1,720,966 research outputs found
Fungal Biomass-Based Processing of Phenolics-Rich Wastewaters
No full textA variety of phenolic compounds commonly contained in many vegetal processing wastewaters complicate their biological treatment since such compounds are tipically characterized by a biorecalcitrant nature, generally leading to an overall increased disposal cost.
In this work, the capability of the fungus Trichoderma viride to actively grow on phenolics-containing substrates was tested. Gallic and tannic acid were adopted as model pollutants of the phenolic fraction contained in most wastewaters, while glucose was representative of readily metabolizable COD. T. viride was shown not to be inhibited by concentrated gallic acid and to be able to use it as a substrate for its growth. Tannic acid was not removed but did not inhibit T. viride growth
Bioremediation of Olive Oill Mill Wastewaters by Fungal (Trichoderma viride, strain 8/90) Sequencing Batch Reactor
No full textOlive oil mill wastewaters (OOMWs) still represent an important environmental problem due to the several difficulties which has to be faced for their disposal.The performance of a lab-scale Sequencing Batch Reactor (SBR) for olive oil mill wastewater (OOMW) treatment was investigated. The reactor, preliminarily filled with suspended solids free OOWM was inoculated with Trichoderma viride (strain 8/90) fungal biomass. Influent and effluent dissolved organic carbon (DOC), total suspended solids (TSS) and polyphenols concentrations were monitored. The obtained results showed that the steady state removal of the organic carbon was about 66%, whereas phenolic compounds were reduced by about 50%
Phenolic fraction removal by Trichoderma viride: an application on olive oil mill, distillery and cork processing wastewaters.
No full textPerformance of a fungal based SBR under pH extreme and shock phenolic exposure
No full textAn investigation was performed to explore the capabilities of a filamentous fungal biomass to grow non-aseptically in a glucose-fed Sequencing Batch Reactor system in very extreme environment (pH 3.5) conditions. Trichoderma viride Pers: Fr. Isolate 8/90 was used as inoculum. Microscopic investigations were carried out to confirm fungal dominance in the open culture. In batch tests, the fungal biomass showed a significant ability to grow and remove the applied organic load (2000 mgGlucose/L d), with high biomass yields. Furthermore, the biomass showed an ability to resist gallic acid toxicity at high concentrations (1 g/L) without any pre-exposure acclimation of the biomass. The biomass (about 2.5 gVSS/l) demonstrated significant aerobic removal of gallic acid in a timeframe of 20 h from initial exposure. The robust characteristics of this SBR system demonstrate potential for future development of fungal based treatment for recalcitrant feedstocks or operation under extreme environmental conditions
Fungal based SBR: a Model Investigation in an Open Culture on the removal of glucose and on the effect of toxic compounds on the biomass
No full textAn investigation was performed to explore the capabilities of a filamentous fungus – Trichoderma viride, strain 8/90 - to aseptically grow in a glucose-fed Sequencing Batch Reactor system in extreme environmental conditions (pH 3.5). Microscopic investigations were carried out to assess fungal dominance in the open culture. Batch tests were carried out to characterize the ability of the biomass to resist to toxic shocks, in which gallic acid was dosed. The fungus showed a significant ability to grow and to remove all the organic load at the adopted feeding rate (2000 mgGlucose/l/d), attaining high biomass yields. Furthermore, it showed to be able to resist to concentrated (1 g L-1) gallic acid even though the biomass had not been exposed to it before. Further, the microbial biomass (about 2.5 gVSS L-1) was able to completely remove gallic acid in aerobic conditions in a timeframe of 12 h
Model Investigation of Fungal Activity on a Synthetic Biorecalcitrant Wastewater
No full textThe remediation of those effluents containing pollutants which are hard to be metabolized (biorecalcitrant) is becoming an increasingly important enviromental problem, due to the complex nature of many wastewaters. An example is the class of polyphenols. In this work, the capability of the fungus Trihcoderma viride to act as bioremediation agent for the treatment of a synthetic wastewater containing glucose, acetic acid and gallic acid (chosen as phenolic model pollutant) was characterized. The investigation was carried out in a Sequencing Batch Reactor (SBR) with a Hydraulic Retention Time of 5 d. No settling phase was operated as this work is intended to be only a model study focused on the metabolic biomass performance (i.e., the removal of pollutant from the liquor). After few days, the organic load was completely removed, including the depletion of gallic acid from the medium. Furthermore, a 0.57 yield (C- mmol based) was achieved, thus indicating the absence of inhibition phenomena
Un modello di processo semplificato per l'ottimazione delle condizioni di estrusione delle paste alimentari
No full textLa produzione delle paste alimentari per estrusione attraverso la sola trafila, porta ad ottenere distribuzioni dimensionali spesso al di fuori dei limiti di accettabilità e richiede l’installazione di piastre di compensazione di difficile progettazione e scelta.
Nel presente lavoro si propone un approccio semplificato alla modellazione matematica dell’estrusione, consistente in un modello matematico semplificato della distribuzione della temperatura ed un modello matematico semplificato del comportamento reologico dell’impasto, che considera l’idratazione e la temperatura. Scopo ultimo della metodologia sviluppata è fornire uno strumento utilizzabile nella progettazione delle piastre di compensazione
Fungal Biomass-Based Production of Lipids for Biodiesel Synthesis
No full textLipids for biodiesel fuel production are ordinarily being extracted from terrestrial plants, while alternative, fast-growing, lower cost sources are being sought in microbial sources. Microbial lipids can be extracted from many sources, but economical and technical issues mostly negate the possibility to use them in low oil cost destinations. The present paper revises the problems connected with low-cost microbial lipid production and investigates the use of fungi in the production of lipids by growing them on waste materials
Dynamics of substrate utilization during the start-up of activated sludge processes treating industrial wastewaters
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