1,720,974 research outputs found
Scribes or Copy Editors? Scribal Behaviour and the Production of Manuscript Versions of Jean Froissart's Chronicles in Fifteenth-Century Paris
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Guillebert de Mets: A Bilingual Scribe, Author and Publisher between Flanders and Paris (c. 1390–c. 1438)
Full text linkThe Construction of a Historical Reality in Jean Froissart's Chronicles
No full textThe Construction of Historical Reality in Jean Froissart's Chronicles Jean Froissart, one of the most famous chroniclers of the Middle Ages, is generally recognized for the literary qualities of his work, less so for the credibility of his account. In my research I have endeavoured to follow those scholars whose aim has been to rehabilitate the author by studying him not on the basis of principles which govern our contemporary understanding of history as an academic discipline, but rather on the basis of conceptual movements which conditioned historical writing in the 14th century, taking into account the traditions upon which medieval conception of history was built. Put differently, this work seeks to examine closely the "historical forge" of Jean Froissart. Clearly, Froissart's historical project falls within a specific discourse on historical genres, on relationships between form and truth which an account of deeds is expected to convey, on the manner in which the authority of a story being told is constructed. It is on the very intersection of this context, on the one hand, and the individuality of the author, on the other, that I based my search for the chronicler's perspectives on the writing of history. Froissart was from the outset concerned with the issues of impartiality and credibility..
Crossing the Channel: John Shirley and the Circulation of French Lyric Poetry in England in the early Fifteenth Century
No full textGetranslateerd uuten Franssoyse. Translation from French into Dutch in Holland in the 15th century. The case of Gerard Potter's Middle Dutch translation of Froissart's 'Chroniques'
No full textThis dissertation focuses on the intercultural relations between the French-speaking and Dutch-speaking world in Holland in the first half of the fifteenth century. After a turbulent war of succession between the claimants Jacqueline of Bavaria and her uncle John the Pitiless, the counties of Holland, Zeeland and Hainault were incorporated into the largely francophone Burgundian empire. It has been suggested that this event marked the end of a flourishing period of cultural production in the Dutch vernacular at the court of Holland. However, as it seems, throughout the fifteenth century translations of French texts were produced for regional and local administrators. Possibly, the Burgundian regional government of Holland, which consisted of foreign as well as indigenous noblemen, may have played an important role in the dissemination of these texts. In this thesis, the subject is addressed by means of the contextualisation of the Middle Dutch version of Jean Froissart’s Chroniques. An analysis of documentary sources suggests that the comital residence at the Hague is best characterised as a multicultural environment inhabited by both bilingual and monolingual individuals. The results of an analysis of the variant readings in the French manuscripts of the Chroniques as compared to its Dutch counterpart show that the French manuscript which served as a model for the translation was probably produced between 1410 and 1418 by the Parisian libraire Pierre de Liffol. A comparison of the translated and original text shows that the translator wants to provide his readership with a text that is optimally intelligible and relevant to their context. Gerijt Potter’s modifications show that his intended audience was familiar with the habits of European courts and had a considerable geographical horizon. Because of the presence of doublets, repetitions and French loans, Potter’s style of writing resembles the official style of the comital chancery. However, a similar style is also found in other late fourteenth and early fifteenth-century translations. In The Hague the translation was probably dispersed (be it on a small scale) among members of the council and their contacts among the high nobility of Holland. Through the intensive contact between the regional councillors and members of local administration, the translation of the Chroniques became available to an audience in the cities
Memory, Education, Circulation, Prestige: Form and Function of the Austrian Manuscript Cookery Book in the Long Eighteenth Century
Full text linkIn this thesis, I aim to establish a basic typology of manuscript cookery books and contribute to closing gaps in knowledge and material relating to reading and writing in eighteenth-century Austria. I have assembled a small research corpus consisting of 37 manuscripts, allowing for a full analysis of the materiality of each artefact along with its conceptual whole. The corpus is limited by the language used in the volumes and the chronological boundaries of the long eighteenth century. Thirty-five artefacts are penned in the Upper German written language, and I have also included two English-language manuscripts for comparison purposes, especially with regard to characteristics that are perceived as particularly English, such as the inclusion of scientific and educational material. My typology consists of four categories: (1) the memory aid, which functions as a tool for the housewife, servants, and professional cooks/chefs in middle- and upper-class kitchens; (2) the manual of practical instruction, which serves as a reference manual and a teaching aid; (3) the book in its own right, equal to a printed book; and (4) the prestige object, made or commissioned with the aim to own a showpiece. This typology is based on usage and not the physical features and content of the artefacts alone. This makes it possible to record changes occurring in the use of manuscripts over time, as well as to note instances in which there are no changes or interactions at all. In my research, I synthesise studies from both German and Anglo-American scholars to leverage their different research foci. Contextualising the manuscript cookery books in the social history of Europe allows me to compare the observations I make in Austrian artefacts with those of other countries, mainly Great Britain and Ireland. Additionally, this study investigates the work situation of upper- and lower-class women, connecting it with the educational role of the manuscript cookery book and its function as a tool for the professional cook. It examines the skills a woman would have needed to work as a scribe, laying the groundwork for future research on whether eighteenth century women did so, in either a semi-professional or professional fashion. In anticipation of future studies analysing the linguistic dimension of the recipes, I highlight the importance of keeping the peculiarities of the Upper German written language in mind when exploring the level of education a manuscript exhibits. Lastly, this work documents the involvement of men in creating, owning, and using manuscript cookery books. While it is not unknown that men have contributed, studies are still rare in German-speaking scholarship. Almost half of the manuscripts in the research corpus are anonymous, displaying names of neither makers nor owners. There is so far no study that gives anonymous manuscripts greater attention with regards to their function in the household or as gift books for patrons
Konstrukce historické reality v díle kronikáře Jeana Froissarta
Full text linkShrnutí Konstrukce historické reality v díle kronikáře Jeana Froissarta Jean Froissart je jeden z nejslavnějších středověkých kronikářů, jenž se těší všeobecnému uznání pro literární hodnotu svého historiografického díla, méně však pro věrohodnost svého vyprávění. Náš výzkum se vydal po stopách badatelů, jejichž snaha směřovala k rehabilitaci tohoto autora : jeho studium nevychází z principů, které určují naše porozumění historii jakožto akademické disciplíně, nýbrž z konceptuálních proudů, které ovlivňovaly psaní dějin ve 14. století, přičemž je samozřejmě zapotřebí vzít v úvahu tradice, na nichž středověká historiografie spočívala. Jinými slovy, cílem naší práce bylo zkoumání Froissartovy "historické dílny". Historiografické dílo Jeana Froissarta je přirozeně zasazeno do určité dobové diskuze o historických žánrech, vztazích mezi formou a pravdou, jíž by vyprávění dějinných událostí mělo být nositelkou, o způsobech, jakým se utváří autorita historického příběhu. Naše zkoumání Froissartových perspektiv a pohledů na psaní historie vychází z průniku tohoto dobového kontextu na jedné straně a individualitou autora na straně druhé. Od počátku jeho kariéry stály v centru kronikářova zájmu otázky nestrannosti a věrohodnosti vyprávění. Froissart proto vypracoval čím dál komplexnější systém referencí, jejichž...The Construction of Historical Reality in Jean Froissart's Chronicles Jean Froissart, one of the most famous chroniclers of the Middle Ages, is generally recognized for the literary qualities of his work, less so for the credibility of his account. In my research I have endeavoured to follow those scholars whose aim has been to rehabilitate the author by studying him not on the basis of principles which govern our contemporary understanding of history as an academic discipline, but rather on the basis of conceptual movements which conditioned historical writing in the 14th century, taking into account the traditions upon which medieval conception of history was built. Put differently, this work seeks to examine closely the "historical forge" of Jean Froissart. Clearly, Froissart's historical project falls within a specific discourse on historical genres, on relationships between form and truth which an account of deeds is expected to convey, on the manner in which the authority of a story being told is constructed. It is on the very intersection of this context, on the one hand, and the individuality of the author, on the other, that I based my search for the chronicler's perspectives on the writing of history. Froissart was from the outset concerned with the issues of impartiality and credibility...Ústav českých dějinInstitute of Czech HistoryFilozofická fakultaFaculty of Art
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