15 research outputs found
When I Am Asked: Lisel Mueller’s Beginning in Poetry
No full textWhy does anyone write poetry? Lisel Mueller (1924–2020) was a poet, author, and translator with a long and much-decorated career. She and her family fled Nazi Germany in the 1930s and emigrated to the United States, where she would establish herself as a writer. The poem “When I Am Asked” describes the beginning of her journey into poetry, undertaken during a period of grief after the death of her mother. Her writing would come to include nine collections of poetry and myriad accolades, including the 1981 National Book Award and the 1997 Pulitzer Prize for Poetry. Though her ouvre is filled with evocative works, this piece stands out as particularly relevant to physicians and other writers who find solace by expressing themselves through the art of poetry
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The Newsletter of the International Fission-Track Community
No full textEditor's Notes -- Short Tracks: News -- Special Announcement: GEOCANADA 2000 / by Lisel Currie -- Special Announcement: Year 2000 Fission Track Conference / by Barry Kohn -- I’ve lost my apatite / by Sandy Grist -- Swiss Tracks / by Diane Seward and Richard Spikings -- A letter to the editor / by Jiri Filip -- Recent Fission-Track Papers -- A list of recent fission-track papers / by Osamu Himeno -- 1998 Directory of the International Fission-Track Community -- It’s a small world AFTA all!UT Librarie
Geology of the Allan Creek area, Cariboo Mountains, British Columbia
No full textBibliography: p. 125-139.The Allan Creek area is divided into two tectonic domains by the steep north-west/southeast trending, southwest-side-down, post-metamorphic Allan Creek Normal Fault (ACF). Late Proterozoic Horsethief Creek and lower Kaza Group strata on the overturned limb of a phase one nappe, north of the ACF, are juxtaposed against lower and middle Kaza Group strata to the south, which belong to a higher level, upright limb of a phase one nappe. Fabrics on both sides of the fault preserve evidence for two major phases of folding, and north of the ACF there is evidence for a third phase of deformation. The second phase structures control the map pattern. They change in style, regardless of lithology, from isoclinal folds south of the ACF to more open folds north of the ACF. North of the ACF the Camp Creek Fault, which pre-dates the second phase of deformation, separates Horsethief Creek strata from younger, lower Kaza strata. South of the ACF, metamorphic grade increases northeastward from garnet grade to kyanite grade. The metamorphic grade north of the ACF, although still entirely in kyanite zone, is greater than in the south: leucosome is found only north of the ACF and the first appearance of leucosome corresponds with the trace of the ACF. Metamorphic histories differ across the ACF. South of the fault there is evidence for two distinct metamorphic events, whereas strata north of the fault may have experienced one continuous metamorphic event. On both sides of the ACF the peak of metamorphism post-dates the second phase of deformation. Retrogressive minerals are present only south of the ACF. North of the fault peak metamorphic mineral assemblages have been quenched and preserved in textural equilibrium. Pressures and temperatures determined by geobarometry and geothermometry from both sides of the fault (570 and 540 MPa, and 510°c and 540°c south and north of the ACF, respectively) are within error limits of one another, indicating that throw on the ACF may be less than 4 km. Preliminary U-Pb zircon and monazite age determinations of 154+/-6 Ma from a pegmatite that pre-dates phase two deformation, and 125+/-7 Ma from one that post-dates the second phase of deformation, constrain the age of phase two deformation to between 160 and 118 Ma (Late Jurassic to Early Cretaceous). The age of the metamorphic peak is inferred from a 135+/-4 Ma (Early Cretaceous) U-Pb monazite age from a pelite from north of the ACF. Since peak metamorphism post-dated phase two deformation, the age of phase two deformation in the Allan Creek area, north of the ACF, is further constrained to between 165 and 131 Ma. The timing of movement on the ACF post-dates the peak of metamorphism and is therefore later than 140 Ma. It is likely that the ACF formed to accommodate the northward decrease in offset on the Middle -Eocene North Thompson River-Albreda River Normal Fault, and therefore is also of Middle Eocene age
Offshore bedrock geology of Eclipse Sound and Pond Inlet: Connecting the structure and stratigraphy of Bylot and northern Baffin islands
No full textUnderstanding the Mesoproterozoic and younger structural history of the Eclipse Sound/Pond Inlet area is essential for the interpretation of its Archean to Paleoproterozoic geological history and could have important implications for mineral and petroleum exploration models in the northern Baffin Bay area. The identification of potentially active faults is critical for understanding possible earthquake-related hazards in the area. The integrated interpretation of 1970s-vintage marine seismic data with hill-shaded bathymetry, aeromagnetic data, and onshore geology maps has facilitated the identification of probable Mesoproterozoic (Bylot Supergroup) to Holocene strata on and below the sea floor and a suite of episodically reactivated northwest-striking horst- and graben-bounding normal faults and fault zones. Fault displacement likely occurred during the development of the Mesoproterozoic Borden basin and the Cretaceous–Paleogene opening of Baffin Bay, and in some cases may continue today. Some faults become more west-trending toward the south, which requires parts of these faults to have intermittently accommodated transtensional and (or) transpressional motion, possibly explaining local folds and out-of-graben thrusting. Numerous previously unrecognised faults have been documented, with faults beneath Eclipse Sound (Eclipse Trough) spaced at 5 to 7 km intervals, and at least one fault zone (Cape Hay Fault Zone) that appears to be at least 250 km in length, suggesting faults of similar spacing and scale may be present under Baffin Bay. This study uses a multi-thematic office-based methodology that inexpensively, and with little environmental impact, facilitates the mapping of structures that intersect the sea floor in areas where glaciers have exposed bedrock.The presentation of the authors' names and (or) special characters in the title of the pdf file of the accepted manuscript may differ slightly from what is displayed on the item page. The information in the pdf file of the accepted manuscript reflects the original submission by the author
Cambrian detrital zircon signatures of the northern Canadian Cordilleran passive margin, Liard area, Canada: evidence of sediment recycling, non-Laurentian ultimate sources and basement denudation.
No full textDetrital zircon U-Pb age probability distributions for the Cambrian Vizer formation (informal) and Mount Roosevelt Formation (middle member) of the northern Canadian Cordilleran passive margin indicate extensive recycling from ~1.7 to 1.6 Ga Paleoproterozoic sandstones and Proterozoic and Lower Cambrian strata, respectively. The units have minor or no first cycle input from Laurentian basement. The lower part of the Vizer formation contains North American Magmatic Gap (1610 to1490 Ma) detrital zircons and lacks ultimate Grenvillian sourced grains, indicating that the grains were likely sourced from a nearby Mesoproterozoic basin and have an ultimate non-Laurentian source. Detrital zircon U-Pb ages of 670 to 640 Ma from the middle member of the Mount Roosevelt Formation indicate associated volcanic clasts were locally sourced, and are not of syn-sedimentary Middle Cambrian age. Provenance of these units was indirectly impacted by the Liard Line basement feature.
Detrital zircon U-Pb age probability distributions from the northern Canadian Cordilleran passive margin indicate sediments were sourced from the east in the Early Cambrian (Terreneuvian; Vizer formation and correlatives) and the northeast during Early Cambrian (Series 2) deposition of Sekwi Formation and correlative strata. In the early Middle Cambrian the middle member of the Mount Roosevelt Formation was primarily locally sourced, whereas the upper member was derived from Laurentian basement to the east and southeast. The change from reworked Paleoproterozoic cover in the Terrenuvian to primary basement sources in the Middle Cambrian suggests significant denudation of the basement occurred southeast of the Liard Line.The accepted manuscript in pdf format is listed with the files at the bottom of this page. The presentation of the authors' names and (or) special characters in the title of the manuscript may differ slightly between what is listed on this page and what is listed in the pdf file of the accepted manuscript; that in the pdf file of the accepted manuscript is what was submitted by the author
Postglacial chronology and geohazards of Pond Inlet and Eclipse Sound, northeastern Baffin Island, Nunavut
No full textThe fjords and inlets of Baffin Island contain a largely untapped postglacial sedimentary archive that records the timing and rates of important Arctic landscape, glacial, and geohazard responses to tectonic and climate change for more than ten thousand years. These are areas of high relief with the potential for submarine and subaerial slope failures. The majority of the population on Baffin Island lives along the coast of these fjords and inlets. Pond Inlet and Eclipse Sound make up a deglaciated seaway between Baffin and Bylot Islands, and the Hamlet of Pond Inlet (pop. 1,617) is located along the southern coast of Eclipse Sound. Interpreting the complex but valuable sedimentary records there will (1) improve our understanding of the timing and rate of deglaciation and sedimentation rates during postglacial warming in northeastern Baffin Island, and (2) will contribute to the geohazards assessment of northern Baffin Island. Recently acquired acoustic and core data provide the first opportunity to evaluate the depositional processes of this region in detail. High resolution multibeam bathymetric data and sub-bottom profiler data reveal depositional processes at a regional scale. Multiple cores penetrating the upper ten metres of sediment provide the first radiocarbon dates in Pond Inlet that establish rates and timing of key events, and sediment properties to assess slope stability and verify interpretations of the acoustic imagery.
Pond Inlet and Eclipse Sound archive depositional processes from the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) to present. The multibeam bathymetry reveal the seabed is composed of glacial landforms deposited during the last glacial advance. The acoustic data resolve the upper ~65 m of sediment and reveal that it is composed of ice-contact till, glaciomarine, and postglacial sediments. The uppermost glacial till and overlying deposits are interpreted to be LGM and younger, and the moraine at the mouth of Pond Inlet is interpreted to represent a Younger Dryas re-advance, pinning the geometry and thickness of the Laurentide and regional glacier system at a time for which there is limited constraint. Radiocarbon dates reveal that postglacial sedimentation started after 10.7 ka BP. The postglacial record is vastly dominated by mass wasting events, including mass transport deposits (MTDs) and turbidites that interrupt hemipelagic sedimentation. Over the Late Pleistocene through mid-Holocene, there is a record of one mass wasting event every 1.6 ka, but the frequency increased to one event every 1.0 ka over the most recent 2.9 ka. The magnitudes and rates of mass wasting may be linked to permafrost thawing or the regional high seismic hazard. However, characteristics of the large MTDs and the bounding sediments suggest the MTDs are locally sourced and did not undergo significant transport. An assessment of submarine slope stability reveals that the postglacial sediments are stable under gravitational loading alone and sediments will require an external triggering mechanism to fail. A SPLASH model calculation showed that displacement waves large enough to affect infrastructure (>10 m run-up) at the Hamlet of Pond Inlet could be produced if a subaerial landslide entered the inlet from the southern mountain slopes of Bylot Island. This study addressed a dilemma regarding the position of the Laurentide Ice Sheet (LIS) during the Younger Dryas and reveals frequent slope failures have occurred over the Holocene. A displacement wave hazard does exist for the Hamlet of Pond Inlet, and a full risk analysis of the region is warranted
Zircon provenance of the Carboniferous Mattson delta complex, western Laurentian margin, Canada: record of a Greenland sourced pancontinental river system
No full textNew detrital zircon U-Pb dates for seven late VisĂŠan to Bashkirian (Middle Mississippian to Lower Pennsylvanian) Mattson and Kindle formation sandstone samples from the Mattson delta complex in the Liard Basin of northeastern British Columbia, combined with two previously published detrital zircon samples from these units, indicate a dominant Greenland Caledonian clastic wedge and orogen source with a small contribution of Ellesmerian aged material. This provenance remained consistent over time. The Labrador-Greenland high was the only paleogeographically viable source area during the time of deposition of the Mattson delta complex. Detritus deposited on the western margin of Laurentia in the Mattson delta complex was likely transported southwestward by a late VisĂŠan to Bashkirian pancontinental river system. This conclusion contrasts with previous interpretations which proposed that these sediments were recycled from the Ellesmerian clastic wedge. Tectonic uplift and denudation of eastern Greenland provided detritus from the Silurian to Devonian Caledonian clastic wedge and orogen to the western margin of Laurentia and detritus from the Caledonian orogen to the Serpukhovian to middle Bashkirian (Namurian) conglomeratic successions of the Millstone Grits in England. Detrital zircon U-Pb dates for two samples from the unconformably overlying Cisuralian (lower Permian) Tika formation are similar to those of the Mattson delta complex samples, as are those from the Pennsylvanian Spray Lakes Group of the southern Prophet Trough, indicating they all probably shared the same dominant source areas. The Tika formation was mainly derived from recycling of the Mattson and other Caledonide sourced sediments of northern Laurentia.The presentation of the authors' names and (or) special characters in the title of the pdf file of the accepted manuscript may differ slightly from what is displayed on the item page. The information in the pdf file of the accepted manuscript reflects the original submission by the author
CREATING THE CANADIAN SHIELD AND THE ‘GREATEST’ UNCONFORMITY: ENHANCED CRUSTAL EROSION DURING RODINIA BREAKUP AND SNOWBALL EARTH GLACIATIONS
No full textAlternative Labor Market Policies to Increase Economic Self-Sufficiency: Mandating Higher Wages, Subsidizing Employment, and Increasing Productivity
No full textI review evidence on alternative labor market policies that could potentially improve economic self-sufficiency via mandating higher wages, subsidizing employment, or increasing productivity. The evidence indicates that the minimum wage is an ineffective policy to promote economic self-sufficiency, entailing employment losses without any corresponding distributional benefits via higher wages. In contrast, living wage laws appear to present a more favorable tradeoff. Labor supply incentives, in particular the EITC, appear effective, as a more generous EITC boosts employment of single mothers and in so doing raises incomes and earnings of low-income families. There is some evidence that wage subsidies increase employment and earnings, but problems of stigmatization resulting from eligibility for wage subsidy programs can dissipate the gains, and wage subsidies entail substantial administrative difficulties. Finally, a newer but growing literature on school-to-work provides some evidence that school-to-work programs boost labor market attachment, skill formation, wages, and earnings.
Alternative Labor Market Policies to Increase Economic Self-Sufficiency: Mandating Higher Wages, Subsidizing Employment, and Raising Productivity
No full textThe principal means by which individuals and families achieve economic self-sufficiency is through labor market earnings. As a consequence, it is natural for policy makers to look to interventions that increase the ability of individuals and families to achieve an adequate standard of living from participating in the labor market – a goal that has become even more prominent in the post-welfare reform era in the United States. This paper discusses some key policies that are used or can be used to increase economic self-sufficiency by increasing earnings, including mandating higher wages, subsidizing work, and increasing skill formation. Specifically, it reviews evidence on some of the main policies currently in place in the United States, including minimum and living wages, the Earned Income Tax Credit, wage subsidies, and school-to-work programs. Finally, it considers alternative policies that have recently been proposed.minimum wages, living wages, earned income tax credit, wage subsidies, school-to-work
