Disorder Examination (EDE) interview, Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire (EDE-Q), Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI) and Starvation Symptoms Inventory (SSI) scores were recorded at admission, at the end of treatment, and at 6-month follow-up. All tests, except for the EDE, were also administered after 4 weeks of treatment to assess the role of refeeding on these variables. Results. At baseline, starvation symptoms were correlated with measures of eating disorder and general psychopathology. The treatment was associated with a significant increase in BMI, improvement in eating disorder and general psychopathology, and a significant reduction in starvation symptoms. The change in SSI scores from baseline to 4 weeks predicted the improvement in EDE eating concern subscale and global BSI scores. Among patients who had restored their body weight by the end of treatment, dietary restraint and eating concern EDE-Q subscales, global EDE-Q and SSI scores showed greater improvement in the first 4 weeks than in the remaining 16 weeks of treatment. Discussion. The findings underline the close relationship between improvements in both starvation symptoms and eating disorder and general psychopathology and indicate the important role of refeeding in ameliorating both
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