53 research outputs found
Stabilization of injection-locked lasers using spatial mode interference
No full textWe report the use of spatial-mode-interference, or tilt-locking, for the active stabilization of injection-locking of a Nd:YAG laser. We show that this control scheme is robust and adds negligible frequency noise to the injection-locked laserOttaway, D.J.; Gray, M.B.; Shaddock, D.A.; Hollitt, C.; Veitch, P.J.; Munch, J.; McClelland, David Ernes
Squeezed vacuum phase control at 2 μm
No full textWe demonstrate phase control for vacuum-squeezed light at a 2 μm wavelength, which is a necessary technology for proposed future gravitational wave observatories. The control scheme allowed examination of noise behavior at frequencies below 1 kHz and indicated that squeezing below this frequency was limited by dark noise and scattered light. We directly measure 3.9±0.2 dB of squeezing from 2 kHz to 80 kHz and 14.2±0.3 dB of antisqueezing relative to the shot noise level. The observed maximum level of squeezing is currently limited by photodetector quantum efficiency and laser instabilities at this new wavelength for squeezed light. Accounting for all losses, we conclude the generation of 11.3 dB of squeezing at the optical parametric oscillator.M. J. YAP, D. W. GOULD, T. G. MCRAE, P. A. ALTIN, N. KIJBUNCHOO, G. L. MANSELL, R. L. WARD, D. A. SHADDOCK, B. J. J. SLAGMOLEN, AND D. E. MCCLELLAN
Pamplemousse ou pomelo : un cas exemplaire de conflit entre usage et norme
No full textIn French, the name « pamplemousse » is usually given to the grapefruit, whereas the standardized name is «pomelo». The author tries to clarify the taxonomical and genetical relationships of Citrus maxima (Burm.) Merr. and C. paradisi Macf., and lists the cultivars related to them. Then he reviews the history of common names for grapefruit and pumme- lo/shaddock in English, French, Dutch, German, Italian, Spanish and Portuguese. On the basis of biological and linguistical arguments, the author retains the name « pamplemousse » for the grapefruit, and asks the workers in standardization who have to choose a standardized name for a crop to make previously a thorough ethnobotanical review of it.Chauvet Michel. Pamplemousse ou pomelo : un cas exemplaire de conflit entre usage et norme. In: Journal d'agriculture traditionnelle et de botanique appliquée, 27ᵉ année, bulletin n°1, Janvier-mars 1980. pp. 55-81
Alcohol: A social dilemma :a critical analysis of a course in alcohol education
No full textThe purpose of this research project was to evaluate a course designed to instruct students in all aspects of alcohol use and abuse. The origin of the study was the creation of a new course at the Institute of Contemporary Corrections and the Behavioral Sciences at Sam Houston State University. The course, entitled “Alcohol: A Social Dilemma,” gives a general overview of the facts, figures, and problems associated with alcohol consumption and abuse. Using the course as a dispensing agent, subjects were tested prior to, and after, introduction of the independent variable (knowledge) to ascertain if any knowledge increase had occurred, and if the subjects had experienced any attitude change toward the problem of alcohol abuse. Methodology: There were two types of tests utilized in the measurement of the subjects involved in the study. To measure the subjects’ knowledge increase, they were administered teacher made pre and post objective tests for each of the teaching units of the course. Semantic differential tests, as detailed by Osgood, Tannenbaum, and Suci, were administered to discover any attitude changes. Use of the incidental sample was defended because of the limited generalization for which the results are intended. For simplicity and clarity, the knowledge increase was tested in each of the seven teaching units of the course, and overall. The attitude change was measured overall, and also for the specific areas of alcohol, alcoholism, social drinking, and driving while intoxicated. The tests were created by the author and tested for reliability and validity. All proved to be homogeneous, and therefore showed significant odd-even reliability. Although it cannot be measured, the perceptual concept of face validity was shown to be sufficient. Design of the study was an attempt to meet the goals of all experiments, demonstrate a relationship between the dependent and independent variable, and be able to generalize the results to the population from which the sample was drawn. Data were evaluated using the standard t test for correlated data. Null hypotheses were used and were tested at the .01 level of proof. Rejection at this level indicated only a one in 100 chance of being wrong. Procedures for the evaluation of results were essentially those of al standard t tests. Null hypotheses were postulated showing no difference between the means being studied. Any differences found between the means of the pre and post tests were treated as deviations. Finally, all deviations were treated to see if they were significant. Findings: Of the nine hypotheses tested, the first eight had to do with knowledge increase. Of these eight, numbers one, two, three, four, five, six, and eight were rejected. The rejection of these hypotheses indicates a significant knowledge increase in the overall area of alcohol and alcohol abuse. The acceptance of hypothesis seven indicates that in the specific area of alcohol and public safety, classroom instruction did not produce a significant knowledge increase. Hypothesis nine was concerned with attitude change. The change was quite small, and since it was not large enough to be significant, hypothesis nine was accepted
A comparative study of the characteristics of juvenile Mexican-American solvent inhalation offenders and juvenile Mexican-American non-offenders in Harris County, Texas
No full textThe primary purpose of this study was to identify the variables that are a significant influence in the life of the young male Mexican-American solvent inhalation offenders from Harris County, Texas. It was anticipated that the findings of the study could be used to improve the prevention and treatment methods currently used for solvent inhalation offenders. The variables examined in the study included basic data such as education level of the juvenile and number of siblings in the juvenile’s home. Information pertaining to the interaction between the juvenile and his family, teachers, and acquaintances was also obtained. Ethnic factors were examined, also, to determine which, if any, ethnic factors influenced the young male Mexican-American to sniff intoxicants. Methodology The data gathered in this study were obtained by interviewing thirty young male Mexican-American intoxicant sniffers and thirty young male Mexican-American non-sniffers. The solvent inhalation offender was defined as being a Mexican-American male between that ages of thirteen and seventeen who may have had one or more official incidents of solvent inhalation, and who had had several unofficial incidents reported by parents, teachers, relatives or by the offender himself. The youths in group one, intoxicant sniffers, and group two, non-sniffers, were matched in age. All interviews were structured through the use of a questionnaire form. Interviews were conducted by the author and staff members from Casa de Amigos Drug Abuse Agency cooperating in gathering data. Selection of juveniles to be included in the sample was done by a pseudo-random sampling technique. It was decided that this technique would provide the most representative sample from the population. The sample of offenders was derived from the offenders participating in the Casa de Amigos counseling program for the intoxicant sniffers. The sample of non-offenders was obtained from the population of Mexican-American males attending bi-weekly tryouts for the Magnolia YWCA basketball teams. After the subject were interviewed, all data was analyzed through the utilization of the Sam Houston State University computer. The continuous variables were analyzed by t-ratio analysis to determine whether there was a significant difference in the means of group one and group two on the continuous variables. The discrete variables were analyzed by chi square analysis to learn which of the discrete variables showed a significant interaction with the life of the solvent inhalation offender. All results with a probability of .05 or less were considered significant. Findings 1. The study indicates that there is a significant correlation between thirty-two variables and the life of the solvent inhalation offender. 2. There appear to be significant differences in the family life, ethnic characteristics, scholastic ability, and activities of the intoxicant offenders and non-sniffers. 3. The typical solvent inhalation offender is likely to come from a broken home where only one parent is present. The family of the offender is not close and participates in few family activities. Usually the juvenile and his parents do not communicate very well, and the juvenile wants to leave home and may have already done so several times. 4. The intoxicant sniffer is very likely to live in a Mexican-American neighborhood, and spend much time with a gang of Mexican-American friends, He usually does not get along with Anglos and feels that they discriminate against him. They typical offender is present time oriented and believes in machismo, the dominant male role of physical strength and adventurousness. 5. The scholastic ability of the solvent inhalation offender is very poor. The juvenile dislikes school competition and experiences many failures at school. Many offenders quit school, and those who attend have poor attendance records, and poor grades, also. The intoxicant sniffer is usually indifferent towards teachers and may actually dislike them. 6. The typical Mexican-American solvent inhalation offender participates in few legitimate organized activities and usually does not attend church very frequently. The juvenile has usually been involved in a number of illegal activities and may have been on probation or lived in a correctional facility
Phase tracking of sub-10 fW heterodyne optical signals for precision laser displacement metrology in space
No full textMolecular analysis of lacI mutations in Rat2™ cells exposed to 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene: evidence for DNA sequence and DNA strand biases for mutation
No full text
The relationship of p53 and stress proteins in response to bleomycin and retinoic acid in the p53 heterozygous mouse
No full textAbstractA single, i.p. dose of bleomycin was administered simultaneously with [35S]methionine to 4-month-old p53 wild type (+/+) and p53 heterozygous (+/−) C57BL/6 mice. Following a period of 3.5 h from dosing, the bone marrow nuclei were examined by two-dimensional PAGE and fluorography for induction of stress proteins (sps). Eight sps ranging from 22 000 to 100 000 Mr were synthesized in p53+/− and p53+/+ mice following elicitation by bleomycin. No quantitative or qualitative differences were observed in sp expression in these two groups of animals. In a second experiment, three doses of retinoic acid were given i.p. to p53+/− and p53+/+ mice over a 36 h period. The p53 isoforms in bone marrow nuclei from these mice were analyzed by PAGE for incorporation of [35S]methionine following retinoic acid injections. Quantitative and qualitative alterations in p53 isotypes were substantially increased in p53+/+ as compared with p53+/− mice. The increased complexity in the synthesis patterns in both groups of dosed mice consisted of additional isoforms possessing more acidic isoelectric values. In an in vitro binding assay, individual p53 isoforms demonstrated varying degrees of association with sps 25a, 70i, 72c and 90 which was consistently greater in p53+/+ mice. Both the synthesis and binding of isoforms were greater in G1 than in S+G2 phase, in both groups of animals, reflecting a cell cycle regulated mechanism for these events. Collectively, these data implied that the synthesis and the binding characteristics of p53 isoforms with sps were enhanced in the p53+/+ mice relative to the p53+/− mouse; however, sp labeling was not affected by p53 genotype
- …
