2,038 research outputs found
High sialidase levels increase preterm birth risk among women who are bacterial vaginosis-positive in early gestation
No full textAm J Obstet Gynecol. 2011 Feb;204(2):142.e1-9. Epub 2010 Nov 5.
High sialidase levels increase preterm birth risk among women who are bacterial vaginosis-positive in early gestation.
Cauci S, Culhane JF.
SourceDepartment of Biomedical Sciences and Technologies, School of Medicine, University of Udine, Udine, Italy.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to assess whether vaginal sialidases level in early pregnancy is associated with preterm birth among women who are bacterial vaginosis-positive.
STUDY DESIGN: Of the 1806 women who were enrolled at < 20 weeks of gestation, 800 of the women were bacterial vaginosis-positive (Nugent score, 7-10); 707 of the women had birth outcome data; 109 of the women who were bacterial vaginosis-positive had an adverse preterm outcome, which included 53 spontaneous preterm births (19 births were early at 20-34 weeks, and 34 births were late at 34-37 weeks), and 14 of the women had late miscarriages (12-20 weeks). Sialidase levels were compared with 352 control subjects (term normal birthweight infants).
RESULTS: Sialidase levels at ≥ 5, ≥ 10, and ≥ 14 nmol (odds ratio [OR], 1.56; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.01-2.41; OR, 2.14; 95% CI, 1.25-3.64; OR, 3.17; 95% CI, 1.64-6.10, respectively) was associated significantly with all adverse preterm outcomes. The ≥ 10 nmol and ≥ 14 nmol cut-points were associated strongly with early spontaneous preterm births (OR, 3.79; 95% CI, 1.42-10.10 and OR, 5.36; 95% CI, 1.77-16.23, respectively) and late miscarriages (OR, 4.87; 95% CI, 1.61-14.65; OR, 8.33; 95% CI, 2.57-26.9, respectively).
CONCLUSION: Elevated sialidase level that is measured at 12 weeks of gestation is associated strongly with early spontaneous preterm births and late miscarriage
Modulation of vaginal immune response among pregnant women with bacterial vaginosis by Trichomonas vaginalis, Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, and yeast
No full textEvaluation of semen detection in vaginal secretions: comparison of four methods
No full textAm J Reprod Immunol. 2008 Sep;60(3):274-81. Epub 2008 Jul 18.
Evaluation of semen detection in vaginal secretions: comparison of four methods.
Culhane JF, Nyirjesy P, McCollum K, Casabellata G, Di Santolo M, Cauci S.
SourceDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Abstract
PROBLEM: To determine the best method to detect semen in human vaginal secretions.
METHOD OF STUDY: Vaginal secretions from 302 pregnant women at mean 11.8 weeks' gestation were analyzed. Semen detection was assessed with: (i) measurement of total prostate-specific antigen (PSA), (ii) acid phosphatase activity, (iii) microscopic measurement of spermatozoa on Gram stain, and (iv) self-reported sexual intercourse in the past 2 days. Sensitivity and specificity were calculated for each technique in comparison with PSA levels.
RESULTS: A total of 119 (39.4%) women had a detectable PSA. Compared with measurable PSA, the sensitivity and specificity for other methods were: acid phosphatase (26.9%, 98.4%), Gram stain (36.1%, 98.4%), and self-report of intercourse in the past 48 hr (41.9%, 88.8%).
CONCLUSION: Compared with PSA levels, commonly used assays for recent semen exposure are inaccurate. This inaccuracy may affect the results of studies, which measure vaginal immune factors like cytokines or retrieve DNA from vaginal specimens
Local Interleukin-8 as Biomarker for Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes in Pregnant Women with Bacterial Vaginosis.
No full textAmong pregnant women with bacterial vaginosis, the hydrolytic enzymes sialidase and prolidase are positively associated with Interleukin-1ß.
No full textAbstract
OBJECTIVE: The objective of the study was to explore the mechanisms of local innate immunity induction and modulation in pregnant women with bacterial vaginosis (BV).
STUDY DESIGN: A total of 200 singleton pregnant women in early gestation (12 +/- 4 weeks) with BV (Nugent 7-10) without concurrent vaginal infections with Trichomonas vaginalis, Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, syphilis, and yeast. Concentrations of vaginal interleukin (IL)-1beta and IL-8, the number of neutrophils, and the levels of sialidase and prolidase hydrolytic enzymes were determined in vaginal fluid.
RESULTS: Concentrations of vaginal IL-1beta had a strong positive correlation with levels of sialidase (P < .001) and prolidase (P < .001). Conversely, such enzymes were negatively correlated with the ratio of IL-8/IL-1beta (both P < .001) and were not significantly associated with concentrations of IL-8. Notably, the number of vaginal neutrophils had a negative correlation with sialidase (P = .007).
CONCLUSION: The strong induction of IL-1beta in BV-positive women appears to be associated with the production of the hydrolytic enzymes sialidase and prolidase by BV-associated bacteria. However, these 2 enzymes may inhibit the expected amplification of the proinflammatory IL-1beta cascade as evaluated by the down-regulation of the IL-8/IL-1beta ratio. A blunted response to IL-1beta signals may cause the poor rise of neutrophils, which is peculiar to BV. This impairment of local defense may contribute to increased susceptibility to adverse outcomes in BV-positive pregnant women
Local Interleukin-1ß is Positively Associated with Microbial Enzymes, Sialidase and Prolidase Among Pregnant Women with Bacterial Vaginosis
No full textModulazione della proteina C-reattiva ad alta sensibilità dovuta a contraccettivi orali in giovani donne italiane
No full text
Variation in Nugent score and leukocyte count in fluid collected from different vaginal sites.
No full textEffects of third-generation oral contraceptives on high-sensitivity C-reactive protein and homocysteine in young women
No full textOBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of third-generation oral contraceptives on high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (CRP), homocysteine, and lipids levels in a population of young, fertile, nonobese women. METHODS: Blood markers were evaluated in 277 healthy white women (mean age 23 years and mean body-mass index 21 kg/m(2)). Seventy-seven oral contraceptive users were compared with 200 non-oral contraceptive users. Progressive cutoffs of high-sensitivity CRP and homocysteine levels were examined. RESULTS: Levels of high-sensitivity CRP posing a high risk of cardiovascular disease (3.0 to less than 10.0 mg/L) were found in 27.3% of oral contraceptive users and in 8.5% of non-oral contraceptive users (odds ratio 4.04; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.99-8.18). Levels of high-sensitivity CRP at intermediate risk (1.0 to less than 3.0 mg/L) were found in 32.5% of oral contraceptive users and in 11.0% of non-oral contraceptive users (odds ratio 3.89; 95% CI 2.03-7.46). Notably, non-oral contraceptive users were 8.65 (95% CI 4.39-17.1) times as likely to demonstrate a protective level of high-sensitivity CRP (less than 0.5 mg/L) compared with oral contraceptive users. Oral contraceptive use increased serum triglycerides (P<.001) and total cholesterol P=.001); however, high-density lipoprotein, not low-density lipoprotein, contributed to this increase. A decreased ratio of low-density lipoprotein to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol was observed in oral contraceptive users compared with nonusers (P=.016). Oral contraceptive use did not affect homocysteine levels. CONCLUSION: Third-generation oral contraceptive use increases low-grade inflammatory status measured by high-sensitivity CRP concentrations. Alteration of inflammatory status in oral contraceptive users could affect the risk of venous thromboembolism, cardiovascular disease, and other oral contraceptive-associated adverse conditions in young women
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