22,262 research outputs found
Why aircraft will fly more fuel-efficiently on FRIDAY: The FRIDAY route charges method
No full textThe Single European Sky is being introduced to improve the efficiency of flight and traffic operations by reforming the air traffic management system. Despite all of these technical advances, airlines choose detours to avoid high route charges. This mechanism is intensified when fuel prices are low. The single unit rate method has been proposed to counter this behavior, but it will introduce other problems for both air navigation service providers (ANSPs) and airlines. For instance ANSPs have to agree on the redistribution of revenues, and some airlines can be confronted with considerable hikes in the route charges. We propose a novel route charges method called FRIDAY (Fixed Rate Incorporating Dynamic Allocation for optimal Yield) that will i). take away the incentive to airlines for detours, ii). keep ANSPs in control of their unit rates, and iii). keep the new route charges for airlines close to the current route charges when introducing FRIDAY. We will show how the FRIDAY method calculates route charges for flights, and revenues for air navigation service providers. Furthermore, we will introduce a numerical method for setting the unit rates for the FRIDAY method. The expected benefits of introducing the FRIDAY route charges method are i). cost, fuel and time savings for airlines, ii). increased predictability, and reductions in traffic risks for ANSPs, and iii). reductions in emissions and CO2 for society.Air Transport & Operation
Black Friday and Cyber Monday: understanding consumer intentions on two major shopping days
No full textU.S. Retailers consider two major holiday shopping days as their most profitable—the Friday after Thanksgiving, Black Friday, and the Monday after Thanksgiving, Cyber Monday. Understanding consumer attitudes and intentions toward shopping in the mall or online at these times may aid retailers in their holiday marketing activities. This study uses data from a survey of 225 U.S. consumers to examine attitudes and behaviors of shoppers for these two shopping occasions. The results indicate that consumers enjoy shopping on Black Friday, yet were more likely to shop on Cyber Monday owing to its greater convenience. Retail managers will have a better opportunity to market on these two days with an understanding of consumer intentions for these major shopping occasions based on these findings
An analysis of Japanese stock return dynamics conditional on U.S. Monday holiday closures
No full textThis paper examines a unique data set consisting of Japanese equity returns for the Friday, Monday, and Tuesday surrounding U.S. Monday holiday closures. The objective is to neutralize the impact of spillover effects from New York to Tokyo. Prior studies find that Japanese returns are negative on Tuesday and anomalous; this phenomenon is known as the Japanese-Tuesday effect. One explanation for the Japanese-Tuesday effect is that there exists a cause and effect relationship with Monday returns in New York. Historically, Monday returns in New York are negative, a phenomenon known as the U.S.-Monday effect. The empirical results show that U.S. Monday closures have a significant impact on Japanese return dynamics for surrounding trading days. The empirical evidence does not support the hypothesis that the U.S.-Monday and Japanese-Tuesday effects are related. Potential explanations for the occurrence and then disappearance of the Japanese-Tuesday effect rely on microstructure properties unique to Tokyo. More recently, spillover effects from New York to Tokyo have increased in intensity, and this is attributed to the introduction of the Nikkei 225 index on the SIMEX.Financial markets ; International finance ; Japan ; Stock market
Hydraulic Fracturing in Pennsylvania: A Policy Analysis
No full textPFAS (polyfluoroalkyl and perfluoroalkyl substances) chemicals and hydraulic fracturing have significant impact on the health and well-being of communities as well as the environment. PFAS chemicals, also known as “forever chemicals,” do not break down naturally in the environment and have the high potential of leaking into soil and water. Contamination of soil and water via hydraulic fracturing is becoming more common. Many health risks and conditions are associated with exposure to PFAS chemicals. This policy analysis discusses how the guidelines distributed by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) influence policy in Pennsylvania, explores how weak policy making on hydraulic fracturing and PFAS chemicals puts communities at risk, and examines the Biden Administration’s stance on hydraulic fracturing and PFAS contamination. The policies implemented by the EPA and the Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection were analyzed in detail as they pertain to hydraulic fracturing and exposure to PFAS chemicals. An environmental scan was then conducted to report on a widely-used database to record chemicals used in hydraulic fracturing, EPA approval of certain PFAS chemicals, and Marcellus Shale impact on unconventional drilling. The Biden Administration was discussed with respect to the steady emergence of reports on PFAS chemicals and their influence on the intersection of environmental health of the US population and policy making. This analysis concludes with recommendations to prioritize environmental health policy and implement chemical testing strategies across the country with a focus on areas of high risk such as hydraulic fracturing sites
The Support of Mobile-Awareness in Collaborative Groupware
No full textThis paper explores the need for mobile-awareness in groupware designed for use in a mobile environment. The motivation for providing this additional form of awareness is that current groupware tends to assume a reliable and constant quality of communications that does not exist in a mobile environment. The implications of making this false assumption are twofold: first, systems that enforce certain ordering and reliability semantics across all operations can suffer drastic performance penalties; second, users are given insufficient awareness of (and control over) the effect of the unreliable communications environment on their collaboration. The support of mobile-awareness implies providing users with appropriate and sufficient inforraation to adapt their behaviour (and the behaviour of the system) in response to changes in the quality of group communications available. To support the development of mobile-aware groupware we have built a flexible Quality of Service (QoS)-based group service capable of providing group-oriented feedback to application level services
Impacto del Black Friday en Estados Unidos
No full textTrabajo de síntesisSe hace una investigación de los diferentes orígenes del evento, el impacto en cifras que genera ese día del año en el comercio en cuanto a ventas, descuentos, medios de compra, productos más y menos vendidos, tiendas más populares, mejores estados para ir de compras, medios de pago, y el comportamiento que tiene la gente frente a esa fecha.EspecializaciónEspecialista en Análisis y Administración FinancieraABSTRACT-RESÚMEN
CAPÍTULO 1 CONTEXTO
CAPÍTULO 2 CIFRAS DEL BLACK FRIDAY.
CAPÍTULO 3 MOTIVACIÓN DEL CONSUMO
CAPÍTULO 4 CONCLUSIONES
LISTA DE REFERENCIA
BUDGETTICKS A MUST FOR THE GOVERNMENT
No full textSYNOPSIS The D.Litt Thesis herewith submitted, namely 'Budgetticks - A must for the Government'. This nature of research comes under the purview of the subject Public Administrations, which happens to be mine own discovery. Presently, there are huge problems in chalking out the yearly budget of the different countries in the present day world. Moreover, the countries which are in the arena of third world and underneath nations, this problem of framing of yearly budget has become a misnomer. The different Governments pertaining to such third world and underneath arena find the same, quite difficult in order to present their budget in thier respective Parliaments, or, before the Assemblies. In fact, there are no relevancies observed to-day, in between the different budgetary provisions (i.e. monetary provisions) and the resultant effects. Here, the Governments are meeting with their drastic failures in providing the people, which are very akin to maintain their lives and livelihoods towards, achieving a conducive sustenance. Here, Budget and its effects make no systematic impact in providing the people, their day to day necessities. Presently, most of the 3rd world and underneath nations are adopting the type of budget which are basically borrowed from the Britishers. During the colonial rule of the Britishers, they have imposed their ideas, their authority, responsibility, accountability, in the shape of forming the Governments, up to their own tastes. Unfortunately such Governments are not finding an outlet to be away from such unsuitable procedural ways as set up towards framing of the budget as made by the Britishers. Of course, partly the British system may have, some help to the capitalistic nations like U.S.A., U.K. and other European countries, but for the people of 3rd world and the underneath nations, this system only provides a distorted, hazy as well as quite an unsuitable order, in consideration to their geographical, social, political and anthropological behavioural orders.
What went right in Northern Ireland?: an analysis of mediation effectiveness and the role of the mediator in the Good Friday Agreement of 1998
No full textGeorge Mitchell, largely considered the key architect of the Northern Ireland peace process, has been lauded for his ability to find areas of compromise in a conflict that many deemed intractable and few expected to find lasting resolution until the Good Friday Agreement was signed in Belfast, Northern Ireland, in 1998. His success, where others had failed, therefore leads us to question “Why?” What conditions were created that convinced paramilitaries to engage politically? What factors influenced entrenched politicians to compromise, after years of flat refusal to do so? Was it Mitchell’s skill as a mediator? Was it the final realization that thousands of civilians had died at the paramilitaries’ hands? My research seeks to answer the question of what went right in Northern Ireland, focusing in particular on the period of the 1990s and the interface between the politicians and the paramilitary organizations.
Mitchell’s greatest skills as a mediator were his patience and his ability to build trust and relationships on both sides of the divide; however, beyond his personal characteristics, Mitchell represented the sincere interest of the United States, which brought international attention and a sense of pressure to the talks. Additionally, regional factors, such as the changes in government at the national level following elections in both the Republic of Ireland and the United Kingdom, created a more open environment for the negotiations since each government was more amenable to compromise on key issues than its predecessor had been.
Therefore George Mitchell found himself in the unique position of addressing a conflict that had reached its stage of ripeness for negotiation and compromise: on the external political level, actors were in place who had both leeway and desire to make lasting changes; internally, paramilitary groups and their associated parties were finally being included in the process; and the simple fact of US involvement had increased momentum moving towards an agreement. Mitchell was able to take advantage of these favorable circumstances and the parties’ faith in him and guide the negotiations to a resolution by imposing a deadline when the moment was right
Mortality salience leads to greater consumption of an ostensibly alcoholic beverage on Friday versus other weekdays
No full textObjectives We build on findings from terror management theory to examine how non‐conscious mortality concerns may lead individuals to adhere to cultural meanings yoked to discrete time periods, in this case influencing consumption of an ostensibly alcoholic beverage. Design The study took the form of a 2 (death vs. uncertainty reminder) × 3 (Monday vs. Wednesday vs. Friday) between‐subjects laboratory‐based quasi‐experimental design. Methods A total of 210 participants (age: M = 21.92 years, SD = 5.33; 103 males and 107 females) recruited from a UK university answered either an open‐ended question to prime mortality or uncertainty cognition on either a Monday, Wednesday, or Friday. As part of an ostensible taste test, they then consumed as much or as little of a purportedly alcoholic drink as they desired. Results Death reminders (vs. control topic) were found to result in more consumption of the beverage on a Friday, less consumption on a Monday, and no difference in consumption on a Wednesday. Conclusions Findings point to the flexible, time‐contingent nature of culture‐oriented defences against mortality concerns with potential implications for the efficacy of alcohol health warnings featuring mortality‐related stimuli
Gettin’ Down on “Friday”
No full text Rebecca Black’s “Friday” may be annoying and ubiquitous, but it’s also a great example of contemporary cultural production. The author explores the making of a meme and the many hands behind a hit. </jats:p
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