1,321 research outputs found
La personalità giuridica dell’Unione Europea dopo il Trattato di Lisbona e la “pseudo” personalità federale dell’Italia
No full textThe Treaty of Lisbon positively solves the problem of the recognition of the legal personality of the European Union. This is an importantresult that a part of the doctrine has come into being since the Maastricht Treaty and that the European Constitution was careful to make it its own. But, the non-ratification of the latter has revived the question that was precisely answered by the Lisbon Treaty. Such recognition, while leaving unresolved some issues closely related to it, favours several positive effects, such as the strengthening of the feeling of belonging to the EU by European citizens, an aspect that is at the basis of any federal yearning. In a historical moment, in which the European integration process seemed to have stopped because of the weak political response of the EU to the economic crisis, the efforts of the Italian Legislature
are being directed at creating a domestic federalism (whose aspects at the moment are very uncertain) and not to strengthening the European integration process to which Italy, as a founder member of the European Community, has shown to pursue on several occasions
The Legal Instrument of the Communication and Its Incidence in Promoting the Unity of Europe
No full textEconomic and Monetary Union and Switzerland: two models compared in the light of the economic crisis
No full textLooking at the origin and the reasons behind and considering the impact of the 2007 economic crisis in the EU countries and in Switzerland, the author describes the initiatives taken and the key role played by the European Central Bank to mitigate financial and monetary risks within the Eurozone, and compares it to the Swiss approach, namely addressing the set of measures adopted by the Swiss National Bank to tackle the economic crisis
Persistent atelectasis in bronchopulmonary dysplasia
No full textdiscussion of different cases of persistent atelectasies in childre
Therapeutic Effects of Vitamin D in Asthma and Allergy
No full textIn recent years, low vitamin D status has been proposed as a putative risk factor for allergic diseases. A growing body of literature reports low vitamin D levels in atopic patients and supports an association between vitamin D deficiency and risk of adverse asthma and allergies outcomes. Therefore, it has been speculated that vitamin D supplementation may either prevent or reduce the risk of allergic diseases. Birth cohort studies addressing the role of vitamin D intake during pregnancy have shown conflicting results regarding allergy outcomes in offspring. Currently, only a few studies have tried to supplement vitamin D in asthmatic patients, often as an add-on therapy to standard asthma controller medications, and results are not all consistent. There is emerging data to show that vitamin D can enhance the antiinflammatory effects of glucocorticoids and potentially be used as adjuvant therapy in steroid-resistant asthma. Recent in vivo data suggest that vitamin D supplementation may also reduce the severity of atopic dermatitis. This review examines the existing relevant literature focusing on vitamin D supplementation in the treatment of allergic diseases
Could nutritional supplements act as therapeutic adjuvants in COVID-19?
No full textBackground: The role of the immune system and inflammatory response in the pathogenesis of the severe manifestations of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is well known. Currently, different therapies active on the immune system are used for the management of COVID-19. The involvement of the immune system also opens the opportunity for the use of nutritional supplements with antimicrobial and immunomodulatory activity. Main aspects: Nutritional supplements with antimicrobial and immunomodulatory activity are promising therapeutic adjuvants for the treatment of COVID-19, and also for the prevention of viral spreading. In particular, the role of vitamin D, probiotics, lactoferrin, and zinc is of significant clinical interest, although there are only a few data on their use in COVID-19 patients. Their molecular actions, together with the results of studies performed on other respiratory infections, strongly suggest their potential utility in COVID-19. This article discusses the main properties of these nutritional supplements and their potential applicability in the prevention and treatment of COVID-19. Conclusion: The supplementation with vitamin D, probiotics, lactoferrin and zinc could have a role both in preventing SARS-CoV-2 infection and in mitigating the clinical course in infected patients, contributing in the prevention of immune-mediated organ damage
Case discussion of an immediate serious reaction to hexavalent vaccine mistaken for anaphylaxis
No full textGiovanna Zanoni, Leonardo Gottin, Attilio Boner, Giorgio Piacentini, Diego Peroni and Michael Gol
Vitamin D serum levels in children with vernal keratoconjunctivitis and disease control
No full textThe aim of this study was to evaluate whether the control of ocular symptoms with cyclosporine or with tacrolimus in eye drops allows to improve sun exposure and therefore serum level of vitamin D (VD; 25OHD), in the more severe forms of vernal keratoconjunctivitis (VKC). Out of 242 children followed for active VKC, 94 were treated with 1% cyclosporine or 0.1% tacrolimus eye drops, while the other 148 with mild VKC did not need to be treated with immunomodulators. VD serum levels were measured in spring and autumn in 71 children. In total, 60 of them were treated with cyclosporine eye drops (first group) and 11 (not responding to cyclosporine therapy previously) with 0.1% tacrolimus eye drops (second group) between March and November 2016. Pre-treatment median values of VD were 23.7 ng/mL in the first group and 23.8 in the second group, and post-treatment values increased up to 32.8 and 32.9 ng/mL, respectively. Before treatment, 33% presented a deficiency (25OHD < 20 ng/mL), and at the end of summer, only 4% were deficient. The overweight children had lower improvement in VD serum levels than children with a body mass index (BMI) lower than 85th percentile. Children in therapy with cyclosporine, but requiring the administration of local steroid therapy during the summer for control of the symptoms, showed a greater improvement in 25OHD serum levels in ng/mL (23-37 ng/mL) than children who did not require steroid therapy (24-35 ng/mL). Furthermore, there was a significant difference in change of 25OHD in children presenting limbal VKC (21-41 ng/mL) versus tarsal VKC (24-35 ng/mL) ( P = 0.04). Our study suggests that ocular treatment carried out with immunomodulator eye drops could allow for an improvement in 25OHD serum levels. In children with active VKC and at risk of 25OHD deficiency, likely due to avoidance of sun exposure, the role of other risk factors (BMI, phototype and treatment) on 25OHD serum levels should be considered
Allergen immunotherapy for pediatric asthma: current evidence and knowledge gaps.
No full textPurpose of review: The introduction of high-quality and standardized extracts for immunotherapy has renewed the interest in the treatment of pediatric allergic asthma that represents a high-prevalence disease.
Recent findings: In addition to clinical trials, several systematic reviews and metaanalyses were published, confirming overall the clinical efficacy of allergen immunotherapy in pediatric asthma. In addition, new data on the preventive effect of the treatment on asthma onset were published. Despite this, many intriguing questions emerged, in parallel to the development of knowledge.
Summary: Allergen immunotherapy is overall effective for the treatment of asthma in children, but a class-effect should not be claimed, rather the efficacy of each single product. According to the recent findings, the challenge for the future research will be to clarify: when to start immunotherapy in children, which are (if they exist) the predictive biomarkers for efficacy in the single individual, the magnitude of the preventive effect and the optimal duration of the treatment
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