21,986 research outputs found
Early cellular changes after blockage of chaperone-mediated autophagy
No full textCytosolic proteins can be selectively degraded in lysosomes by chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA), an autophagic pathway maximally activated under stress. In previous works we have demonstrated the existence of a cross-talk between CMA and macroautophagy, the other stress-related autophagic pathway responsible for the "in bulk" degradation of whole regions of the cytosol and for organelle turnover. We found that chronic blockage of CMA, as the one described in aging cells, results in constitutive activation of macroautophagy, supporting that one pathway may compensate for the other. In this work we have investigated the series of early cellular events that precede the activation of macroautophagy upon CMA blockage and the consequences of this blockage on cellular homeostasis. Shortly after CMA blockage, we have found functional alterations in macroautophagy and the ubiquitin-proteasome system, that are progressively corrected as CMA blockage persists. Basal macroautophagic activity remains initially unaltered, but we observed a delay in its activation in response to serum removal, a well characterized inducer for this pathway. Slower degradation of short-lived proteins, and a transient decrease in some of the proteasome proteolytic activities are also evident in the first stages of CMA blockage. This global alteration of the proteolytic systems supports the coordinated functioning of all of them, and seems responsible for the intracellular accumulation of altered proteins. Based on the time-course of the cellular changes, we propose that a minimal threshold of these toxic products needs to accumulate in order to constitutively activate macroautophagy and thus return cellular homeostasis to normal
Guidelines for the use and interpretation of assays for monitoring autophagy in higher eukaryotes
No full textProtecting Animals 36: Author Witi Ihimaera
No full textIn this very special episode of Knowing Animals I am joined by beloved New Zealand author Witi Ihimaera. Witi has written many books featuring nonhuman animals. He offers us a non-colonial lens through which to think about the human/nonhuman relationship
Central nervous system tumors in pediatric population from 0 to 14 years
No full textIntroducción: Los tumores pediátricos primarios del sistema nervioso central (SNC), ocupan el segundo lugar en frecuencia, superados solamente por las neoplasias hematológicas. Objetivo: Realizar una revisión y análisis de la literatura médica existente sobre tumores del SNC en población entre los 0 y 14 años centrado en la epidemiologia, factores etiológicos, manifestaciones clÍnicas y diagnóstico. MetodologÍa: Se realizó una búsqueda en las bases de datos PubMed, MedlinePlus, BIREME y red interna de trabajos de grados y tesis de la Universidad Industrial de Santander. Además, se realizó revisión de las páginas de los entes gubernamentales encargados del registro epidemiológico sobre cáncer nacional e internacional. Resultados: Los tumores de SNC en la población pediátrica son la segunda causa de muerte infantil solo superado por la leucemia; tienen una clÍnica y factores etiológicos bien establecidos. La epidemiologÍa no difiere en el mundo. Los sÍntomas más frecuentes son vómito, cefalea, ataxia, sÍntomas visuales y alteraciones motoras. Los factores etiológicos más representativos son virus, sÍndromes genéticos, infecciones maternas y perinatales, exposición a radiación electromagnética e ionizante; algunos son muy discutidos como la presencia de trauma al momento del nacimiento. Además, existen documentados factores protectores tales como consumo de antioxidantes, frutas y verduras, e historia reportada de alergias. Conclusiones: El adecuado entrenamiento a los médicos de atención primaria en la identificación de los signos y sÍntomas para la sospecha y diagnóstico de los estadios iniciales de estos tumores pueden disminuir los Índices de mortalidad. [Nieves-Cuervo GM, Manrique-Hernández EF, Ojeda-Rincón SA, Galvis-Pabón S. Tumores del sistema nervioso central en población pediátrica entre 0 y 14 años. MedUNAB 2016; 19 (2): 124-133]Introduction: The primary pediatric tumors of the central nervous system (CNS) rank second in frequency, only surpassed by hematological malignancies. Objective. Conduct a review and analysis of existing literature on CNS tumors in population between 0 and 14 focused on the epidemiology, etiological factors, clinical manifestations, and diagnosis. Methodology: The search for articles was conducted using the databases PubMed, MedLinePlus, BIREME and intranet degrees and thesis work of the Universidad Industrial de Santander. Further review of the pages from government agencies in charge of epidemiological registry of cancer was made. Results: CNS tumors in pediatric population are the second leading cause of infant death second only to leukemia, have a clinic and etiological factors well established. The epidemiology don´t differs in the world. The most common symptoms are vomiting, headache, ataxia, visual symptoms and motor disturbances. The most representative etiologic factors are viruses, genetic syndromes, maternal and perinatal infections, exposure to electromagnetic and ionizing radiation, some others are discussed as the presence of trauma at birth. There are also documented protective factors such as consumption of antioxidant, fruits and vegetables, and reported history of allergies. Conclusions: The adequate training of primary care physicians in the identification of signs and symptoms for suspicion and diagnosis of the initial stages of these tumors can reduce mortality rates. [Nieves-Cuervo GM, Manrique-Hernández EF, Ojeda-Rincón SA, Galvis-Pabón S. Central nervous system tumors in pediatric population from 0 to 14 years. MedUNAB 2016; 19 (2): 124-133]
I Think I Am Philip K. Dick
No full textFor years, noted writer Laurence A. Rickels often found himself compared to novelist Philip K. Dickthough in fact Rickels had never read any of the science fiction writers work. When he finally read his first Philip K. Dick novel, while researching for his recent book The Devil Notebooks , it prompted a prolonged immersion in Dicks writing as well as a recognition of Rickelss own long-documented intellectual pursuits. The result of this engagement is I Think I Am: Philip K. Dick , a profound thought experiment that charts the wide relevance of the pulp sci-fi author and paranoid visionary. I Think I Am: Philip K. Dick explores the science fiction authors meditations on psychic reality and psychosis, Christian mysticism, Eastern religion, and modern spiritualism. Covering all of Dicks science fiction, Rickels corrects the lack of scholarly interest in the legendary Californian author and, ultimately, makes a compelling case for the philosophical and psychoanalytic significance of Philip K. Dicks popular and influential science fiction.Intro -- Contents -- Introjection -- Part I -- Endopsychic Allegories -- Schreber Guardian -- Belief System Surveillance -- Part II -- Deeper Problems -- Veil of Tears -- Go West -- Dick Manfred -- Timing -- Glimmung -- Part III -- Spiritualism Analogy -- Imitating the Dead -- Indexical Layer -- Ilse -- Hammers and Things -- Crucifictions -- Over There -- Martyrology -- Can't Live, Can't Live -- Lola -- Umwelt, Mitwelt, and Eigenwelt -- Outer Race -- The German Introject -- Part IV -- Materialism, Idealism, and Cybernetics -- Startling Stories -- A Couple of Years -- Android Empathy -- Homunculus and Robot -- ALL OF YOU ARE DEAD. I AM ALIVE. -- Go with the Flow -- Part V -- Room for Thought -- Caduceus -- Jump -- Still -- A Wake -- Spätwerk -- Let the Dead Be -- Play Bally -- Das Hund -- Notes -- BibliographyFor years, noted writer Laurence A. Rickels often found himself compared to novelist Philip K. Dickthough in fact Rickels had never read any of the science fiction writers work. When he finally read his first Philip K. Dick novel, while researching for his recent book The Devil Notebooks , it prompted a prolonged immersion in Dicks writing as well as a recognition of Rickelss own long-documented intellectual pursuits. The result of this engagement is I Think I Am: Philip K. Dick , a profound thought experiment that charts the wide relevance of the pulp sci-fi author and paranoid visionary. I Think I Am: Philip K. Dick explores the science fiction authors meditations on psychic reality and psychosis, Christian mysticism, Eastern religion, and modern spiritualism. Covering all of Dicks science fiction, Rickels corrects the lack of scholarly interest in the legendary Californian author and, ultimately, makes a compelling case for the philosophical and psychoanalytic significance of Philip K. Dicks popular and influential science fiction.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
ANALISIS DE LA REFORMA EDUCATIVA EN LA EDUCACION SECUNDARIA EN MEXICO E IMPLICACIONES DEL NUEVO PLAN DE ESTUDIOS EN LA MATERIA DE CIENCIAS II
No full textIn Mexico, the educative reform that has been taking effect gradually in the secondary education from 2005, has
eliminated some matters and created other that they concentrate in a single degree of studies the subjects of the
education basic, waking up changes that represent a challenge for teachers, who besides to adapt to new academic
loads, they face an approach different in the treatment from the new subjects. Beyond the conflicts that all reform can
generate, the present paper is not a political or social analysis, but it approaches some differences between authorities
of Secretaría de Educación Pública (SEP) and teachers, studying the implications of new curriculum of Sciences II
(Physics)
ANALISIS DE LA REFORMA EDUCATIVA EN LA EDUCACION SECUNDARIA EN MEXICO E IMPLICACIONES DEL NUEVO PLAN DE ESTUDIOS EN LA MATERIA DE CIENCIAS II
No full textIn Mexico, the educative reform that has been taking effect gradually in the secondary education from 2005, has
eliminated some matters and created other that they concentrate in a single degree of studies the subjects of the
education basic, waking up changes that represent a challenge for teachers, who besides to adapt to new academic
loads, they face an approach different in the treatment from the new subjects. Beyond the conflicts that all reform can
generate, the present paper is not a political or social analysis, but it approaches some differences between authorities
of Secretaría de Educación Pública (SEP) and teachers, studying the implications of new curriculum of Sciences II
(Physics).Centro de Investigación en Ciencia Aplicada y Tecnología Avanzada,Instituto Politécnico Nacional. Instituto de Humanidades y Ciencias. SNI-CONACyT, COFAA y EDI del IPN
Liftings for noncomplete probability spaces
No full textThe current state of knowledge concerning liftings for noncomplete probability spaces is discussed. This is a somewhat expanded version of the author's talk given at the 1991 Summer Conference on General Topology and Applications in Honor of Mary Ellen Rudin and Her Work.PT: S; CR: BURKE MR, IN PRESS P AM MATH S BURKE MR, 1991, ISRAEL J MATH, V73, P33 BURKE MR, 1992, ISRAEL J MATH, V79, P289 CARLSON T, THEOREM LIFTING CHRISTENSEN JPR, 1974, TOPOLOGY BOREL STRUC FREMLIN DH, 1989, HDB BOOLEAN ALGEBRAS, P877 INOESCUTULCEA A, 1966, 5TH P BERK S MATH ST, V2 IONESCUTULCEA A, 1967, CONTRIBUTIONS PROB 1, P63 IONESCUTULCEA A, 1969, TOPICS THEORY LIFTIN JECH TJ, 1978, SET THEORY JOHNSON RA, 1980, P AM MATH SOC, V80, P234 JUST W, IN PRESS T AM MATH S KUPKA J, 1983, INDIANA U MATH J, V32, P717 LOSERT V, 1983, LNM, V1080, P95 MAHARAM D, 1958, P AM MATH SOC, V9, P987 SHELAH S, 1983, ISRAEL J MATH, V45, P90 TALAGRAND M, 1982, P AM MATH SOC, V84, P379 VONNEUMANN J, 1931, CRELLES J MATH, V165, P109; NR: 18; TC: 0; J9: ANN N Y ACAD SCI; PG: 4; GA: BZ86BSource type: Electronic(1
Microautophagy of cytosolic proteins by late endosomes.
No full textAutophagy delivers cytosolic components to lysosomes for their degradation. The delivery of autophagic cargo to late endosomes for complete or partial degradation has also been described. In this report we present evidence that distinct autophagic mechanisms control cytosolic protein delivery to late endosomes and identify a microautophagy-like process that delivers soluble cytosolic proteins to the vesicles of late endosomes/multivesicular bodies (MVBs). This microautophagy-like process has selectivity and is distinct from chaperone-mediated autophagy that occurs in lysosomes. Endosomal microautophagy occurs during MVB formation, relying on the ESCRT I and III systems for formation of the vesicles in which the cytosolic cargo is internalized. Protein cargo selection is mediated by the chaperone hsc70 and requires the cationic domain of hsc70 for electrostatic interactions with the endosomal membrane. Therefore, we propose that endosomal microautophagy shares molecular components with both the endocytic and autophagic pathways
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