1,049 research outputs found
Developing sense and avoid (SSA) capability for small unmanned aircraft
No full textRemotely piloted aircraft are still not yet a feature of everyday life, however the numbers in use is growing rapidly and the range of operations that they support increasing. This conference, organised by the Royal Aeronautical Society’s Unmanned Aircraft Systems Specialist Group, will provide delegates with essential information on the factors that are supporting the proliferation of civil use as well as providing clear insights into the regulatory and other constraints in place to ensure public safety and privacy. The capabilities, opportunities and technologies are developing at a rapid pace and will be outlined by various experts from UK, Europe and America. In addition speakers from UK Government organisations will present a vision of the support available, the requirements to be adhered to and the way in which regulations are developing. - See more at: http://aerosociety.com/Events/Event-List/1402/RPAS-Today-Opportunities-and-Challenges#sthash.CHtG2mPW.dpu
Eating fruit and vegetables gives your skin a golden glow
No full textDespite worldwide campaigns to increase fruit and vegetable consumption, intake is commonly inadequate, precipitating an estimated 2.6 million premature deaths per year worldwide. A British Academy Wolfson Research Professorship awarded to David Perrett has provided support to explore a new basis of motivating dietary change, essentially by appealing to vanity. With that support we found that eating carotenoid-rich fruit and vegetables leads to an attractive looking skin colour, and that showing people these appearance benefits can encourage dietary improvement.https://www.thebritishacademy.ac.uk/documents/668/BAR21-02-Perrett.pd
Exploring beneath the PIG Ice Shelf with the Autosub3 AUV
No full textOn 31st January 2009, two numbers: “range and
bearing” flashing up on a laptop screen, indicated that Autosub3
had returned from its last mission beneath the Pine Island Glacier
(PIG) Ice Shelf in the Western Antarctic. The Autosub technical
team from NOCS, Southampton, onboard the US ice breaker
Nathanial B Palmer breathed a collective sigh of relief. Any
significant technical failure would have resulted in total loss of the
multi million Euro Autonomous Underwater Vehicle with no hope
of recovery from 60 km into the ice shelf cavity. This was the last
of six successful missions to investigate the shape the ice shelf, the
sea bed bathymetry, the currents and the physical oceanography
within the ice cavity. Each are vital to understanding the
interaction between the sea water and the ice shelf, and
quantifying whether the melting rate is changing. During the
cruise, Autosub3 had run beneath the ice for almost 4 days and
for 510 km.
Autosub3 had been exploring the Pine Island Glacier, a floating
extension of the West Antarctic ice sheet, as part of an
international team effort lead by Dr Adrian Jenkins of the British
Antarctic Survey and Dr Stanley Jacobs of the Lamont-Doherty
Earth Observatory, New York. Autosub3 was launched from the
Nathaniel B Palmer, an American icebreaker, as part of the two
month cruise to investigate the oceanography, biology and
glaciology of the Southern Amundsen Sea.
This paper will concentrate on the technical aspects of the
Autosub3 vehicle and its missions under the PIG, and seek to
answer a number of questions: How did the AUV successfully
dead reckon navigate for over 24 hours, and return accurately to
the rendezvous point? How did we cope with the possibility of ice
bergs or sea ice drifting over the recovery position ? How did
Autosub3 (almost always) avoid collision with the jagged ice shelf
above, or the unknown depths of the seabed? How did we
communicate with the vehicle at the start and the end of missions?
How did we manage risk, and prior to the cruise, what
modifications and testing did we apply to the AUV to improve the
overall reliability? What measures did we take during the cruise
to further improve our chances of a successful outcome ?
The paper will outline the history of the use of AUVs for polar
science. Results from the recent cruise will be presented showing
the actual mission tracks, with the echo sounder isonified ice draft
and seabed. Not all went completely to plan: the paper will also
describe the events of Autosub’s close scrape on its 4th mission
under the PIG.
This work was fun
A randomized controlled trial of an appearance-based dietary intervention
No full textObjective: Inadequate fruit and vegetable consumption precipitates preventable morbidity and mortality. The efficacy of an appearance-based dietary intervention was investigated, which illustrates the beneficial effect that fruit and vegetable consumption has on skin appearance. Methods: Participants were randomly allocated to three groups receiving information-only or a generic or own-face appearance-based intervention. Diet was recorded at baseline and 10 weekly follow-ups. Participants in the generic and own-face intervention groups witnessed on-screen stimuli and received printed photographic materials to illustrate the beneficial effect of fruit and vegetable consumption on skin color. Results: Controlling for baseline diet, a significant effect of intervention group was found on self-reported fruit and vegetable intake among 46 completers who were free of medical and personal reasons preventing diet change. The own-face appearance-based intervention group reported a significant, sustained improvement in fruit and vegetable consumption whereas the information-only and generic appearance-based intervention groups reported no significant dietary changes. Conclusions: Seeing the potential benefits of fruit and vegetable consumption on own skin color may motivate dietary improvement.Peer reviewe
The human germ cell lineage: pluripotency, tumourigenesis and proliferation
No full textEThOS - Electronic Theses Online ServiceGBUnited Kingdo
Social transmission of leadership preference: Examining effects of partisan media information on preferences for facial cues to dominance and competence in leaders
No full textOSF project including datasets generated for published study. Watkins, C. D., Xiao, D., & Perrett, D. I. (2020). Social transmission of leadership preference: knowledge of group membership and partisan media reporting moderates perceptions of leadership ability from facial cues to competence and dominance. Frontiers in Psychology, 10, [2996]. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.0299
Social transmission of leadership preference: Examining effects of partisan media information on preferences for facial cues to dominance and competence in leaders
No full textOSF project including datasets generated for published study. Watkins, C. D., Xiao, D., & Perrett, D. I. (2020). Social transmission of leadership preference: knowledge of group membership and partisan media reporting moderates perceptions of leadership ability from facial cues to competence and dominance. Frontiers in Psychology, 10, [2996]. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.0299
Linking 3D face shape to social perception
No full textAdvances in computer graphic and statistical methods have made it possible to visualise global face shape correlates of social judgments. The current thesis used a data-driven approach to investigate face shape correlates and perception of two traits, masculinity and strength, both of which are important in mate choice and social perception more generally. The studies presented defined the influences of body physique (height, body mass index, body fat and muscle mass) on facial shape, and their effects on the perception of masculinity, attractiveness and strength. Study 1 investigated the face shape correlates of actual and perceived masculinity. I found that perceived masculinity is not only driven by sexually dimorphic shape, but also by cues to body height and weight. Men with taller and heavier bodies were perceived to have more masculine-looking faces.
Study 2 investigated women’s perception of male attractiveness as a function of masculine face shape. As previously assumed but not explicitly tested, I found that masculinity preferences followed a quadratic relationship: attractiveness increased with increasing masculinity levels, but dropped o. at higher levels of masculinity. In addition, I showed that the relative costs and benefits of high and low masculinity are affected by individual differences in own condition, perceived financial harshness and pathogen disgust.
In Study 3, I found that perception of strength from faces is driven by facial cues to body physique; individuals with higher body bulk were perceived to be stronger. In men, it proved possible to further dissociate facial cues to muscle and fat mass which both contributed to strength perception. The thesis demonstrates that facial cues used in the evaluation of masculinity and strength are linked to bodily characteristics associated with sex differences and actual strength, namely height, weight, muscularity and adiposity. My findings therefore support the hypothesis that perceptions have an adaptive origin
Two-dimensional computer-generated average human face morphology and facial approximation
No full textCarl N. Stephan, Ian S. Penton-Voak, David I. Perrett, Bernard P. Tiddeman, John G. Clement, and Maceij Henneber
Face evaluation : perceptual and neurophysiological responses to pro-social attributions
No full textThe pro-sociality of humans is manifested by the existence of cooperation in levels not common with any other species. Previous studies suggest that snap judgements of individuals are enough to determine if someone is a potential partner for cooperation. In addition to the often studied facial characteristics affecting cooperativeness and trustworthiness attribution (kin resemblance; attractiveness and emotional expression), the experimental work reported here examined the influence of head posture; gaze direction and skin colour on the attribution of trustworthiness and cooperation. A slightly tilted head (less than 3° downward) increased the perception of cooperativeness, especially for male and hostile looking faces. The importance of head tilt increased with decreased self-assessed dominance. Furthermore, even though some evidence that the effect of head posture is independent of gaze direction was found, gaze direction was also a strong indicator of cooperative intentions. Direct gaze and gaze slightly looking down (3°) were perceived as more cooperative than deviations of gaze outside this range (3° up or 6°- 9° down). Skin colour, a putative cue to current health status, was also found to impact on trustworthiness perception with a healthy skin colour increasing trustworthiness ratings. Additionally, as cooperative and trust decisions are vital for survival and social interactions, decisions based on facial appearance are made quickly and automatically as demonstrated by a trustworthiness modulation on an early face related component with 170 ms of exposure. Collectively, these findings suggest that facial characteristics employed to infer trust and cooperativeness help the observer to assess the motives and intentions of the individuals and assist the choice of partners that will lead to increased benefits and reduced costs in collaborative actions. Such considerations fit well with the evolutionary theory of cooperation as reciprocated social exchange
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