357 research outputs found
Appunia morindoides Delprete, C. M. Taylor & T. McDowell, comb. nov.
No full textAppunia morindoides (A. Rich.) Delprete, C.M. Taylor & T. McDowell, comb. nov. (Fig. 3). ≡ Ronabea morindoides A. Rich. in DC., Prodr. 4: 504. 1830. ≡ Psychotria morindoides (A. Rich.) Lemée, Fl. Guyane Franç. 3: 564. 1954 [nom. illeg., non Hutch. 1916]. Lectotypus (designated here): FRENCH GUIANA: sine loco, s.d. [1781–1785], L.C.M . Richard s.n. (P [P00837122, excl. the small branch at the top of the sheet] image!) (Fig. 1, branches labeled B and C). = Patabea tenuiflora DC., Prodr. 4: 538. 1830. ≡ Cephaelis tenuiflora (DC.) D. Dietr., Syn. Pl. 1: 774. 1839. ≡ Ixora tenuiflora (DC.) Lemée, Fl. Guyane Franç. 3: 536. 1954 [non Appunia tenuiflora (Benth.) Jacks. & Hook. f. 1893], syn. nov. Holotypus: FRENCH GUIANA: “ Cayenne ”, IX.1785, Patris s.n. (G-DC [G00667064]!) (Fig. 2). = Bellynkxia brachycalyx Bremek. in Recueil Trav. Bot. Néerl. 31: 277. 1934. ≡ Appunia brachycalyx (Bremek.) Steyerm. in Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 17: 359. 1967. ≡ Morinda brachycalyx (Bremek.) Steyerm. in Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 23: 385. 1972, syn. nov. Holotypus: SURINAME: Emma Range, 15.III.1922, Gonggrijp & Stael 5679 (U [U0006082]!). = Bellynkxia surinamensis Bremek. in Rec. Trav. Bot. Neerl. 31: 276. 1934. ≡ Appunia surinamensis (Bremek.) Steyerm. in Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 17: 359. 1967. ≡ Morinda surinamensis (Bremek.) Steyerm. in Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 23: 386. 1972, syn. nov. Holotypus: SURINAME: Para, II–IV.1844, Kappler 1453 (U [U0006085]!; iso-: MO-124295!, P [P04579957]!, S-S05-1569!). Habitat and Distribution. – This species is mostly found in the Guianas, northeastern South America, in primary and secondary moist forests, on lateritic and brown sand soils, at 50–700 m elevation. It is also known by a few collections in Amazonian Brazil, in the states of Amapá, Pará, Mato Grosso, and Acre. Notes. – A full description, habitat, and range of this species will be presented in the forthcoming Appunia treatment (McDowell, in prep.) of the Flora of the Guianas Rubiaceae (Delprete et al., in prep.). Selected additional information about Ronabea and Appunia is available in the RUBIACEAE PROJECT (2020). Appunia morindoides is recognized by its inflorescences that are leaf-opposed, which develop on distal nodes with one opposed leaf, or with three leaves forming a false whorl due to the extremely reduced final internode (Fig. 3A). The inflorescences may also appear to be axillary (Fig. 3A), due to reiteration of the corresponding axillary branch of the same node, and are often present at alternate nodes, resulting in branches with 2–6(–10) peduncles present at the distal nodes. Each peduncle bears a head of (2–)5–9(–12) flowers, and may have one (occasionally two) sessile or subsessile flower at the base (Fig. 3C–D). Sessile flowers at the base of the peduncle may also rarely occur in A. tenuiflora (Benth.) Jacks. & Hook. f. and other Appunia species occurring in the Guianas. The stipules of Appunia morindoides are 2 –7(– 10) mm long, usually longer than in most other species of the genus, puberulent, and entire (Fig. 3B) or bifid at apex. Its leaf blades are often relatively large, (5–)10–15(–30) × (1.5–)3–7(–10) cm, and membranaceous to chartaceous (Fig. 3A), while blades are usually smaller, and papyraceous to subcoriaceous in most other species of the genus. Appunia morindoides is similar to A. calycina (Benth.) Sandwith, but the latter can easily be differentiated by its conspicuously larger calyx, which is funnelform to broadly cupular with the free portion of the tube 3–6 mm long and the 5 rounded lobes about 2 mm long; also its calyx is pubescent outside with sparse, stiff hairs (vs. a very short calyx tube, 0.2 mm long that is entire or sometimes denticulate and minutely puberulent or glabrous outside in A. morindoides). In A. calycina the funnelform calyx continues to expand after anthesis and forms a conspicuous crown above the fruit, which is lacking in A. morindoides.Published as part of Delprete, Piero G., Taylor, Charlotte M. & McDowell, Timothy D., 2021, The identity of the long-overlooked Ronabea morindoides and Patabea tenuiflora, synonymous with a species of Appunia (Rubiaceae), pp. 83-92 in Candollea 76 (1) on page 90, DOI: 10.15553/c2021v761a8, http://zenodo.org/record/572494
Cordiera myrciifolia C. H. Perss. & Delprete
No full text<p> [1443] <i>Cordiera myrciifolia</i> (K.Schum.) C.H.Perss. & Delprete</p> <p> <i>Fl. Venez. Guayana</i> 8: 559 (Persson & Delprete 2004). — <i>Alibertia myrciifolia</i> K.Schum., <i>Fl. Bras.</i> <i>[Martius]</i> 6 (6): 393 [15 June 1889] (Schumann 1889). — <i>Cordiera myrciifolia</i> Spruce ex K.Schum., <i>Fl. Bras.</i> <i>[Martius]</i> 6 (6): 393 [15 June 1889] (Schumann 1889), <i>nom. nud. pro syn.</i></p> <p> <i>Alibertia uniflora</i> Standl., <i>Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser.</i> 11 (5): 179 (Standley 1936).</p> <p> <i>Alibertia myrciifolia</i> var. <i>tepuiensis</i> Steyerm., <i>Mem.</i> <i>New York Bot. Gard.</i> 12 (3): 226 (Steyermark 1965).</p> <p> <i>Alibertia triloba</i> Steyerm., <i>Mem.</i> <i>New York Bot. Gard.</i> 12 (3): 227 (Steyermark 1965).</p> <p>VERNACULAR NAMES. — Wn: malipaimë.</p> <p> HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 6 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: <i>J.-F. Molino & D. Sabatier 1993.</i></p> <p>INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 4 trees in 4 plots; Fmax <1 %; dbhinv = 12.8 cm.</p>Published as part of <i>Molino, Jean-François, Sabatier, Daniel, Grenand, Pierre, Engel, Julien, Frame, Dawn, Delprete, Piero G., Fleury, Marie, Odonne, Guillaume, Davy, Damien, Lucas, Eve J. & Martin, Claire A., 2022, An annotated checklist of the tree species of French Guiana, including vernacular nomenclature, pp. 345-903 in Adansonia (3) (3) 44 (26)</i> on page 652, DOI: 10.5252/adansonia2022v44a26, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/7458777">http://zenodo.org/record/7458777</a>
Ombrophytum guayanensis Delprete 2014, sp. nov.
No full textOmbrophytum guayanensis Delprete, sp. nov. (Figs. 1 and 2). Type: — FRENCH GUIANA. Commune de Camopi, Upper Camopi River, Cacao Mountain, in undercanopy of forest 15–20 m tall, on lateritic soil, 02°21’18”N, 53°12’44”W, 200 m, 13 July 2012, G . leotard 1000 (holotype CAY!, isotypes K!, NY!, US!; material preserved in alcohol at CAY). Description and measurements made from specimens preserved in 60% ethanol and digital images. Total length of the plant 16−21 cm (including the tuber). Tuber subterranean, irregularly depressed-ellipsoid, 5−7 cm wide. Volva coriaceous, shape unknown (only the basal portion observed in an old individual), breaking off irregularly. Inflorescence bisexual, 13−16 cm long; lower sterile part short-cylindrical, 1−1.5 cm long, 2−2.5 cm in diam.; intermediate female part faintly ellipsoid, 6−9 cm long, 5−7 cm in diam. (including inflorescence branches); upper male part conical, 5−6 cm long, 3.5−4.5 cm in diam. at base (including inflorescence branches); surface of inflorescence axis among male branches conspicuously mammillate (somewhat ruminate in cross section), yellow when fresh. Bracts angular-clavate, vinaceous when fresh, regularly intermixed and emerging above male and female inflorescence branches, when these are not completely expanded (before anthesis); falling off before anthesis, leaving circular scars among inflorescence branches. Bracts intermixed among female branches 6−8 mm long (when female branches are 4−5 mm long); basal stalk truncate-obconical, 4−5(−6)-angular, 4.5−5 mm long, 1.3−1.5 mm wide at base and 2−2.5 mm wide just below the head; head irregularly hemi-ellipsoid to shallowly conical (without central protrusion), 3.5−4 mm wide, 2.5−3 mm thick. Bracts intermixed among male branches 6−8 mm long (when male branches are 3.5−4 mm long); basal stalk truncate-obconical, 4−5(−6)-angular, 3.5−4 mm long, 1.5−1.8 mm wide at base and 2.5−3.5 mm wide just below the head; head mammiform, 4.5−6 mm wide, 2.5−4 mm thick, the central protrusion with a tiny depression in the center. Female branches white to cream-white when fresh, 6.5−8 mm long during anthesis (9−12 mm long at fruiting stage), with 60−90 flowers densely arranged on the narrow, terete central branch; apical part peltately enlarged; pelta 7−8.5 mm in diam. during anthesis (9−12 mm in diam. during fruiting stage), irregularly crenate-dentate, fleshy when fresh. Female flowers without perianth; ovary obconical- to parallelepipedal-prismatic (due to mutual pressure), 1.8−2.2 mm long, 1.2−1.4 mm wide at truncate top; styles 2, appearing from a shallow pit at the truncate apical part of the ovary, 0.6−0.7 mm long, stigma capitellate, 0.2 mm in diam. at tip (microscopically mammillate). Male branches white to cream-white when fresh, 3.5−4 mm long when young (with anthers not fully developed, and when female branches are in anthesis), 5−6 mm long during anthesis (withering at fruiting stage), with 10−12 decussately arranged flowers, inserted on the terete central branch; apical part peltately enlarged; pelta 3.5−4 mm in diam. during anthesis, irregularly crenate-dentate, fleshy when fresh. Male flowers with 2 stamens; filaments 0.1−0.2 mm long, anthers basifixed, ellipsoid, 1.5−1.6 × 1−1.1 mm, thecae equal in length. Fruit 1-seeded, parallelepipedal-prismatic (due to mutual pressure), 2.4−2.7 mm long, 1.2−1.5 mm wide at truncate top. Etymology: —The specific epithet refers to the Guyana Shield, because this the first species of this genus found in this region. Distribution, Habitat and Ecology: —The only material known of this species is from a locality near Cacao Mountain, not far from the source of the Camopi River, French Guiana, growing in the undercanopy of a forest 15−20 m tall, on lateritic soil, at the base of an inselberg. The specimens were collected from a population of about 15 individuals in an area of about 3−4 m ². Most of the individuals were at the end of fructification, some of them already in advanced stage of decomposition, and only one young individual at the blooming stage. The plants were originally discovered by L. Proux and V. Pelletier on 8 July 2012, and were preserved in alcohol by G. Leotard on 13 July 2012. Phenology: —Individuals in flowering and fruiting stage were collected from the same population, in July 2012. As for blooming strategy, it was observed that the female flowers bloom before the male flowers of the same individual (protogynous). In the young individual studied, the female flowers were in anthesis, with receptive stigmas, while the male flowers were with the anthers still closed. In the older individuals, instead, while the male branches were with opened anthers and releasing pollen, the female branches were already bearing mature fruits, with the styles fallen off. Suggested conservation status: —This species is known only from a single population of about 15 individuals in an area of about 3−4 m ². As explained above, members of the Balanophoraceae are rarely collected; therefore, it is difficult to establish their true geographic distribution. However, taking into consideration the small population observed (Criterion B2) and the small area of occupancy (Criterion D), this species should be treated as “Critically Endangered” (CR) following IUCN criteria (IUCN 2001). Taxonomic relationships: —The classical reference for identification of Neotropical Balanophoraceae is the monograph published by Hansen (1980). According to this treatment, Ombrophytum guayanensis is unique in the genus because of the shape of the bracts that are regularly intermixed among the male and female branches, and by the subsessile anthers (filaments 0.1−0.2 mm long). As in all other species of the genus, the inflorescence bracts of Ombrophytum guayanensis are difficult to observe because they are readily caducous, as they fall off just after anthesis (leaving a circular scar among inflorescence branches; i.e., they are absent at fruiting stage); therefore, they are present only in young individuals. Only one young individual of this species was available, and it was possible to observe that in both male and female portions of the inflorescence, the bracts are angular-clavate, while in all other species of the genus they are peltate. In O. guayanensis, the bracts have a 4−5(−6)-angular, tronco-obconical basal stalk, and a fleshy, expanded head; additionally, their shape varies depending on their position in the male or female portion of the inflorescence. The bracts intermixed among female branches are 6−8 mm long (when female branches are 4−5 mm long), with a basal stock 4.5−5 mm long, 1.3−1.5 mm wide at base and 2−2.5 mm wide just below the head, with and fleshy, irregularly hemi-ellipsoid to shallowly obconical head, 3.5−4 mm wide and 2.5–3 mm thick (Figs. 1B, 1 F−G, 2C); meanwhile, the bracts intermixed among male branches are 6−8 mm long (when male branches are 3.5−4 mm long), with a basal stock 3.5−4 mm long, 1.5−1.8 mm wide at base and 2.5−3.5 mm wide just below the head, and a fleshy, irregularly mammiform head, 4.5−6 mm wide and 2.5−4 mm thick, with a central protrusion (Figs. 1B, 1 D−E, 2B, 2D). According to the species descriptions available in Hansen’s (1980) monograph, Ombrophytum guayanensis is most similar to O. violaceum Hansen (1980: 58), as they both have monoecious inflorescences up to 16 cm long, and male flowers decussately arranged on male branches; the previous differing from the latter principally by the angularclavate bracts (vs. peltate in all other species of the genus), male inflorescence branches with 10−12 flowers (vs. 4−8 flowers per branch in O. violaceum), anthers 1.5−1.6 mm long (vs. 1−1.25 mm long), female inflorescence branches 6.5−8 mm long (vs. 4−6 mm long), ovary and fruit 2−2.5 mm long (vs. 1.2−1.5 mm long), and styles 0.6−0.7 mm long (vs. 0.5 mm long). A comparison of the main morphological differences of the five species of Ombrophytum, and their geographic distribution, is available in Table 1.Published as part of Delprete, Piero G., 2014, Ombrophytum guayanensis, the first record of subfamily Lophophytoideae (Balanophoraceae) in the Guayana Shield, pp. 263-269 in Phytotaxa 175 (5) on pages 264-267, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.175.5.4, http://zenodo.org/record/514396
DYNROT: a finite element code for rotordynamic analysis based on complex co-ordinates
No full textDYNROT is a code based on the finite element method which is intended to perform a complete study of the dynamic behaviour of rotors. Although initially designed to solve the basic linear rotordynamic problems (Campbell diagram for damped or undamped systems, unbalance response, critical speeds, static loading), it can be used for the study of non-stationary motions of nonlinear rotating systems and for the torsional analysis of rotors and reciprocating machines. Explains that one of the distinctive features of the code is the use of complex co-ordinates, both for isotropic and non-symmetric systems. Makes extensive use of complex arithmetics in all parts of the analysis. Applies the modal approach in some of the solution routines to increase the efficiency of the computation or to compute an equivalent viscous damping in those cases where hysteretic damping cannot be introduced directly to the model. The dynamics of bladed discs is included in the code
Fig. 2 in The identity of the long-overlooked Ronabea morindoides and Patabea tenuiflora, synonymous with a species of Appunia (Rubiaceae)
No full textFig. 2. – Holotype of Patabea tenuiflora DC. A. Detail of flower buds with abaxial corniform appendages. [G–DC: G00667064]Published as part of Delprete, Piero G., Taylor, Charlotte M. & McDowell, Timothy D., 2021, The identity of the long-overlooked Ronabea morindoides and Patabea tenuiflora, synonymous with a species of Appunia (Rubiaceae), pp. 83-92 in Candollea 76 (1) on page 88, DOI: 10.15553/c2021v761a8, http://zenodo.org/record/572494
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