643 research outputs found
Combination therapy with acipimox enhances the effect of growth hormone treatment on linear body growth in the normal and small-for-gestational-age rat
No full textGrowth hormone (GH) therapy is often associated with adverse side effects, including impaired insulin sensitivity. GH treatment of children with idiopathic short stature does not lead to an optimized final adult height. It has been demonstrated that FFA reduction induced by pharmacological antilipolysis can stimulate GH secretion per se in both normal subjects and those with GH deficiency. However, to date, no investigation has been undertaken to establish efficacy of combination treatment with GH and FFA regulators on linear body growth. Using a model of maternal undernutrition in the rat to induce growth-restricted offspring, we investigated the hypothesis that combination treatment with GH and FFA regulators can enhance linear body growth above that of GH alone. At postnatal day 28, male offspring of normally nourished mothers (controls) and offspring born with low birth weight [small for gestational age (SGA)] were treated with saline, GH, or GH (5 mg.kg(-1).day(-1)) in combination with acipimox (GH + acipimox, 20 mg.kg(-1).day(-1)) or fenofibrate (GH + fenofibrate, 30 mg.kg(-1).day(-1)) for 40 days. GH plus acipimox treatment significantly enhanced linear body growth in the control and SGA animals above that of GH, as quantified by tibial and total body length. Treatment with GH significantly increased fasting plasma insulin, insulin-to-glucose ratio, and plasma volumes in control and SGA animals but was not significantly different between saline and GH-plus-acipimox-treated animals. GH-induced lipolysis was blocked by GH plus acipimox treatment in both control and SGA animals, concomitant with a significant reduction in fasting plasma FFA and insulin concentrations. This is the first study to show that GH plus acipimox combination therapy, via pharmacological blocking of lipolysis during GH exposure, can significantly enhance the efficacy of GH in linear growth promotion and ameliorate unwanted metabolic side effect
The effect of neonatal leptin treatment on postnatal weight gain in male rats is dependent on maternal nutritional status during pregnancy
No full textAn adverse prenatal environment may induce long-term metabolic consequences, in particular obesity, hyperleptinemia, insulin resistance, and type 2 diabetes. Although the mechanisms are unclear, this "programming" has generally been considered an irreversible change in developmental trajectory. Adult offspring of rats subjected to undernutrition (UN) during pregnancy develop obesity, hyperinsulinemia, and hyperleptinemia, especially in the presence of a high-fat diet. Using this model of maternal UN, we have recently shown that neonatal leptin treatment in females reverses the postnatal sequelae induced by developmental programming. To examine possible gender-related effects of neonatal leptin treatment, the present study investigated the effect of neonatal leptin treatment on the metabolic phenotype of adult male offspring. Leptin treatment (recombinant rat leptin, 2.5 microg/g.d, sc) from postnatal d 3-13 resulted in a transient slowing of neonatal weight gain, particularly in programmed offspring. Neonatal leptin treatment of male offspring from normally nourished mothers caused an increase in diet-induced weight gain and related metabolic sequelae, including hyperinsulinemia and increased total body adiposity compared with saline-treated controls. This occurred without an increase in caloric intake. These effects were specific to offspring of normal pregnancies and were not observed in offspring of mothers after UN during pregnancy. In the latter, neonatal leptin treatment conferred protection against the development of the programmed phenotype, particularly in those fed the chow diet postnatally. These data further reinforce the importance of leptin in determining long-term energy homeostasis, and suggest that leptin's effects are modulated by gender and both prenatal and postnatal nutritional status
Neonatal leptin treatment reverses developmental programming
No full textAn adverse prenatal environment may induce long-term metabolic consequences, in particular obesity and insulin resistance. Although the mechanisms are unclear, this programming has generally been considered an irreversible change in developmental trajectory. Adult offspring of rats subjected to undernutrition during pregnancy develop obesity, hyperinsulinemia, and hyperleptinemia, especially in the presence of a high-fat diet. Reduced locomotor activity and hyperphagia contribute to the increased fat mass. Using this model of maternal undernutrition, we investigated the effects of neonatal leptin treatment on the metabolic phenotype of adult female offspring. Leptin treatment (rec-rat leptin, 2.5 µg/g·d, sc) from postnatal d 3–13 resulted in a transient slowing of neonatal weight gain, particularly in programmed offspring, and normalized caloric intake, locomotor activity, body weight, fat mass, and fasting plasma glucose, insulin, and leptin concentrations in programmed offspring in adult life in contrast to saline-treated offspring of undernourished mothers who developed all these features on a high-fat diet. Neonatal leptin had no demonstrable effects on the adult offspring of normally fed mothers. This study suggests that developmental metabolic programming is potentially reversible by an intervention late in the phase of developmental plasticity. The complete normalization of the programmed phenotype by neonatal leptin treatment implies that leptin has effects that reverse the prenatal adaptations resulting from relative fetal undernutrition
Kritik Moral dalam Antologi Puisi Potret Pembangunan Karya W.S. Rendra
No full textPoetry that is enough to provide moral criticisms, one of which is the stroke poems of W.S. Rendra\u27s pen. His poems were enough to give a scathing critique of his time and to the end of his life. W.S. Rendra in writing his poems dared to launch a considerable criticism of the risk. The purpose of this research is so that the resulting literary works do not deviate from things that endanger the existence of the author. The method used in this study is the qualitative method. Data analysis will be done using the analysis of the contents of the document (content analysis document) namely by recording the important content expressed in the document or archive, but also its implied meaning. That W.S. Rendra\u27s poems containing the value of moral criticism include poems titled poor people, nursery rhymes, spy rhymes, corn rhymes, rhymes of an old man under a tree, and rhymes of girls and masters
ANALISIS KRITIK SOSIAL DALAM ANTOLOGI PUISI POTRET PEMBANGUNAN KARYA W.S. RENDRA
No full textThe problems raised relate to literary criticism in the poem W.S. Rendra. Poetry is one of the right literature to describe the mind of the author, concerning the social life of the community with its various inequalities, as well as one of the media to convey criticism to individuals and groups. The purpose of this research is to keep literary works away from deviant things that endanger the existence of the author. The method used in this study is qualitative method. The data analysis techniques the authors used in this study are : 1)Read Poetry by W.S. Rendra carefully. 2) then write the value of social criticism contained in the poem. 3) Mark supporting sentences containing social criticism. 4) Analyze social criticism based on data obtained. Social criticism contained in the poem by W.S. Rendra entitled Sajak Orang Miskin, Sajak Joki Tobing untuk Widuri, Sajak Seonggok Jagung, Sajak Pertemuan Mahasiswa, and Sajak Sebatang Lisong contains social criticisms that include the related social life faced by society, the social life gaps experienced by students, and the social lives of the rich and poor people
Manuscript with seal Bar Meeting...At a meeting of the Kosciusko Bar and officers of the Circuit Court...
No full textRegarding appreciation of services of W.S. Featherston for presiding over court.https://egrove.olemiss.edu/ciwar_corresp/1359/thumbnail.jp
Manuscript. 1 May 1865
No full textHandwritten manuscript regarding the Union pass for Brigadier General W.S. Featherston; sent from Greensboro, N.C.https://egrove.olemiss.edu/ciwar_corresp/1253/thumbnail.jp
A Historical Study on the Theory and Philosophy of Statistical Inference by W. S. Gosset
No full textThe main purpose of this paper is to clarify the theoretical and philosophical idea of statistical inference by W.S. Gosset who is one of most famous statisticians in 20th century. In general, his discovery of t distribution may be regarded as one of most important contributions to mathematical statistics. However, the author denies this appreciation to W.S. Gosset, because t distribution was discovered by German mathematician, J. Luroth before W.S. Gosset. Then, the author tried to analyse the theoretical and philosophical differences among the statistical inferences by K. Pearson, R.A. Fisher and W.S. Gosset.10KJ00004508460研究論文Research Paperjournal articl
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