195,816 research outputs found
Entrevista de historia oral con José Rafael Cruz Ortiz, 9 de marzo de 2022
No full textJosé Rafael Cruz Ortiz, a 22 year-old student from the University of Puerto Rico at Mayaguez, tells us the story of how he endured the Hurricane Maria catastrophe, numerous protests, and the pandemic whilst still trying to succeed as a student.José Rafael Cruz Ortiz, un estudiante de 22 años de la Universidad de Puerto Rico en Mayagüez, nos cuenta la historia de cómo pasó la catástrofe del huracán María, numerosas protestas y la pandemia mientras aún intentaba tener éxito como estudiante.This work was created as part of the project “Listening to Puerto Rico: The Promise of Oral History On-Campus and Beyond,” funded by the National Endowment for the Humanities, Award number ZDH-284106-22
THE FIRST PRIVATIZATION POLICY IN A DEMOCRACY: SELLING STATE-OWNED ENTERPRISES IN 1948-1950 PUERTO RICO.
No full textIn the 1940s, when the Governor of Puerto Rico was appointed by the US President and the Puerto Rican government was answerable only to the US Federal government, a large state-owned enterprise (SOE) sector was established on the island. Public services such as water, transportation and energy were nationalized, and several new manufacturing SOEs were created to produce cement, glass, shoes, paper and chalkboard, and clay products. These enterprises were created and managed by government-owned corporations. Later on, between 1948 and 1950, under the island’s first elected Governor, the government sold these SOEs to private groups. This paper documents both the creation and the privatization of the SOE sector in Puerto Rico, and analyzes the role played by ideology, political interests, and economic concerns in the decision to privatize them. Whereas ideological factors might have played a significant role in the building of the SOE sector, we find that privatization was driven basically by economic factors, such as the superior efficiency of private firms in the sectors where the SOEs operated, and by the desire to attract private industrial investment to the Puerto Rican economy.Public enterprise, Privatization, Industrial policy,Puerto Rico.
Nonparametric Efficiency Analysis for Coffee Farms in Puerto Rico
No full textCoffee production in Puerto Rico is labor intensive since harvest is done by hand for quality and topography conditions. Färe's nonparametric approach was used to estimate technical, allocative, scale and overall efficiency measures for coffee farms in Puerto Rico during the 2000 to 2004 period. On average Puerto Rico coffee farms were 46% technically efficient, 79% scale efficient, and 74% allocatively efficient.coffee production, nonparametric efficiency, Crop Production/Industries, Research Methods/ Statistical Methods,
Labor Outflows and Labor Inflows in Puerto Rico
No full textAlthough a sizable fraction of the Puerto Rican-born population moved to the United States, the island also received large inflows of persons born outside Puerto Rico. Hence Puerto Rico provides a unique setting for examining how labor inflows and outflows coexist, and measuring the mirror-image wage impact of these flows. The study yields two findings. First, the skills of the out-migrants differ from those of the in-migrants. Puerto Rico attracts high-skill in-migrants and exports low-skill workers. Second, the two flows have opposing effects on wages: in-migrants lower the wage of competing workers and out-migrants increase the wage.
Education and Intergenerational Mobility: Evidence from a Natural Experiment in Purerto Rico
No full textThe existence of intergenerational spillovers to public investments in schooling is often assumed in policy discussions regarding economic development. However, few studies to date have forwarded convincing evidence that externalities exist for developing countries. In this paper, we address this issue using the arguably exogenous schooling consequences of a major hurricane strike on Puerto Rico in the 1950s. Using data from the US. Census of Population for Puerto Rico, we first find that individuals on to margin of school entry at the time of the storm and residing in the most exposed regions of the island had significantly lower levels of education as adults than their counterparts in less exposed regions. Using the interaction of wind speed and age at the time of the storm as an instrument, we then find that maternal education is related to the probability that a child speaks English. Our estimates imply an additional year of education raise the probability that a child speaks English by between 4.3 and 4.5 percentage points, c approximately 24 to 28 percent. We find no conclusive evidence that parental education increases the probability that a child is enrolled, literate, or in an age-appropriate grad, On balance, these findings suggest that education is responsible at least in part for the persistence of human capital across generations.education, intergenerational mobility, natural experiment, hurricane
Cross-shelf habitat utilization patterns of reef fishes in southwestern Puerto Rico
No full textIn June 2000, the National Ocean Service and University of Puerto Rico initiated a long-term reef-fish-monitoring program in La Parguera, Puerto Rico. Objectives of this ongoing work are to: 1) develop spatially-explicit estimates of reef fish habitat utilization patterns to aid in defining essential habitats, and 2) provide a quantitative and ecologically sound foundation to delineate marine reserve boundaries. Central to this effort are recently completed digital and georeferenced benthic habitat maps for the near-shore waters of Puerto Rico. The GIS-based map served as a framework for development of a spatially stratified reef-fish-monitoring program across the shelf. Simultaneous collections of fish size and abundance data, and micro-scale habitat distribution and quality data were taken along a 25 x 4 m transect for each monitoring station. Sampling included coral reef, mangrove, and seagrass habitats within three cross-shelf zones unique to the insular shelf of La Parguera (inner lagoon, outer lagoon, and bank-shelf). A total of 106 stations were surveyed during the first year of sampling. Over 50,000 fishes, representing 123 species and 36 families were counted. Analyses showed clear patterns of habitat utilization across the seascape, and ontogenetic shifts in habitat selection within some species. Results also indicated that habitat type was more important than cross-shelf location in determining spatial patterns among reef fishes in the study area. Mesoscale spatially-explicit logistic models were developed to estimate distribution and expected density of some species among habitats
Breve exposicion de la regla de N. P. San Francisco : en que se compendia lo que deben saber los Novicios ... : con una sucinta noticia de la Oracion Mental
No full textO impresor Andrés García Rico traballa en Salamanca ca. 1782-1789Sign.: A-M\p8\s, []\p3\s, F-G\p8\
HUMAN, CANINE AND EQUINE (EQUUS-CABALLUS) LEISHMANIASIS DUE TO LEISHMANIA-BRAZILIENSIS (= LEISHMANIA-BRAZILIENSIS-BRAZI.) IN THE SOUTH-WEST REGION OF SAO-PAULO STATE, BRAZIL
No full textINST OSWALDO CRUZ,BR-20001 RIO DE JANEIRO,RJ,BRAZILINST BUTANTAN,SAO PAULO,SP,BRAZILUNIV ESTADUAL PAULISTA JULIO MESQUITA FILHO,FMB,BOTUCATU,SP,BRAZILUNIV ESTADUAL PAULISTA JULIO MESQUITA FILHO,FMB,BOTUCATU,SP,BRAZI
Inactivation of Plasmodium falciparum Parasites Using g-irradiation
No full textFundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Departamento de Imunologia. Laboratório de Pesquisas em Malária. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Departamento de Imunologia. Laboratório de Pesquisas em Malária. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Departamento de Imunologia. Laboratório de Pesquisas em Malária. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Universidade Federal de Pernambuco. Faculdade de Ciências Médicas. Recife, PE, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Departamento de Imunologia. Laboratório de Pesquisas em Malária. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
Determining the age-size relationship of Panulirus argus in the southwest area of Puerto Rico
No full textThe Caribbean Spiny Lobster, alongside the queen conch, holds the highest economic value in Puerto Rico's fisheries. Given its considerable importance in commercial fishing, there are concerns regarding its potential overexploitation. Accurate information regarding the Caribbean Spiny Lobster population is crucial for conducting stock assessments. Parameters such as size, weight, age, and growth are vital for comprehending the dynamics of a population. This study aimed to estimate the age structure of P. argus in southwest Puerto Rico using ossicles and to establish length-age and weight-age relationships critical for stock assessment. A total of 100 lobsters were collected across southwest Puerto Rico and processed for aging using ossicles, but only 35 lobsters yielded consistent ages with high confidence between readers. Carapace lengths ranged from 60 to 140 mm, weights ranged from 191 to 1945 g, and ages ranged from 1.5 to 6.5 years across all lobsters with no detectable differences between male and female lobsters. Despite the uncertainty around the estimates of age with only 35 samples, this study shows great potential to determine age in P. argus and contribute valuable data for stock assessments and the management of this population. Results showed positive relationships between age and carapace length, age and weight, and carapace length and weight. Von Bertalanffy growth models indicated varying growth rates and maximum lengths among different populations around the Caribbean. While this method benefits higher latitude populations, its application in the Caribbean warrant’s further investigation. The study's findings contribute valuable data for stock assessments and management of P. argus in Puerto Rico, highlighting the need for continued research and collaboration for sustainable fisheries management.La langosta espinosa caribeña, junto con el Carrucho, tiene el mayor valor económico en las pesquerías de Puerto Rico. Dada su importancia en la pesca comercial, existen preocupaciones sobre su posible sobrepesca. La información sobre la población de langosta espinosa caribeña es crucial para realizar evaluaciones de poblaciones. Parámetros como el tamaño, el peso, la edad y el crecimiento son esenciales para comprender la dinámica de una población. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo estimar la estructura de edades de P. argus en el suroeste de Puerto Rico usando osículos para establecer relaciones longitud-edad y peso-edad. Se recolectaron un total de 100 langostas en todo el suroeste de Puerto Rico y se procesaron para determinar su edad utilizando osículos, pero solo 35 langostas arrojaron edades consistentes con alta confianza entre los lectores. Las longitudes del caparazón oscilaron entre 60 y 140 mm, los pesos oscilaron entre 191 y 1945 g, y las edades oscilaron entre 1.5 y 6.5 años en todas las langostas sin diferencias detectables entre langostas macho y hembra. A pesar de la incertidumbre en torno a las estimaciones de edad con solo 35 muestras, este estudio muestra un gran potencial para determinar la edad en P. argus y contribuir con datos valiosos para evaluaciones de existencias y el manejo de esta población. Los análisis preliminares revelaron discrepancias en las estimaciones de edad entre los lectores y las calidades de las imágenes, lo que requirió un filtrado riguroso de los datos. Los resultados mostraron relaciones positivas entre la edad y la longitud del carapacho, la edad y el peso, y la longitud del carapacho y el peso. Los modelos de crecimiento de Von Bertalanffy indicaron diferentes tasas de crecimiento y longitudes máximas entre diferentes poblaciones alrededor del Caribe. Si bien este método beneficia a las poblaciones de latitudes más altas, su aplicación en el Caribe justifica una mayor investigación. Los hallazgos del estudio aportan datos valiosos para las evaluaciones y el manejo de las poblaciones de P. argus en Puerto Rico, destacando la necesidad de investigación y colaboración continuas para el manejo pesquero sustentable.Spring202
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