190,883 research outputs found
RV Ronald H. Brown Cruise RB1201, 15 Feb - 05 Mar 2012. RAPID moorings cruise report
No full textThis report describes the UK mooring operations conducted during RV Ronald H. Brown cruise RB1201 between 15 February and 5 March 2012. These mooring operations were completed as part of the United Kingdom Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) funded RAPID-WATCH Programme to monitor the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (MOC) at 26.5°N.This cruise was a joint cruise between staff from the NERC and staff from the US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)’s Atlantic Oceanographic and Meterological Laboratory (AOML) in Miami. The primary purpose on this cruise for the UK team was to service the RAPID Western Boundary moorings while the US team worked on the NOAA Western Boundary Time Series project.Cruise RB1201 was from Charleston, South Carolina, USA to Charleston, South Carolina, USA and covered the Western Boundary moorings deployed on cruise KN200-4 in 2011 and landers deployed on cruise OC459 in 2010. This cruise was the ninth refurbishment (following initial deployment in 2004) of the Western Boundary section of an array of moorings deployed across the Atlantic in order to continuously observe the MOC. This array will be further refined and refurbished during subsequent years.The instruments deployed on the array consist of a variety of current meters, bottom pressure recorders, and CTD loggers, which, combined with time series measurements of the Florida Straits Current and wind stress estimates, will be used to determine the strength and structure of the MOC at 26.5°N.(http://www.noc.soton.ac.uk/rapid
RRS Discovery Cruise D324, 06 Oct-09 Nov 2007. RAPID Mooring Cruise Report
No full textThis report describes the mooring operations and underway measurements conducted during RRS Discovery Cruise D324 conducted between 6th October 2007 and 9th November 2007. This cruise was completed as part of the United Kingdom Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) funded RAPID Programme to monitor the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation at 26.5ºN. The primary purpose of this cruise was to service the Eastern Boundary and Mid-Atlantic ridge sections of the 26.5ºN mooring array. The array was first deployed in 2004 during RRS Discovery cruises D277 and D278 (SOC cruise report number 53), and serviced in 2005 during RRS Charles Darwin Cruise CD170 and RV Knorr Cruise KN182-2 (NOCS cruise report number 2), RRS Charles Darwin Cruise CD177 (NOCS cruise report number 5), in 2006 on RV Ronald H. Brown Cruise RB0602, RRS Discovery Cruise D304 (NOCS cruise report number 16) and FS Poseidon Cruises P343 and P345 (NOCS cruise report number 28), and in 2007 on RV Ronald H. Brown Cruise RB0701 (NOCS cruise report number 29). Cruise D324 had two legs with the first a transit from Falmouth, UK to Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Tenerife and the second sailing from, and returning to, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Tenerife. The moorings serviced on this cruise were deployed on D304, P343 and P345, along with two landers deployed on CD170. The Rapid-MOC array of moorings was deployed across the Atlantic to set up a pre- operational prototype system to continuously observe the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (MOC). This array will be further refined and refurbished during subsequent years as part of the Rapid-WATCH programme. The instrumentation deployed on the array consists of a variety of CTD loggers, current meters, bottom pressure recorders, and Inverted Echo-sounders, which, combined with time series measurements of the Florida Current and wind stress estimates, can be used to determine the strength and structure of the MOC at 26.5ºN
RRS Discovery Cruise D334, 27 Oct-24 Nov 2008. RAPID Mooring Cruise Report
No full textThis report describes the mooring and underway operations conducted during RRS Discovery cruise D334 between 27 October and 24 November 2008. These mooring operations were completed as a part of the United Kingdom Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) funded RAPID Programme to monitor the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation at 26.5°N. The primary purpose of this cruise was to service the Eastern Boundary and Mid-Atlantic Ridge sections of the 26.5°N mooring array first deployed during RRS Discovery cruises D277 and D278 (SOC cruise report number 53), and serviced in 2005 during RRS Charles Darwin cruise CD177 (NOCS cruise report number 5), in 2006 on RRS Discovery cruise D304 (NOCS cruise report number 16) and FS Poseidon cruises P343 and P345 (NOCS cruise report number 28) and in 2007 on RRS Discovery cruise D324 (NOCS cruise report number 34). Cruise D334 started and finished in Tenerife, Spain and covered the Eastern Boundary and Mid-Atlantic Ridge moorings deployed on D324 and P343. This cruise was the fourth annual refurbishment of the Eastern Boundary and Mid-Atlantic Ridge sections of the mooring array. The array will be further refined and refurbished during subsequent years. The instruments deployed consist of a variety of current meters, bottom pressure recorders, CTD loggers and Inverted Echosounders, which, combined with time series measurements of the Florida Straits current and wind stress estimates, will be used to determine the strength and structure of the MOC at 26.5°N. (http://www.noc.soton.ac.uk/rapidmoc
A Metaphorical Exploration of Work, Life and Community On-Board Cruise Ships: A Hospitality Perspective
No full textThis research provides a sociological understanding of front line hospitality staff, focusing particularly on waiters and pursers employed on cruise ships. Its purpose is to evaluate the complexities and richness of their work and social experiences as they negotiate, create and justify their identities and community formations in the unique and under-researched environment of a cruise ship. Conceptually, the research investigates the inevitable and inextricable links between identity, work and community to explore their perceptions of themselves, others and their world. Being part of a wider research project, this paper metaphorically explores twenty semi-structured interviews to creatively gather an “insider’s” view of the participants’ work, community and cruise ship environment. Ultimately, a metaphor can be used as a porthole into self image, guided by the framework of the cruise ship to help construct meaning. Therefore, the metaphors used by participants were not a method to explain the organisation, but rather how the members come to understand themselves within the organisation. What is clear from this study is that all participants created a ship-based identity, which was different from how they perceived themselves on land.
Being an environment that is unique, workers have to adapt, adopt and sacrifice - their previous identity has to be reshaped to meet the criteria of the place and system of the ship. Waiters were significantly more likely to define themselves and their world based upon their occupational perceptions and relationship with management, while pursers reflected upon their social and personal opportunities as a tool for self-definition. The outcomes of the research present an exploratory, in-depth account of the working lives of hospitality workers on cruise ships. The findings will be of value and relevance to cruise ship operators when tackling social issues relating to the employment of cruise ship workers
RV Ronald H. Brown Cruise RB0602 and RRS Discovery Cruise D304, Rapid Mooring Cruise Report March and May 2006
No full textThis report describes the mooring operations conducted during RV Ronald H. Brown Cruise RB0602 and RRS Discovery Cruise D304. Cruise RB0602 was conducted between 9 March 2006 and 28 March 2006, and Cruise D304 was conducted between 12 May 2006 and 6 June 2006.These mooring operations were completed as part of the United Kingdom Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) funded RAPID Programme to monitor the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation at 26.5ºN. The primary purpose of these cruises was to service the 26.5ºN mooring array first deployed in 2004 during RRS Discovery cruises D277 and D278 (SOC cruise report number 53), and serviced in 2005 during RRS Charles Darwin Cruise CD170 and RV Knorr Cruise KN182-2 (NOCS cruise report number 2), and RRS Charles Darwin Cruise CD177 (NOCS cruise report number 5).Cruise RB0602 was from Barbados to Charleston, SC, and covered the Western Boundary moorings deployed on KN182-2. Cruise D304 was to and from Tenerife and covered the Eastern Boundary and Mid-Atlantic Ridge moorings deployed on cruises CD170 and CD177. These cruises are the second annual refurbishment of an array of moorings deployed across the Atlantic in order to set up a pre-operational prototype system to continuously observe the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (MOC). Cruise CD177 was an intermediate service cruise to obtain data from the two principal Eastern Boundary moorings six months after deployment. This array will be further refined and refurbished during subsequent years. The instruments deployed on the array consists of a variety of current meters, bottom pressure recorders, CTD loggers and Inverted Echosounders, which, combined with time series measurements of the Florida Channel Current and wind stress estimates, will be used to determine the strength and structure of the MOC at 26.5ºN. (http://www.noc.soton.ac.uk/rapidmoc)<br/
RRS Charles Darwin Cruise CD177, 12-29 Nov 2005. RAPID Mooring Cruise Report
No full textThis report describes mooring operations and underway measurements conducted during RRS Charles Darwin Cruise CD177. Cruise CD177 was conducted between 12 November 2005 and 29 November 2005. The first part of the cruise consisted of a transit from Falmouth, UK to Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Tenerife with mooring preparation conducted on this leg. Further scientific staff joined in Santa Cruz de Tenerife for the second leg that started on the 19 November. The cruise finished in Tenerife on the 29 November.This cruise was completed as part of the United Kingdom Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) funded RAPID Programme to monitor the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation at 26.5ºN. The primary purposes of this cruise were to service the two key moorings (EB1 and EB2) on the eastern boundary of the 26.5ºN mooring array and to deploy two Pressure Inverted Echosounders (PIES). The array was first deployed in 2004 during RRS Discovery cruises D277 and D278 (Southampton Oceanography Centre Cruise Report No. 53) in order to set up a pre-operational prototype system to continuously observe the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (MOC). It was subsequently serviced on RRS Charles Darwin cruise CD170 and RV Knorr cruise KN182-2 (both covered in National Oceanography Centre Southampton Cruise Report No. 2). The array will be further refined and refurbished during subsequent years.This cruise was planned in response to mooring losses suffered in the first year of the 26.5ºN array deployment. The two key eastern boundary moorings were subjected to damage through suspected fishing activity causing the loss of data above 1200m at the eastern boundary. To reduce the risk of data loss we plan to service the two key moorings on a six-monthly cycle.Instruments deployed on the array consists of a variety of current meters, bottom pressure recorders and CTD loggers which, combined with time series measurements of the Florida Channel Current and wind stress estimates, will be used to determine the strength and structure of the MOC at 26.5ºN. (http://www.noc.soton.ac.uk/rapidmoc
RV Ronald H. Brown Cruise RB0701, 21 Mar-10 Apr 2007. RAPID mooring cruise report
No full textThis report describes the mooring operations conducted during RV Ronald H. Brown Cruise RB0701 conductedbetween 21 March 2007 and 10 April 2007.These mooring operations were completed as part of the United Kingdom Natural Environment Research Council(NERC) funded RAPID Programme to monitor the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation at 26.5ºN. Theprimary purpose of this cruise was to service the Western Boundary section of the 26.5ºN mooring array firstdeployed in 2004 during RRS Discovery cruises D277 and D278 (SOC cruise report number 53), and serviced in2005 during RRS Charles Darwin Cruise CD170 and RV Knorr Cruise KN182-2 (NOCS cruise report number 2),RRS Charles Darwin Cruise CD177 (NOCS cruise report number 5), and in 2006 on RV Ronald H. Brown CruiseRB0602, RRS Discovery Cruise D304 (NOCS cruise report number 16) and FS Poseidon Cruises P343 and P345(NOCS cruise report number 28).Cruise RB0701 was from Charleston, SC to San Juan, Puerto Rico, and covered the Western Boundary mooringsdeployed on RB0602 (along with two landers deployed on KN182-2). This cruise is the third annual refurbishmentof the Western Boundary section of an array of moorings deployed across the Atlantic in order to set up a preoperationalprototype system to continuously observe the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (MOC).This array will be further refined and refurbished during subsequent years.The instrumentation deployed on the array consists of a variety of current meters, bottom pressure recorders, CTDloggers and Inverted Echosounders, which, combined with time series measurements of the Florida ChannelCurrent and wind stress estimates, will be used to determine the strength and structure of the MOC at 26.5ºN.(http://www.noc.soton.ac.uk/rapidmoc
Taking the load off: Investigations of how adaptive cruise control affects mental workload
No full textIt has been posited that Adaptive Cruise Control (ACC) represents a new generation of vehicle automation, in that it has the potential to relieve drivers of mental as well as physical workload. The results of previous research however, have raised some confusing issues about the specific effects of Adaptive Cruise Control (ACC) on driver mental workload (MWL)--some studies report reduced MWL compared to manual driving, while others find no effect. Two hypotheses are proposed in an attempt to explain these discrepancies: (a) that any potential MWL reductions due to ACC could be masked by the overriding influence of steering demand; or (b) that the tasks designed in some experiments do not exploit the adaptive nature of the ACC system, therefore precluding any potential benefits. Two related experiments were designed to test these hypotheses. It was found that the main reason for the discrepant findings was the nature of the driving task chosen--constant-speed tasks do not realise the mental workload benefits of ACC. Future researchers using ACC devices are advised to use variable-speed tasks to ensure that all aspects of device functionality are covered
RRS James Cook Cruise JC064, 10 Sep - 09 Oct 2011. RAPID moorings cruise report
No full textThis cruise report covers scientific operations conducted during RRS James Cook Cruise JC064. Cruise JC064, departed from Falmouth on Thursday 1st September 2011 arriving Santa Cruz de Tenerife Saturday 10th September to pick up extra members of the scientific party and arriving again in Santa Cruz on the 9th October. The purpose of the cruise was the refurbishment of an array of moorings on the mid-Atlantic Ridge and off the Moroccan Coast at a nominal latitude of 26.5°N. The moorings are part of a purposeful Atlantic wide mooring array for monitoring the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation and Heat Flux. The array is a joint UK/US programme and is known as the RAPID-WATCH/MOCHA array. Information and data from the project can be found on the web site hosted by the National Oceanography Centre Southampton http://www.noc.soton.ac.uk/rapidmoc and also from the British Oceanographic Data Centre http://www.bodc.ac.uk.
The array as deployed in 2011-2012 consists of a total of 17 moorings, 16 landers and a single inverted echo sounder. The moorings are primarily instrumented with self logging instruments measuring conductivity, temperature and pressure. Direct measurements of currents are made in the shallow and deep western boundary currents. The bottom landers are instrumented with bottom pressure recorders (also known as tide gauges), measuring the weight of water above the instrument.
The RAPID naming convention for moorings is Western Boundary (WB), Eastern Boundary (EB) and Mid‐Atlantic Ridge (MAR) indicating the general sub‐regions of the array. Numbering increments from west to east. An L in the name indicates a bottom lander, M indicates a mini‐mooring with only one instrument, H indicates a mooring on the continental slope. During JC064 we recovered: MAR0, MAR1L4, MAR1, MAR2, MAR3, MAR3L4, EB1, EB1L7, EBHi, EBH1, EBH1L7, EBH2, EBH3, EBH4, EBP2, EBH5, EBM5. We did not recover EBM1, EBM4, EBM6, EBH1 and MAR3. We deployed: MAR0, MAR1L7, MAR1, MAR2, MAR3, MAR3L6, EB1, EB1L7, EBHi, EBH1, EBH1L8, EBH2, EBH3, EBH4, EBP2, EBH5. A sediment trap mooring NOGST was also recovered and redeployed for the Ocean Biogeochemistry and Ecosystems Group at the NOCS.
CTD stations were conducted at convenient times throughout the cruise for purposes of providing pre and post deployment calibrations for mooring instrumentation and for testing mooring releases prior to deployment.
Shipboard underway measurements were systematically logged, processed and calibrated, including: waves (spectra of energy and significant wave height), surface meteorology (air pressure, temperature, wind speed and direction and radiation (total incident and photosynthetically active), 6m‐depth sea temperatures and salinities, water depth, navigation (differential GPS measurements feeding two independent and different receivers, heading, pitch and roll, gyro heading and ships speed relative to the water using an electromagnetic log). Water velocity profiles from 15m to approximately 800m/300m depth were obtained using a ship mounted 75/150 kHz acoustic Doppler current profiler. Seawater samples from CTD stations and of the sea-surface were obtained for calibration and analysed on a salinometer referencing these samples against standard sea water. For velocity data (wind and currents) measured relative to the ship considerable effort was made to obtain the best possible earth referenced velocities.
Seven APEX argo floats supplied by the Met Office were deployed at preassigned locations, filling gaps in the network
The social identity of waiters onboard UK cruise ships: ‘Quasiprofessionals’ forming occupational communities
No full textThis work-in-progress paper sets out to explore the existence of waiters forming occupational communities onboard cruise ships which operates in the UK industry.
Despite the increasing importance of the cruise industry worldwide, academic enquiry is recent and very little is known about the lives of cruise ship employees (e.g., Gibson, 2008; Van Broeck, 2010). Rapid industrial expansion and demand have put a strain on human resources, echoing the challenge of acquiring and retaining quality talent (Raub & Streit, 2006). In a competitive market and in an industry known for a strong service culture, cruise ship labour is central for business operations and success. Given a high degree of social control and a life dominated by their specialisation, seafarers have little opportunities outside of their occupation (Lukas, 2010).
A research proposition therefore would be to examine the relationship between occupational specialisation and community in the cruise industry. Exploring the concept of occupational communities, while linking the theories of social identity and self-categorization will provide a more fully integrated view of the self and present new insights in understanding the 21stC hospitality worker
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