1,721,172 research outputs found
Translating Hedgehog in Cancer: Controlling Protein Synthesis
No full textDevelopmental Hedgehog (Hh) signaling is found deregulated in a broad spectrum of human malignancies and, thus, is an attractive target for cancer therapy. Currently available Hh inhibitors have shown the rapid occurrence of drug resistance, due to altered signaling in collateral pathways. Emerging observations suggest that Hh signaling regulates protein translation in pathways that depend both on Cap- and IRES-mediated translation. In addition, translational regulators have been shown to modulate Hh function. In this opinion, we describe this novel Hh/translation crosstalk and argue that it plays a relevant role in Hh-mediated tumorigenesis and drug resistance. As such, we suggest that drugs targeting translation might be introduced in novel protocols aimed at treating malignancies driven by aberrant Hh signaling
Strategia chirurgica nel trattamento dell'iperparatiroidismo primitivo recidivo (Surgical approach in the treatment of recurrent primary hyperparathyroidism)
No full textRecurrent or persistent primary hyperparathyroidism (HPT) is a rare occurrence requiring generally a careful reoperation. From 1980 to 1992 a total of 192 patients underwent bilateral cervical exploration following a diagnosis of primary hyperparathyroidism. Persistent of recurrent HPT was found in 6 (3.04%) of our cases. In two patients a subtotal parathyroidectomy was performed (parathyroid hyperplasia) and hyperfunctioning parathyroid tissue was found at neck exploration. In one case an ectopic adenomatous fifth gland was found in mediastinum at reoperation. Three patients with recurrent HPT had a parathyroid carcinoma but in only two cases it was possible to identify and remove the pathologic tissue preoperatively localised in mediastinum by double-tracer scintigraphy and CT scan 6 and 15 months after first operation respectively. The third patient with parathyroid carcinoma was inoperable on account of multiple metastases both cervical and thoracic
Adrenocortical carcinoma: is prognosis different in nonfunctioning tumors ? Results of surgical treatment in 31 patients
No full textFrom 1980 to 1998 a series of 265 patients with adrenal tumors underwent surgery, with an adrenocortical carcinoma found in 31 (11.7%). Altogether, 17 (54.8%) patients (group A) had Cushing syndrome (n 5 15) or virilization (n 5 2), and 14 (45.2%) patients (group B) had nonfunctioning adrenal tumors. Tumor staging was as follows: (groups A/B): stage I, n 5 5 (3/2), stage II, n 5 14 (9/5), stage III, n 5 5 (1/4), stage IV, n 5 7 (4/3) patients. There were 12 (38.7%) men and 19 (61.3%) women (median age 51 years, range 25–73 years), and the size of the mass ranged from 3.5 to 20.0 cm (median 8.0 cm), with no differences (p 5 NS) between groups A and B. Two (6.4%) patients (stage IV) did not undergo surgery and received only palliative drug treatment; 6 (19.4%) were treated with debulking surgery; 15 (48.4%) had unilateral adrenalectomy; and 8 (25.8%) had an extended adrenalectomy. Eighteen (58.0%) patients
underwent adjuvant postoperative mitotane treatment, and in 8 (25.8%) patients one or more reoperations for recurrence were required. Nine (29.0%) patients are still alive with a mean follow-up of 34 months; 22 (71.0%) died 2 to 60 months (median 20 months) after surgery. The
overall 2- and 5-year survival rates were 62.1% and 10.3%, with no difference (p 5 NS) between groups A and B. The survival rates at the 1- and 3-year follow-ups were 90.3% and 32.3% (stages I and II) and 71.0% and 6.5% (stages III and IV). In conclusion, adrenocortical carcinoma remains a highly malignant tumor, and stage III–IV patients still have a
poor prognosis; but nonfunctioning tumors do not seem to be more aggressive
Interventi allargati nel trattamento del carcinoma tiroideo
No full textFrom 1970 to 1993, 196 patients with thyroid cancer were treated surgically. In 26 (13.2%) an invasion of local and regional structures was observed. Eighteen patients had papillary or follicular carcinoma and 9 anaplastic carcinoma. Tracheal invasion occurred in 11 cases and 7 patients underwent total thyroidectomy, segmental resection of the trachea (1-5 rings) and reanastomosis, associated preoperatively in 2 cases with Nd:YAG laser photocoagulation. Six of thirteen patients with muscle invasion are alive at 2-16 years follow-up; 3 patients with tracheal invasion died in less than 6 months and the others seem to be free of disease 6-14 years after operation
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