1,615 research outputs found
Torre di MAre I. Ricerche archeologiche nell'insediamento medievale di Metaponto (1995-1999)
No full textProbiotics and prebiotics in animal health and food safety
No full textThis book discusses the role of probiotics and prebiotics in maintaining the health status of a broad range of animal groups used for food production. It also highlights the use of beneficial microorganisms as protective agents in animal derived foods. The book provides essential information on the characterization and definition of probiotics on the basis of recently released guidelines and reflecting the latest trends in bacterial taxonomy. Last but not least, it discusses the concept of “dead” probiotics and their benefits to animal health in detail. The book will benefit all professors, students, researchers and practitioners in academia and industry whose work involves biotechnology, veterinary sciences or food productio
Production of vanillin from wheat bran hydrolyzates via microbial bioconversion
No full textAromatic flavors production via biotechnological routes is of great interest as the products can be labeled as natural according to the EU legislation. Vanillin (4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzaldehyde) is one of the most important and widely used flavour in the food industry. Natural vanillin is obtained from Vanilla planifolia, which, however, can supply only less than 1% of the annual market demand (Walton et al. 2003). The majority of vanillin currently on the market is chemically synthesized from guaiacol or lignin, but the product is of lower quality and cannot be defined as natural (Walton et al. 2000). Biotechnological production of vanillin via microbial bioconversion of substrates such as eugenol or ferulic acid is a feasible alternative way of obtaining vanillin (Priefert et al. 2001).
In addition, the possibility of employing agro-industrial by-products such as wheat bran as ferulic acid sources (Mathew et al. 2007) may represent an interesting opportunity of valorising them. Previous studies have shown that resting cells of an Escherichia coli recombinant strain carrying the genes involved in the bioconversion of ferulic acid to vanillin of Pseudomonas origin (E.coli JM109/pBB1) can bioconvert the ferulic acid present in crude wheat bran hydrolizates into vanillin (Di Gioia et al. 2007). Vanillin produced, however, is quickly converted into vanillyl alcohol (Di Gioia et al. 2007), thus reducing the vanillin yield of the process. Aim of this work is to try to increase vanillin molar yield from ferulic acid obtained from wheat bran
Produzione di Vanillina mediante processo integrato bioconversione-separazione.
No full textVanillina etichettabile come “naturale” può essere ottenuta per bioconversione microbica o conversione enzimatica di substrati a basso costo. In questo lavoro si considerano un processo di bioconversione di acido ferulico e un processo enzimatico a partire da vanillilammina, ottenuta a sua volta per idrolisi enzimatica di capsaicina. In entrambi i casi la produttività può essere aumentata rimuovendo la vanillina in continuo, evitando in tal modo l’inibizione da prodotto e la trasformazione di vanillina in acido o alcol vanillico. Sono state sperimentate due tecniche: l’estrazione con butil-acetato in contattori a fibre cave e l’adsorbimento su resine. Entrambe le tecniche sono efficaci in quanto consentono di rimuovere selettivamente la vanillina rimuovendo in misura molto limitata i substrati
Degradazione di nonilfenoli polietossilati in un bireattore aerobico impaccato con un supporto ceramico innovativo
No full textIn questo lavoro è stato allestito un bioreattore aerobico a letto fisso per la depurazione di acque contaminate da nonilfenoli polietossilati (NPnEO) e dai loro intermedi di degradazione, come il 4-nonilfenolo (4-NP). Il reattore è stato impaccato con un supporto ceramico innovativo su cui è stato immobilizzato un consorzio microbico, capace di utilizzare miscele commerciali di NPnEO a medio-basso grado di etossilazione come unica fonte di carbonio ed energia. Il sistema così realizzato è stato impiegato sia in regime batch sia in continuo con notevole efficacia nella rimozione dei NPnEO presenti in un’acqua artificialmente contaminata da una miscela sintetica di NPnEO. Pertanto tale tecnologia ha le potenzialità per essere utilizzata nel trattamento di acque reflue contaminate da NPnEO e dai loro intermedi di degradazione
The non-Siphonophoran Hydrozoa (Cnidaria) of Salento, Italy with notes on their life-cycles: an illustrated guide
No full textGravili, Cinzia, Vito, Doris De, Camillo, Cristina Gioia Di, Martell, Luis, Piraino, Stefano, Boero, Ferdinando (2015): The non-Siphonophoran Hydrozoa (Cnidaria) of Salento, Italy with notes on their life-cycles: an illustrated guide. Zootaxa 3908 (1): 1-187, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3908.1.
Alterations in the Microbiota of Caged Honeybees in the Presence of Nosema ceranae Infection and Related Changes in Functionality
No full textSeveral studies have outlined that changes in the honeybee gut microbial composition may impair important metabolic functions supporting the honeybees’ life. Gut dysbiosis may be caused by diseases like Nosema ceranae or by other anthropic, environmental or experimental stressors. The present work contributes to increasing knowledge on the dynamics of the gut microbiome acquisition in caged honeybees, an experimental condition frequently adopted by researchers, with or without infection with N. ceranae, and fed with a bacterial mixture to control N. ceranae development. Changes of the gut microbiota were elucidated comparing microbial profile of caged and open-field reared honeybees. The absolute abundance of the major gut microbial taxa was studied with both NGS and qPCR approaches, whereas changes in the functionality were based on RAST annotations and manually curated. In general, all caged honeybees showed important changes in the gut microbiota, with γ-proteobacteria (Frischella, Gilliamella and Snodgrassella) lacking in all caged experimental groups. Caged honeybees infected with N. ceranae showed also a strong colonization of environmental taxa like Citrobacter, Cosenzaea and Morganella, as well as possibly pathogenic bacteria such as Serratia. The colonization of Serratia did not occur in presence of the bacterial mixture. The functionality prediction revealed that environmental bacteria or the supplemented bacterial mixture increased the metabolic potential of the honeybee gut microbiome compared to field and caged controls
Lo scavo dei saggi I-II e III: relazione preliminare
No full textViene dato conto delle fasi di vita dei due saggi; del I-II la più tarda risale al XIV-XV secolo e si sono individuate numerose scorie ferrose in relazione alla presenza di una fornace; alla fase di XIII secolo appartengono diversi muri riferibili a una abitazione con un silos. Nel Saggio III si sono identificati muri riferibili ad ambienti con copertura a tegole di XIV-XV secolo. A una fase precedente vanno ricondotte evidenze relative ancora a un'altra abitazion
3D exoscopic surgery of lateral skull base
No full textPurpose: The aim of the study is to assess whether the 3D exoscopic surgery technique could be used in lateral skull base surgery and if it could ultimately replace the microscope in the future. Methods: This is a retrospective study in which were included 24 patients affected by lateral skull base pathologies, who underwent surgery using the 3D exoscope or the operative microscope at the Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery at the University Hospital of Verona. The exoscope and microscope groups each included 12 cases. The feasibility of all the surgical steps solely using the 3D exoscope was evaluated. The exoscope group and microscope group were compared taking into account the following factors: time of the surgery, facial and hearing functions outcomes, as well as the intraoperative and postoperative complications. Results: No intraoperative complication occurred during all the procedures. Postoperatively, only one minor complication emerged. The average operative time was 289 in the exoscope group and 313 min in the microscope one. No significant statistical differences were identified between the two groups (p > 0.05). The facial and hearing function outcomes were fully comparable. Conclusion: Our experience demonstrated that the exclusive use of the 3D exoscope, as that of the traditional microscope during lateral skull base surgery, is feasible for all open approaches. The use of the 3D exoscopic technique is very promising for future lateral skull base surgeries
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