131,096 research outputs found
Beware the looping vas deferens in orchidopexy
No full textCase ReportAbstract not availableThomas P. Cundy and Day Way Go
Lendall Alexander of Cundy\u27s Harbor, skipper of the 60-foot Julie D, last week s
No full textLendall Alexander of Cundy\u27s Harbor, skipper of the 60-foot Julie D, last week sailed out of his home port for Point Judith, R.I., to spend the summer fishing for squid, butterfish and mackerel. Alexander is concerned that the new federal regulations governing groundfishing will prevent him from earning a living, so secured a $15,000 loan to re-rig his boat for squid fishing. Details
High energy marine flood deposits on Astypalaea Island, Greece: possible evidence for the AD 1956 southern Aegean tsunami
No full textHigh energy marine sediments are described from Livadia and Stavros, Astypalaea Island, Greece, which are tentatively interpreted to be associated with the southern Aegean tsunami of 9th July AD 1956. At Livadia, the marine provenance of imbricated pebble deposits (referred to here as the Imbricated Clast Unit, or ICU) are inferred from two observations. Firstly, the similarity between the clasts comprising the ICU and contemporary beach sediments, and secondly the inclusion of foraminiferal tests within the sediment matrix. Derivation from the AD 1956 tsunami, rather than from a storm surge, is inferred from the uniqueness of the deposits within the sedimentary record, their distinct imbrication, and 137Cs and 210Pb dating of overlying and underlying sediments. The top of the ICU occurs at +2.00 metres above sea level (m a.s.l.) indicating a minimum flood level at this location. At Stavros, a gravel with rounded clasts incorporating marine mollusca is found on exposed cliff surfaces up to an elevation of +10.00 m a.s.l. These gravels are also interpreted as having been deposited by the AD 1956 tsunami. The elevation of the deposits and topographic observations indicate that previously reported run-up elevations were over-estimated. The results shown here represent the first systematic investigation into sedimentary deposits possibly associated with a modern tsunami within the Aegean Sea region of Greece
Impact of mining on the sediment geochemistry and Mineralogy of the Helford river, Cornwall
No full textThe geochemistry and mineralogy of the intertidal sediments of the Helford River, Cornwall have been examined to assess the potential impact of mining activity on sediment supply. Cores from Polpenwith and Polwheveral creeks show a pulse in Sn (1000-1100 ppm), Cu (800-900 ppm) and Zn (500-600 ppm) at a depth of 30 cm below the present day sediment surface; As and Pb values are typically low and show little down-core variation (<130 ppm As and <78 ppm Pb). Two cores recovered near Gweek have generally low and invariant down-core geochemical signatures, except for a single sample from the base of Core 2 which shows a sudden increase in Sn to >1800 ppm. In addition, two cores were collected from the mouth of Mawgan Creek. Core 4 shows a low but invariant geochemical signature but Core 3 shows a significant down-core increase in Sn (>1900 ppm Sn), Cu (588 ppm) and Zn (1297 ppm). The heavy mineral assemblage is dominated by cassiterite, chalcopyrite and sphalerite, along with less abundant zircon, monazite, ilmenite, rutile/anatase, sphene, wolframite, barite and rare slag products. Diagenetic pyrite, bornite and Fe oxides also occur. The geochemistry and mineralogy are consistent with the historical release of mine waste tailings into the Helford River. 210Pb dating of two cores suggests that the sediments are younger than 1880. Based on these data the most likely sources of the mine waste are from Wheal Caroline and Wheal Vyvyan to the north of the Helford River which are documented as being active between 1827 and 1864
Radionuclide and geochemical studies of recent sediments from the Solent estuarine system
No full textThis study examines the geochemistry of salt marshes and intertidal sediments from the Solent estuarine system, southern England. Micro-, meso- and macro-scale studies have been carried out to assess the geochemical processes operating in these intertidal sediments and the use of radionuclides as tracers of sedimentary processes in the Solent area. Measurement of 210Pbxs, 137Cs and 60Co provides valuable information on sedimentary processes occurring in the Solent estuarine system. Subsurface maxima in activity are observed for 137Cs and 60Co (after normalisation to Al) which can be related to historical input, providing dated sediment horizons. This has enabled determination of Recent sediment accumulation rates and reconstruction of historical pollution records. Sediment accumulation rates obtained using 210PbXS/ l37Cs and 60Co in salt marsh environments provide an indication of the rate of Recent sea level rise, estimated as 4 mm y-1. This is in broad agreement with tide gauge data and when compared with longer term archaeological and radiochronological data may indicate an increase in the rate of mean sea level rise over the last 1000 years. Salt marsh areas with accumulation rates lower than 4 mm y 1 (from 137Cs and 60Co dating) are degenerating (undergoing die-back) indicating that they are failing to keep pace with the rising sea level. While local (intra-estuary) effects influence rates of sediment accumulation on a particular salt marsh the main control of sediment accretion over the whole Solent area is a rise in mean sea level. Dating of salt marsh sediment cores has allowed assessment of the historical record of anthropogenic pollutant input to the Solent (in particular for Pb and Cu). Pb isotope studies of salt marsh sediments from Southampton Water indicate increasing importance of anthropogenic Pb (from Precambrian ores) since the beginning of this century. A very prominent transient spike due to an anthropogenic Pb input is found in salt marsh sediments from the relatively unpolluted Beaulieu estuary. This may be related to military marshalling in the Beaulieu river before the Allied D-Day landings in 1944. Anthropogenic Cu is present in the Solent region mainly due to discharge from the Esso refinery at Fawley, Southampton Water. Analysis of Cu fluxes has shown that discharges peaked in ca.1970 and have significantly reduced since 1971 (due to effluent clean-up by the refinery). The reliable use of radionuclides as indicators of sediment accumulation depends on their chemical immobility (lack of redox migration). 60Co shows evidence for early diagenetic remobilisation at two salt marsh sites, and 2iopb m a v a i s o be mobile in some salt marsh areas. Remobilisation of 210Pb is apparently localised and may be aided by flooding/drainage cycles in the marsh. The use of these radionuclides as tracers of sediment accumulation in areas where significant early diagenetic remobilisation occurs is problematic. Where possible a number of chemically different radionuclides should be used to eliminate bias in calculated sediment accumulation rates due to redox mobilisation or diffusive processes. Detailed geochemical studies can assist in determining whether redox movement of radionuclides is occurring. A critical examination of the geochemical behaviour of both the stable counterparts of radionuclides and redox-sensitive elements is required if realistic sediment accumulation rates are to be obtained
Tsunami risk in the Aegean Sea and the role of systematic field, laboratory and documentary studies: the case of the 1956 tsunami
No full textGeochemical and mineralogical record of historical mining, Hayle estuary, Cornwall, UK
No full textThe release pf particulate waste as a result of major historical mining activity within the polymetallic Cornubian orefield, Cornwall UK, has locally caused significant contamination of estuarine sediments. In this study the impact of historical mining on the southwest Hayle Estuary, Cornwall, UK, was evaluated by examining the sediment geochemistry and mineralogy of nine shallow (<1 m) cores along with surface sediment sampling throughout the intertidal areas of the estuary. The sediment geochemistry of ll of the cores shows very elevated levels of tin and copper (maximum Sn value of 7041 ppm and Cu 29,869 ppm). Surface (uppermost 5 cm) sediment samples are also contaminated, with up to 4520 ppm Cu, 5455 ppm Sn, 2292 ppm As, 522 ppm Pb and 1777 ppm Zn. Core dating indicates that the sediments currently exposed at the surface were deposited prior to 1880. The detrital heavy mineral assemblage is dominated by cassiterite, chalcopyrite, arsenopyrite, sphalerite and pyrite along with minor galena, monazite, zircon, stannite, wolframite, plumbogummite, covellite, bornite and ilmenite. In addition, man made slag and smelt products are common. Diagenetic pyrite, chalcopyrite and atacamite are also present. The sediment geochemistry and mineralogy are interpreted to represent (a) the input of historic mine waste tailings and smelt waste into the estuary probably prior to 1880, and (b) the subsequent exposure of these contaminated sediments as a result of recent erosion
Paediatric Robotic Transperitoneal Heminephroureterectomy in Complete Duplicated Systems: Early and Long-Term Outcomes
No full textBackground: We present outcomes for paediatric robotic heminephroureterectomy from a prospective single-surgeon series. Methods: Children who underwent this operation between July 2007 and March 2017 were reviewed from a prospective database. Results: There were 32 heminephroureterectomy (28 upper, 4 lower) for ureterocele (13), reflux (7), ectopic ureter (11), ureteric atresia (1). Co-morbidities (urological anomalies, recurrent infection, previous abdominal scarring) were common. Concomitant non-robotic procedures took place in 50%. Mean console time was 101 ± 30.2 min, hospital stay 29.5 ± 10.3 h. There were no conversions, intraoperative complications, and no remnant moiety function loss. Excision of diseased moiety calyces was complete in 30 (94%), incomplete in 2 (6%) who subsequently developed asymptomatic small marginal cysts. Eleven (34%) had total-ureterectomy, the remaining 21 (66%) were left with a ureteric stump. Postoperatively 3 (9%) females with residual stump (2 ureterocele, 1 bladder neck ectopia) and other urological anomalies underwent surgery (stump excision + reimplant refluxing remnant moiety ureter) for recurrent infection. Conclusion: In children, heminephroureterectomy is well suited to a robotic approach with favourable outcomes in our experience
MeSH term explosion and author rank improve expert recommendations
No full textInformation overload is an often-cited phenomenon that reduces the productivity, efficiency and efficacy of scientists. One challenge for scientists is to find appropriate collaborators in their research. The literature describes various solutions to the problem of expertise location, but most current approaches do not appear to be very suitable for expert recommendations in biomedical research. In this study, we present the development and initial evaluation of a vector space model-based algorithm to calculate researcher similarity using four inputs: 1) MeSH terms of publications; 2) MeSH terms and author rank; 3) exploded MeSH terms; and 4) exploded MeSH terms and author rank. We developed and evaluated the algorithm using a data set of 17,525 authors and their 22,542 papers. On average, our algorithms correctly predicted 2.5 of the top 5/10 coauthors of individual scientists. Exploded MeSH and author rank outperformed all other algorithms in accuracy, followed closely by MeSH and author rank. Our results show that the accuracy of MeSH term-based matching can be enhanced with other metadata such as author rank
The mucopolysaccharidoses: advances in medical care lead to challenges in orthopaedic surgical care
No full textThe mucopolysaccharidoses (MPS) are a group of inherited lysosomal storage disorders with clinical manifestations relevant to the orthopaedic surgeon. Our aim was to review the recent advances in their management and the implications for surgical practice. The current literature about MPSs is summarised, emphasising orthopaedic complications and their management. Recent advances in the diagnosis and management of MPSs include the recognition of slowly progressive, late presenting subtypes, developments in life-prolonging systemic treatment and potentially new indications for surgical treatment. The outcomes of surgery in these patients are not yet validated and some procedures have a high rate of complications which differ from those in patients who do not have a MPS. The diagnosis of a MPS should be considered in adolescents or young adults with a previously unrecognised dysplasia of the hip. Surgeons treating patients with a MPS should report their experience and studies should include the assessment of function and quality of life to guide treatment.N. Williams, D. Challoumas, D. Ketteridge, P. J. Cundy, D. M. Eastwoo
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