1,721,053 research outputs found
Optimal control of power flows and energy local storages in a network of microgrids modeled as a system of systems
No full textIn this paper, a centralized control model for optimal management and operation of a smart network of microgrids (SNMs) is designed. The proposed control strategy considers grid interconnections for additional power exchanges. This paper is based on an original Linear Quadratic Gaussian (LQG) problem definition for the optimal control of power flows in a SNMs. The control strategy incorporates storage devices, various distributed energy resources, and loads. The objective function aims to minimize the power exchanges among microgrids (MGs), and to make each local energy storage system in a MG works around a proper optimal value. The proposed model is evaluated through a case study in the Savona district, Italy, consisting of four MGs that cooperate together under an SNMs connected to a main grid. The case study shows that the proposed approach can effectively cope with the aim to decrease the intermittencies effects of renewable energy sources, and to manage real-time burst in the residential local demands
Modelling and control of hydrogen and energy flows in a network of green hydrogen refuelling stations powered by mixed renewable energy systems
No full textAn optimization model for a mechanical vapor compression desalination plant driven by a wind/PV hybrid system
No full textA renewable hybrid system to produce domestic water is presented. It consists of a photovoltaic module,
a wind turbine, a mechanical vapor compression desalination plant and a storage unit. An optimization
model based on a mathematical programming is developed to control the energy flows exchanged among
the system components in order to satisfy the domestic water demand. The model has been solved for
three specific case studies in Morocco, where two of them are located in Rabat which aim to satisfy
the hourly and monthly water demand of 20 households, whereas, the last one is in Essaouira, which
aims to ensure the monthly water demand of 40 households. The main motivations behind selecting
these specific case studies are the evaluation of the efficiency and feasibility of such system in two coastal
sites having different characteristics of renewable energy sources. The obtained results show that the
domestic water demands are satisfied in each time interval at a reasonable economic cost comparable
to the current average cost of water in Morocco which is about 0.7 € m3
Coordinated model predictive-based power flows control in a cooperative network of smart microgrids
No full textIn this paper, a model predictive control (MPC) for the optimal power exchanges in a smart network of power microgrids (MGs) is presented. The main purpose is to present an innovative control strategy for a cluster of interconnected MGs to maximize the global benefits. A MPC-based algorithm is used to determine the scheduling of power exchanges among MGs, and the charge/discharge of each local storage system. The MPC algorithm requires information on power prices, power generation, and load forecasts. The MPC algorithm is tested through case studies with and without prediction errors on loads and renewable power production. The operation of single MGs is simulated to show the advantage of the proposed cooperative framework relative to the control of a single MG. The results demonstrate that the cooperation among MGs has significant advantages and benefits with respect to each single MG operation
Distributed robust control of the power flows in a team of cooperating microgrids
No full textThis brief paper presents a mathematical formulation for a team of cooperating microgrids (TCM) proposing a robust distributed control strategy based on partially nested information. This brief paper faces one of the main problems in a TCM, which is to react to the unpredictable production/demand processes, optimizing power flows, and energy storage in each microgrid (MG). This brief paper focuses on a high-level control of the TCM through properly coordinating power that is exchanged among MGs. The robust distributed control strategy operates in order to minimize the maximum divergence both from an agreed power exchange among MGs and from a technical reference value of the energy storage system of each MG. The proposed approach is based on some quite recent results on robust control for cooperative teams. The robust control approach is tested through a case study
Hydrogen Infrastructure for Energy Applications: Production, Storage, Distribution and Safety
No full textHydrogen Infrastructure for Energy Applications: Production, Storage, Distribution and Safety examines methodologies, new models and innovative strategies for the optimization and optimal control of the hydrogen logistic chain, with particular focus on a network of integrated facilities, sources of production, storage systems, infrastructures and the delivery process to the end users through hydrogen refueling stations. The book discusses the main motivations and criteria behind the adoption of hydrogen as an energy carrier or future fuel alternative. It presents current research in hydrogen production processes, especially from renewable energy sources, as well as storage and distribution. The book also reviews methods to model hydrogen demand uncertainties and challenges for the design of the future hydrogen supply chain. The authors go on to explore the network planning of hydrogen infrastructures, the safety and risk issues in hydrogen logistics and their future expectations. Energy engineering professionals, researchers and graduate students will find this a helpful resource to understand the methodologies used to assess the feasibility for developing hydrogen supply chains, hydrogen infrastructure and safety practices. Energy analysts and government agents can benefit from the book's detailed discussion of hydrogen energy applicability. Describes in detail the current state of the available approaches for the planning and modeling of the hydrogen infrastructure Discusses safety issues related to hydrogen in different components of its logistic chain and the methodological approach to evaluate risks that results from hydrogen accidents, including a mathematical model to assess the hazard and consequences of an accident scenario of hydrogen in pipelines Proposes a decision support system for hydrogen energy exploitation, focusing on some specific planning aspects, such as selection of locations with high hydrogen production, based mainly on the use of solar and wind energies Presents a short-term scenario of hydrogen distribution for automotive use, with a concrete, detailed, operative plan for a network of refueling service stations for the hydrogen economy
MONTHLY AND SEASONAL ASSESSMENT OF WIND ENERGY CHARACTERISTICS AT FOUR MONITORED LOCATIONS IN LIGURIA REGION (ITALY)
No full textThe aim of this paper is to investigate the monthly and seasonal variation of the wind characteristics in
term of wind energy potential using the wind speed data collected between 2002 and 2008 for four
meteorological stations in Liguria region, in Northwest of Italy, namely Capo Vado, Casoni, Fontana
Fresca and Monte Settepani. The results show that Capo Vado is the best site with a monthlymean wind
speed between 2.80 and 9.98 m/s at a height of 10 m and a monthly wind power density between 90.71
and 1177.97 W/m2, while the highest energy produced may be reached in December with a value of
3800 MWh. This study may provide information for developing wind energy sites and planning
economical wind turbines capacity for the electricity production in Liguria region, as well as an example
of how, deepening the analysis atmonthly and seasonal scale, the characteristics of the sites might fall in
quite different classes of power density
Distributed optimal control of a network of virtual power plants with dynamic price mechanism
No full textThis paper addresses a distributed control problem
faced by a network of virtual power plants (VPPs). The VPP can
be represented as a distributed energy management system
tasked to aggregate distributed generations (DGs), loads and
storage facilities to operate as a unique power plants regardless
of their locations. In this framework, the main decisions that need
to be established by the VPP decision maker are: 1) to decide how
to fulfill its related electric demand including bilateral contracts
and 2) to bid in multi-level negotiation schemes to minimize
(maximize) in a cooperative way the power bought (sold) from
(to) other interconnected VPPs. The proposed approach is based
on a team theory framework and on dynamic price mechanism,
where all VPPs' agents cooperate on the accomplishment of a
common goal which is function of the subsystem state and of
some controls which are shared with other subsystems. A
distributed control strategy is proposed, and that includes
problems in which each agent is able to communicate with other
agents. Agents of the VPPs compute the control inputs at discrete
time steps based on the information available to them. An
example is presented to show the practical use of the method
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