151 research outputs found
De valetudine
No full text... pro summis medicinae honoribus, privilegiis, insignibus doctoralibus rite impetrandis disputabit publice A. D. XXVII. Augusti Salomon Reisel Hirschberga Siles. Anno ... M DC LIIDisputatio inauguralisEnth. 20 ThesenDiss. med. Basel, 165
The Influence of Job Insecurity on Task and Contextual Performance in Italy and the U.S.: Only Negative Effects?
No full textPurpose. Using samples from Italy and the U.S., we examine the mechanisms through which job insecurity affects task and contextual performance. Drawing on a two-dimensional stressor framework, it is hypothesized that job insecurity may affect behavioural outcomes differentially. On one hand, job insecurity may have a negative affect (hindrance stressor) and, on the other hand, it may positively affect behavioural outcomes (challenge stressor). The model attempts to disentangle both mechanisms by introducing overall job attitude (job satisfaction and affective commitment) as a mediating variable. The research permits us to examine cross-cultural generalizations.
Methodology. Data were collected from 322 blue-collar workers in Italy and 320 staff in the U.S. The meditational model was tested using SEM with bootstrapping estimates of indirect effects.
Results. In both countries, job insecurity is found to be a hindrance stressor that induces strain reactions: one way to cope with such a stressor is to behaviourally withdraw from the situation, i.e., reduced performance and OCB.
Limitations. Because of the cross-sectional design, no inferences were made about true causal relationships.
Practical Implications. Job insecurity does not act as a challenge stressor to motivate employees’ performance. This suggest that managers should communicate clearly about change initiatives to reduce job insecurity, enhance affective commitment and job satisfaction, thereby indirectly improving productive behaviours
Originality. This paper contributes to the cross-cultural generalizability of job insecurity and performance outcomes. Further, it compares challenge and hindrance affects of job insecurity
Hippocampal scrapie infection impairs operant DRL performance in mice
No full textIn differential reinforcement of low rates of responding (DRL) tasks, animals are trained to respond for rewards that become available only after some set time has elapsed since the animal's previous response. DRL performance is impaired by hippocampal lesions regardless of their precise location, and can be measured using automated operant equipment, whereas spatial tasks are selectively impaired by dorsal, but not ventral hippocampal lesions, and are typically conducted by hand. Earlier studies of prion infection following dorsal hippocampal microinjections of scrapie have shown clear impairments of spatial alternation, but these occurred significantly later than dysfunction in hippocampus-dependent domestic tasks such as nesting or burrowing. In the present experiment, mice were trained to respond on an automated DRL schedule prior to dorsal hippocampal ME7 scrapie injection. Postoperative DRL performance was monitored, along with performance on domestic and other tests, which provided additional measures of disease progression. Animals with scrapie developed a clear DRL deficit at approximately the same time as their deficits on the other tests became apparent, and long before clinical signs were detectable. DRL deficits thus appeared earlier in the sequence of disease progression than previously reported for spatial alternation, suggesting that early signs of scrapie infection are caused in part by neuronal dysfunction extending beyond the dorsal hippocampal region of initial infection
Niderbronner Bades heilsame wirkung und gebrauch
No full textbeschrieben Von Salomon Reiseln/ D. Hoch-Gräfl. Hanawischen Leib-Medico zu BuchsweilerAufnahme nach: Bibliogr. Nachweis: Bircher, A 1962; BL (German books), R370Vorlageform des Erscheinungsvermerks: Straßburg/ Verlegt durch Johann Christoph Nagel/ Im Jahr/ 1664
Guest editorial - Tackling female genital mutilation (FGM) through empirical research and cultural dialogue
No full textHydraulic Compresor.
No full textPatent for a hydraulic compressor meant to press cotton using the minimum amount of weight and the maximum amount of strength
Primary and Secondary Effects of Gender on Educational Attainment: Toward a Better Understanding of the Academic Underachievement of Boys
No full textGender segregation in the labor market is closely related to gender-segregated educational choices. Male- and female-typed fields of study are typically associated with different educational requirements. Educational and occupational aspirations may therefore influence how boys and girls invest in education. The author investigates how gender-typed occupational aspirations and gender differences in educational expectations may help explain the gender gaps in academic performance and educational attainment in Norway. Educational attainment among 1,076 youth born in 1992 is examined using a longitudinal survey linked to register data. The findings show that educational expectations and male-typed occupational aspirations explain about one third of the gender gap in grade point average in 10th grade. Moreover, comparing boys and girls with similar grade point averages, expectations and aspirations account for 52 percent of the gender gap in college completion by 28 years of age. Notably, having male-typed occupational aspirations alone explain 37 percent to 43 percent of the gap, depending on whether educational expectations are accounted for
Validation and Measurement of Perceived Environmental Threat as an Antecedent to Job Insecurity
No full text The Perceived Environmental Threat scale was designed to measure perception of environmental sources of threat to an individual's job. A total of 276 managers responded to a survey to test the psychometric characteristics. Analysis supported the internal reliability and factor structure and anticipated correlations were observed with two measures of job insecurity. The Perceived Environmental Threat scale also demonstrated convergent validity as scores correlated positively with those on Anticipated Organizational Change which, generally, did not correlate significantly with trust, commitment, or role ambiguity, variables with which it was not expected to be related. The evidence was generally supportive of the overall psychometric properties, offering academic researchers and managers a useful means of evaluating perceived environmental threat. </jats:p
VALIDATION AND MEASUREMENT OF PERCEIVED ENVIRONMENTAL THREAT AS AN ANTECEDENT TO JOB INSECURITY
No full text- …
