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Liao wen cui /
No full textCover title.On double leaves, oriental style, in case.Liao wen cui -- Liao shi yi wen zhi bu zheng --Xi Xia wen zhui -- Xi Xia yi wen zhi.Mode of access: Internet
Aphelenchoides paradalianensis Cui, Zhuo, Wang & Liao, 2011, n. sp.
No full textAphelenchoides paradalianensis n. sp. Figs. 1–3 = Aphelenchoides sp. HR 3 in Zhuo et al. 2010 Measurements. See Table 1. Female Male Material examined. Type material: Holotype female, 20 paratype females and 10 paratype males are deposited in the USDA Nematode Collection, Beltsville, Maryland; two paratype females in the University of California Nematode Collection, Riverside, California; two paratype females in the Canadian National Nematode Collection, Ottawa, Canada and two paratype females at CABI Bioscience, UK Centre, Surrey, UK. Other voucher specimens and cultures are available at the Plant Nematode Research Laboratory, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China. Description. Female. Body slender and ventrally curved when heat-relaxed, occasionally dorsally curved; annules fine. Lateral fields with four incisures in mid-body. Lip region rounded in lateral view, slightly offset, bearing 6 annules. Stylet 10–12.5 μm long, with small basal swellings, stylet cone comprising ca. 45 % of total stylet. Procorpus cylindrical, ca. 4–5 stylet lengths. Metacorpus oval, with conspicuous valve situated centrally. Nerve ring posterior to metacorpus. Excretory pore level with nerve ring or opposite the posterior level of the nerve ring, the position varying from 1 / 2 to 2 / 3 metacorpus length behind metacorpus. Hemizonid invisible. Pharyngo-intestinal junction immediately posterior to metacorpus. Pharyngeal glands overlapping intestine dorsally for ca. 3–5 body diameters. Monodelphic, ovary outstretched, locating left of intestine, occupying 30–50 % of body length, oocytes in two rows except in anterior part. Oviduct connecting ovary and spermatheca. Spermatheca oval, sperm present in some individuals. Crustaformeria ovate-oblong, posterior to spermatheca, visible in some individuals. Uterus with thick wall, posterior to crustaformeria. Vagina inclined anteriorly at ca. 45 ° to body axis, both anterior and posterior vulval lips slightly protruding, vulval flap absent. Postuterine sac short, 17.5–27.5 μm long, extending 12.9–19.3 % of vulva-anus distance, ca. 1–1.5 vulval body widths or 2–2.5 anal body widths long, sperm sometimes present. Tail conoid, terminus consisting of a short trunk bearing two finely rounded and smooth processes of unequal length. Male. Much less common than females; the ratio of males to females was about one to ten thousand. Body slender, posterior region curved ventrally when heat-relaxed. Anterior region and cuticle similar to female. Testis single, anteriorly outstretched, locating left of intestine, occupying 40–50 % of body length. Spicules smoothly curved, rosethorn-shaped, apex small, rounded. Rostrum short, rounded. Gubernaculum absent. Tail conoid, terminus with a small ventral papillae-like mucronate structure or a short trunk with two fine processes. Three pairs of subventral caudal papillae observed: one pair adanal, the second in the middle of tail, and the third subterminal. Bursal flap absent. Diagnosis and relationships. Aphelenchoides paradalianensis n. sp. is characterised by an unusual tail terminus (the female tail terminus possesses a short trunk with two processes, while the male tail terminus bears a small mucronate structure or just the same as the female), the slightly offset lip region with 6 annules, four incisures in the lateral field, short postuterine sac (extending ca. 13–20 % of vulva-anus distance), medium-sized spicules (14.1–18.6 μm), three pairs of caudal papillae. The new species appears morphologically most similar to A. dalianensis Cheng, Hao & Lin, 2009 because of female tail terminus shape, but the new species is distinguished from A. dalianensis by the size and shape of the male spicule (14.1–18.6 μm vs. 10–12.9 μm; slender vs. thick), the shape of male tail terminus (simple without any mucronate structure in A. dalianensis), shorter postuterine sac (extending for 12.9–19.3 % vs. ca. 25 % of vulvaanus distance, ca. 1–1.5 vulval body widths vs. ca. 2 vulval body widths), smaller female c ratio (14.6–17.7 vs. 17– 20.7). In addition, A. paradalianensis n. sp. is closely related to A. kungradensis Karimova, 1957, A. lilium Yokoo, 1964 and A. variacaudatus Ibrahim & Hooper, 1994 in having four lateral incisures in the lateral field and two mucronate structures on tail terminus of the female. The new species differs from A. kungradensis by the shape of female tail terminus (central section depressed in A. kungradensis), shorter postuterine sac (extending for 12.9– 19.3 % vs. ca. 43 % of vulva-anus distance; ca. 1–1.5 vulval body widths vs. ca. 3 vulval body widths; 2–2.5 anal body widths vs. ca. 5 anal body widths) and the presence of males. From A. lilium by the position of the excretory pore (level with nerve ring vs. obviously posterior to nerve ring), higher b ratio (6.2–7.9 vs. 3.5–4.2 in the female; 5.7–6.8 vs. 4.3–5.6 in the male), smaller T ratio (41.6–55.4 vs. 55.2–67.7) and the shorter body length (485–683 μm vs. 640–750 μm in the female; 393–514 μm vs. 600–800 μm in the male). From A. variacaudatus by the shape of female tail terminus (central section depressed in A. variacaudatus), position of the excretory pore (level with nerve ring, posterior to metacorpus vs. anterior to nerve ring, level with the metacorpus base), higher female a ratio (31.1–46.7 vs. 27.7–32.7), smaller female b ratio (6.2–7.9 vs. 8.6–10.9), smaller stylet length (10–12.5 μm vs. 12.7–14.6) and the presence of males. A. paradalianensis n. sp. is also close to A. goodeyi Siddiqi & Franklin, 1967, A. brevistylus Jain & Singh, 1984, A. parabicaudatus Shavrov, 1967, A. bimucronatus Nesterov, 1985, A. wallacei Singh, 1977 and A. bicaudatus (Imamura, 1931) Filipjev & Schuurmans Stekhoven, 1941, but the new species can be easily differentiated from these Aphelenchoides species. It differs from A. goodeyi by the shape of female tail terminus (with a short trunk bearing four fine hair-like spikes and somewhat spreading in A. goodeyi), shorter postuterine sac (ca. 1–1.5 vulval body widths vs. ca. 3 vulval body widths), and the presence of males and of sperm in the postuterine sac (both species were cultured on agar with fungi). From A. brevistylus by the number of lateral incisures (4 vs. 2), shorter postuterine sac (extending for 12.9–19.3 % vs. 33–66 % of vulva-anus distance), longer female stylet length (10–12.5 μm vs. 6–8 μm), higher female c ratio (14.6–17.7 vs. 11.1–15.7) and position of the excretory pore (level with nerve ring vs. anterior to nerve ring). From A. parabicaudatus by the shape of female tail terminus (central section constricted in A. parabicaudatus), longer female body length (485–683 μm vs. 310–350 μm), longer female stylet length (10–12.5 μm vs. 8 μm), higher a, c and V ratio (31.1–46.7 vs. 21.4–25 of a ratio; 14.6–17.7 vs. 10.5–12.7 of c ratio and 65–73.3 vs. 61–64 of V ratio) and position of the excretory pore (posterior to metacorpus vs. level with metacorpus). From A. bimucronatus by the number of lateral incisures (4 vs. 2), the size and shape of the male spicule (14.1–18.6 μm vs. 23.8 μm; slender vs. thick), shorter female stylet length (10–12.5 μm vs. 21.7 μm) and higher b ratio (6.2–7.9 vs. 3.4–3.6). From A. wallacei by the shape of female tail terminus (with a short trunk bearing three spikes in A. wallacei), higher a and c’ ratio (31.1–46.7 vs. 22–23 of a ratio and 3.3–4 vs. 2–2.5 of c’ ratio), shorter postuterine sac (ca. 1–1.5 vulval body widths vs. ca. 2 vulval body widths), shorter female body length (485–683 μm vs. 690–730 μm), shorter female stylet length (10–12.5 μm vs. 13.5–14 μm) and the shorter male spicule (14.1–18.6 μm vs. 26 μm). From A. bicaudatus by the shape of female tail terminus (central section constricted in A. bicaudatus), the number of lateral incisures (4 vs. 2), the shorter female tail length (30–40 μm vs. 50 μm; 14.6–17.7 vs. 9.4–12.6 of c ratio and 3.3–4 vs. 4.5–5 of c’ ratio). Type locality and habitat. Type specimens were obtained from a two-week-old culture on Pestalotia sp. The culture was initiated from one female of A. paradalianensis n. sp., which were collected in September 2009 from solid wooden packaging materials exported from South Korea. Etymology. The specific epithet was chosen because the new species is similar morphologically to A. dalianensis. Molecular profiles. Amplification of the ITS region, the near full-length 18 S rDNA and partial mitochondrial COI genes resulted in PCR products of 961 bp, 1707 bp and 710 bp respectively. The closest sequences to these three molecular regions were A. ritzemabosi (EU 186067, EU 186068), A. besseyi (EU 186069), A. sp. (FJ 768943) and A. dalianensis (Cheng et al. 2009) for ITS region; A. sp. (GU 337994), A. sp. (GU 337995), A. besseyi (AY 508035) and A. ritzemabosi (DQ 901554) for 18 S rDNA; A. sp. (GU 367860), A. sp. (GU 367866) and A. sp. (GU 367863) for partial mtCOI. The sequence identities of A. paradalianensis n. sp. and A. dalianensis (the closest species in morphology) are 81 % (651 / 809) with 71 gaps (8.8 %) in the ITS region.Published as part of Cui, Ruqiang, Zhuo, Kan, Wang, Honghong & Liao, Jinling, 2011, Aphelenchoides paradalianensis n. sp. (Nematoda: Aphelenchoididae) isolated at Guangzhou, China, in packaging wood from South Korea, pp. 57-64 in Zootaxa 2864 on pages 58-63, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.20198
Aphelenchoides paradalianensis n. sp. (Nematoda: Aphelenchoididae) isolated at Guangzhou, China, in packaging wood from South Korea
No full textCui, Ruqiang, Zhuo, Kan, Wang, Honghong, Liao, Jinling (2011): Aphelenchoides paradalianensis n. sp. (Nematoda: Aphelenchoididae) isolated at Guangzhou, China, in packaging wood from South Korea. Zootaxa 2864: 57-64, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.20198
[[alternative]]The Folklore Subjects in Liao, Shiou-Ping's "Gate" Series
No full text[[abstract]]Being the introducer of modern-day printmaking techniques to Taiwan, Shiou-Ping Liao (1936-) has been praised as "Father of Prints in Taiwan". However, besides his highly commended contribution to the popularization of printmaking in Taiwan, Liao's special painting style is also worth further investigation and research. This thesis will focus on the "Gate" series (1966-72) on which Liao first established his unique personal artistic style. The author also tried to decipher the meanings of those folk icons used in this series and the implied meanings of using those folk subjects.
To understand how Liao created the "Gate" series and what folk subjects mean to the "Gate" series and the time, we should first understand the time when Liao started his painting career. Chapter 1 will first introduce the situation of the post-war Taiwanese artistic circles during the 1950's and 60's, and also the first half of the 60's of Japanese art circles. How the "Gate" series was created by Liao when he stayed in Paris (1965-68) is explained in Chapter 2. As for the folk art subjects, which are the most important part of the series and the sources of its geometric styles, were investigated in Chapter 3 and 4. The folk subjects in the series include: door god, paper money, Chinese decorative patterns, new year couplets and the colors used in traditional architectural paintings in Taiwan. Chapter 3 will first discuss where did these folk subjects come from, what did they mean, what are their traditional shapes, and when were they used. Then we analyze which characteristics were used in the series and what were derived or respond to their traditional meanings. Chapter 4 points out the close relation between traditional folk art styles and the abstract geometric style of the "Gate" series. Besides, it makes further explanation about the distinct difference between the "Gate" series' geometric abstraction and the 1960's Post Painterly Abstraction in America.
The conclusive Chapter 5 investigates the background of the "Gate" series to understand the inheritance of the Taiwan folk subjects in this series from the "Local Color" idea in the Japan ruling times. Furthermore, the trend of modernization of Taiwan fine arts in 60's also influences the using of folk subjects in "Gate" series. The performance and importance of the "Gate" series is thus concluded.
FIGURE 1. Hirschmanniella shamimi intersex. a in First record of female intersex in Hirschmanniella shamimi Ahmad, 1972 (Nematoda: Pratylenchidae), with a checklist of intersexes in plant nematodes
No full textFIGURE 1. Hirschmanniella shamimi intersex. a, entire body (HSI1); b, posterior half (HSI2)Published as part of Zhuo, Kan, Liao, Jinling, Cui, Ruqiang & Li, Yuzhong, 2009, First record of female intersex in Hirschmanniella shamimi Ahmad, 1972 (Nematoda: Pratylenchidae), with a checklist of intersexes in plant nematodes, pp. 61-68 in Zootaxa 1973 on page 63, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.18509
FIGURE 3 in Aphelenchoides paradalianensis n. sp. (Nematoda: Aphelenchoididae) isolated at Guangzhou, China, in packaging wood from South Korea
No full textFIGURE 3. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) observation of Aphelenchoides paradalianensis n. sp. A: Female head; B: Lateral field;. C: Female tail; D–F: Female tail tip.Published as part of Cui, Ruqiang, Zhuo, Kan, Wang, Honghong & Liao, Jinling, 2011, Aphelenchoides paradalianensis n. sp. (Nematoda: Aphelenchoididae) isolated at Guangzhou, China, in packaging wood from South Korea, pp. 57-64 in Zootaxa 2864 on page 62, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.20198
FIGURE 2. Hirschmanniella shamimi intersex. a in First record of female intersex in Hirschmanniella shamimi Ahmad, 1972 (Nematoda: Pratylenchidae), with a checklist of intersexes in plant nematodes
No full textFIGURE 2. Hirschmanniella shamimi intersex. a, anterior region (HSI1); b, posterior half with vulva and spicule (HSI1), vulva and spicule showed by an arrow respectively; c, anterior genital branch of gonads (HSI1); d, tail (HSI1), showing spicule without bursa; e, anterior genital branch of gonads (HSI2); f, tail (HSI2), showing spicule and bursa.Published as part of Zhuo, Kan, Liao, Jinling, Cui, Ruqiang & Li, Yuzhong, 2009, First record of female intersex in Hirschmanniella shamimi Ahmad, 1972 (Nematoda: Pratylenchidae), with a checklist of intersexes in plant nematodes, pp. 61-68 in Zootaxa 1973 on page 64, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.18509
Semi-automated Quantitative Morphometric Analysis of E18 Rat Hippocampal Neurons from 0.5 to 6 Days In Vitro
No full textThis is the dataset presented in "Semi-automated quantitatve evaluation of neuron developmental morphology in vitro using the change-point test" by AS Liao, W Cui, V Webster-Wood, and YJ Zhang (submitted to Neuroinformatics 2022).This material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship Program under Grant No. DGE1745016, the Faculty Early Career Development Program under Grant No. ECCS-2044785 and the LEAP HI Program under Grant No. CMMI-1953323. The authors were also supported in part by a PITA (Pennsylvania Infrastructure Technology Alliance) grant and a PMFI (Pennsylvania Manufacturing Fellows Initiative) grant. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Science Foundation
Between environmental literature and ocean literature, Syaman Rapongan and Liao Hongji
No full textThe subject of the bachelor thesis is a literary analysis of selected works with oceanic subject matter by contemporary Taiwanese authors Syaman Rapongan (*1957) and Liao Hongji (*1957). Rapongan's novel The Eyes of the Sky (2012) and Liao Hongji's short story cycle Fishermen (1996) will be presented in the broader context of "bentu literature" (bentu wenxue; i.e., local Taiwanese literature) and closely related environmental and ocean literature. In the analytical part, the author will focus on the motivic construction in the work of Rapongan and Liao in relation to ocean and environmental themes. The main focus will be on the differences in the conception of the ocean and marine culture in Rapongan's work as a member of the indigenous tribe Tao, and Liao Hongji, whose origin is Han. The thesis further examines whether and how environmental and oceanic literature overlap, using Wu Mingyi's definition of environmental literature. Keywords Syaman Rapongan, Liao Hongji, ocean literature, environmental literature, bentu wenxu
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