4,916 research outputs found
A systematic review of arthropod community diversity in association with invasive plants
No full textInvasive plants represent a significant financial burden for land managers and also have the potential to severely degrade ecosystems. Arthropods interact strongly with plants, relying on them for food, shelter, and as nurseries for their young. For these reasons, the impacts of plant invasions are likely strongly reflected by arthropod community dynamics including diversity and abundances. A systematic review was conducted to ascertain the state of the literature with respect to plant invaders and their associated arthropod communities. We found that the majority of studies did not biogeographically contrast arthropod community dynamics from both the home and away ranges and that studies were typically narrow in scope, focusing only on the herbivore feeding guild, rather than assessing two or more trophic levels. Importantly, relative arthropod richness was significantly reduced on invasive plant species. Phylogenetic differences between the invasive and local plant community as well as the plant functional group impact arthropod diversity patterns. A framework highlighting some interaction mechanisms between multiple arthropod trophic levels and native and invasive plants is discussed and future research directions relating to these interactions and the findings herein are proposed
Self-compression of 4.9 µm pulses to sub-40 fs with 2 mJ energy in Zinc Sulfide
No full textNonlinear self-compression of few-cycle multi-mJ pulses at 4.9 µm in ZnS is presented. 80 fs input pulses are compressed to 37 fs with 2.1 mJ energy at a 1 kHz repetition rate. © 2024 The Author(s
Community impacts of anthropogenic disturbance: natural enemies exploit multiple routes in pursuit of invading herbivore hosts
No full textBackground: Biological invasions provide a window on the process of community assembly. In particular, tracking natural enemy recruitment to invading hosts can reveal the relative roles of coevolution (including local adaptation) and ecological sorting. We use molecular data to examine
colonisation of northern Europe by the parasitoid Megastigmus stigmatizans following invasions of its herbivorous oak gallwasp hosts from the Balkans. Local host adaptation predicts that invading gallwasp populations will have been tracked primarily by sympatric Balkan populations of M. stigmatizans (Host Pursuit Hypothesis). Alternatively, ecological sorting allows parasitoid
recruitment from geographically distinct populations with no recent experience of the invading hosts (Host Shift Hypothesis). Finally, we test for long-term persistence of parasitoids introduced via human trade of their hosts’ galls (Introduction Hypothesis).
Results: Polymorphism diagnostic of different southern refugial regions was present in both mitochondrial and nuclear microsatellite markers, allowing us to identify the origins of northern European invaded range M. stigmatizans populations. As with their hosts, some invaded range
populations showed genetic variation diagnostic of Balkan sources, supporting the Host Pursuit Hypothesis. In contrast, other invading populations had an Iberian origin, unlike their hosts innorthern Europe, supporting the Host Shift Hypothesis. Finally, both British and Italian M.
stigmatizans populations show signatures compatible with the Introduction Hypothesis from eastern Mediterranean sources.
Conclusions: These data reveal the continental scale of multi-trophic impacts of anthropogenic disturbance and highlight the fact that herbivores and their natural enemies may face very different constraints on range expansion. The ability of natural enemies to exploit ecologically-similar hosts with which they have had no historical association supports a major role for ecological sorting processes in the recent assembly of these communities. The multitude of origins of invading
natural enemy populations in this study emphasises the diversity of mechanisms requiring consideration when predicting consequences of other biological invasions or biological control introductions
Correction to: Chamoun et al., Bacterial pathogenesis and interleukin-17: interconnecting mechanisms of immune regulation, host genetics, and microbial virulence that influence severity of infection
No full textChamoun MN, Blumenthal A, Sullivan MJ, Schembri MA, Ulett GC. 2018. Bacterial pathogenesis and interleukin-17: interconnecting mechanisms of immune regulation, host genetics, and microbial virulence that influence severity of infection. Critical Reviews in Microbiology. https://doi.org/10.1080/1040841X.2018.1426556.
When the above article was first published online, the below three corrections were missed.
The author ‘Antje Blumenthal’ was wrongly affiliated to the affiliation “cSchool of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, and Australian Infectious Disease Research Centre, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia”. Now this affiliation has been removed for this author.
The affiliation ‘bTranslational Research Institute, The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Woolloongabba, Australia’ of the author ‘Antje Blumenthal’ should read ‘bThe University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia’.
In Table 3, the sentence ‘Benefit of manipulating IL-17 levels to improve immunization strategies M. tuberculosis’ should read “Benefit of manipulating IL-17 levels to improve immunization strategies against M. tuberculosis”.No Full Tex
Data from Froy et al 2018.zip
No full textData from: Declining home range area predicts reduced late-life survival in two wild ungulate populations H Froy, Börger L, Regan CE, Morris A, Morris S, Pilkington JG, Crawley MJ, Clutton-Brock TH, Pemberton JM & Nussey DHEcology Letters 2018This folder contains supporting data for the above publication, plus a data description and general statement. <br
Generation of 22-mJ, 2.0-ps Pulses from a 1-kHz Ho:YLF Regenerative Chirped Pulse Amplifier
No full textWe report a CW-pumped Ho:YLF regenerative amplifier (RA) delivering pulses with 22.5-mJ energy and 2.0-ps duration at 1 kHz. The RA emitting at 2051 nm is broadband-seeded and implemented in a chirped pulse amplification system. © 2024 The Author(s
Pure-rotational 1D-CARS spatiotemporal thermometry with a single regenerative amplifier system
No full textWe report spatiotemporal pure-rotational coherent anti-Stokes Raman spectroscopy (CARS) in a one-dimensional imaging arrangement obtained with a single ultrafast regenerative amplifier system. The femtosecond pump/Stokes photon pairs, used for impulsive excitation, are delivered by an external compressor operating on a ∼35% beam split of the uncompressed amplifier output (2.5 mJ/pulse). The picosecond 1.2 mJ probe pulse is produced via the second-harmonic bandwidth compression (SHBC) of the ∼65% remainder of the amplifier output (4.5 mJ/pulse), which originates from the internal compressor. The two pump/Stokes and probe pulses are spatially, temporally, and repetition-wise correlated at the measurement, and the signal generation plane is relayed by a wide-field coherent imaging spectrometer onto the detector plane, which is refreshed at the same repetition rate as the ultrafast regenerative amplifier system. We demonstrate 1 kHz cinematographic 1D-CARS gas-phase thermometry across an unstable premixed methane/air flame-front, achieved with a single-shot precision <1% and accuracy <3%, 1.4 mm field of view, and an excellent <20 µm line-spread function.Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository ‘You share, we take care!’ – Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.Flight Performance and Propulsio
Estimating the functional form for the density dependence from life history data
No full textTwo contrasting approaches to the analysis of population dynamics are currently popular: demographic approaches where the associations between demographic rates and statistics summarizing the population dynamics are identified; and time series approaches where the associations between population dynamics, population density, and environmental covariates are investigated. In this paper, we develop an approach to combine these methods and apply it to detailed data from Soay sheep (Ovis aries). We examine how density dependence and climate contribute to fluctuations in population size via age- and sex-specific demographic rates, and how fluctuations in demographic structure influence population dynamics. Density dependence contributes most, followed by climatic variation, age structure fluctuations and interactions between density and climate. We then simplify the density-dependent, stochastic, age-structured demographic model and derive a new phenomenological time series which captures the dynamics better than previously selected functions. The simple method we develop has potential to provide substantial insight into the relative contributions of population and individual-level processes to the dynamics of populations in stochastic environments.<br/
Project: Establishing an accounting outsourcing company "MJ Grāmatvedība" Ltd
No full textProjekta ideja ir izveidot grāmatvedības ārpakalpojumu uzņēmumu SIA „MJ Grāmatvedība”, kurš sniegtu pilna vai daļēja cikla grāmatvedības pakalpojumus, sākot ar pirmreizējo dokumentu apstrādi un beidzot ar visu nepieciešamo atskaišu sagatavošanu, kā arī konsultāciju sniegšanu. Projekta mērķis ir ne tikai sniegt grāmatvedības pakalpojumus, bet arī analizēt uzņēmumu darbību un izstrādāt ieteikumus darbības uzlabošanai. Darba autore uzskata, ka nozares pārstāvjiem ir būtiski jāpierāda sava nozīme un to kādam jābūt mūsdienu grāmatvedim. Grāmatvedis nav tikai persona, kura izdara konkrētus darbus, nodos atskaites, tas ir cilvēks, kuram labi jāpārzina nodokļu sistēma, finanšu vadīšana, jāspēj sniegt padomus uzņēmuma finanšu vadības uzlabošanai, kā arī jāspēj pielāgoties tehnoloģiju radītajām izmaiņām. Maģistra darbs apjoms ir uz 105 lappusēm, kas sastāv no 7 nodaļām, 17 pielikumiem, 22 tabulām un 7 attēliem. Darba izstrādē izmantoti 70 informācijas avoti.The general project idea is to establish the accountancy firm MJ Accountancy Ltd., which would provide full or half-cycle accountancy services including the processing of primary documentation, reports’ preparation, and providing of the accountancy consultations. The aim of the project is not only to provide accountancy consultations but also to deal with firms activity analysis and developing suggestions on their activity improvement. The author of the project supports the idea that the field representatives must constantly sustain the status of the accountant’s profession in current times. The accountant is not only the person who executes one’s regular duties and submits reports, but also the person who is competent in the field of taxes, financial management, able to advise on improvements in financial management, and above all able to adapt to the technological changes. The volume of the project is 105 pages, which includes 7 chapters, 17 appendices, 22 tables, 7 figures. 70 sources of information were used in master’s thesis
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