1,721,030 research outputs found
Measuring the internationalisation of EU corporate R&D: a novel complementary use of statistical sources
Full text linkThe report summarises the main results of a research activity aimed at testing a novel approach for the measurement of EU business R&D internationalisation. Such approach is based on the complementary use of two different sources of data: on the one hand, statistical data from private R&D expenditure taken from national surveys (BERD); on the other hand, data collected from companies' annual reports and accounts (as in the EU Industrial R&D Investment Scoreboard). The main objectives of the study were: i) to explore the methodological rationale for comparing the two sets of data; ii) to test the robustness of the novel methodology through an analysis applied to four EU countries (Belgium, Finland, Germany and Italy); iii) to provide indications of possible further research and follow up activities.
The main results from the project are as follows:
- BERD and Scoreboard values, though addressing slightly different concepts, are comparable and can be used in a complementary way.
- Data regarding top EU R&D performers (that is, companies included in Scoreboard rankings who are the active part of the R&D internationalisation process) have to be considered from the starting point of such complementary use, instead of as final data at the country level resulting from official statistics.
- Using top R&D performers� global values and adding aggregate values from national R&D statistics allows novel insights on the R&D internationalisation process to be given, at least for the four EU countries involved.
- Further research could rely on the forthcoming Euro-Group Register under development at EUROSTAT, to obtain a clear view of intra-EU cross-country R&D flows.JRC.DDG.J.3 - Knowledge for Growt
Firm heterogeneity, absorptive capacity and technical linkages with external parties in Italy
No full textWhile it is widely acknowledged that internal R&D is a fundamental source of the ability to absorb, select and use external knowledge, severe data limitations prevent from capturing differences across firms in this respect. Using a novel dataset supplied by the Italian Bureau of Statistics, we highlight that, when controlling for internal R&D efforts, not all firms are equally prone to gain access to external technology, and to the knowledge provided by universities in particular. We find that firms which do not only perform R&D activities but also belong to a group exhibit a higher propensity to access external knowledge by either contracting out R&D or cooperating with external parties, as compared to independent firms that are not organized into groups. This premium persists when controlling for different measures of internal R&D efforts. Furthermore, the differential in the propensity to access external knowledge is particularly high in the case of R&D performers belonging to foreign groups, i.e. Italian affiliates of foreign owned companies; and it is even higher in the case of the few Italian firms that have R&D activities abroad. The relative dis-advantage of independent firms, which represent the bulk of the Italian industry and include most small and medium sized enterprises, appears to be less of an obstacle in the case of linkages with universities, especially when R&D contracting out is considered
Explaining the patenting propensity: A regional analysis using EPO-OECD data
No full textThe aim of this chapter is to conduct an empirical study of the patenting propensity at the European regional level using the OECD-REGPAT dataset. We use patent applications by inventor’s region as, in this case, linkage to the territory is stronger than using applicant’s region. Data analysis reveals the existence of a deep, uneven distribution of patent applications, R&D expenditure and human capital. Richer regions show higher levels of both private and public R&D expenditure as well as a consistent share of the total European patent applications. Starting from the analysis of these key variables, we proceed explaining the determinants of patenting propensity. The results substantially confirm the significant role of R&D expenditure on patenting activity: mainly the business enterprises, but also the government sector component. Human capital variables show similar positive effect, while average enterprise size seems not to play a determining role in patent applications
Firm heterogeneity, absorptive capacity and technical linkages with external parties in Italy
Full text linkWhile it is widely acknowledged that internal R&D is a fundamental source of the ability to absorb, select and use external knowledge, severe data limitations prevent from capturing differences across firms in this respect. Using a novel dataset supplied by the Italian Bureau of Statistics, we highlight that, when controlling for internal R&D efforts, not all firms are equally prone to gain access to external technology, and to the knowledge provided by universities in particular. We find that firms which do not only perform R&D activities but also belong to a group exhibit a higher propensity to access external knowledge by either contracting out R&D or cooperating with external parties, as compared to independent firms that are not organized into groups. This premium persists when controlling for different measures of internal R&D efforts. Furthermore, the differential in the propensity to access external knowledge is particularly high in the case of R&D performers belonging to foreign groups, i.e. Italian affiliates of foreign owned companies; and it is even higher in the case of the few Italian firms that have R&D activities abroad. The relative dis-advantage of independent firms, which represent the bulk of the Italian industry and include most small and medium sized enterprises, appears to be less of an obstacle in the case of linkages with universities, especially when R&D contracting out is considered
Lost in transition: systemic innovations and the new role of the state in industrial policy
No full textWe argue that the present economic crisis reflects the on-going transition
towards a networked, knowledge based, globalised economy, and this transition
affects the role of industrial policies. From this perspective, we suggest that the
State should intervene along three main lines. First, action is needed to make the
quality and innovative potential of territories recognisable. Second, substantial
investments should be targeted to human capital formation, and to communication
skills and infrastructures. Third, policies should be designed to maintain and
upgrade skill intensive activities, and to attract high value added foreign investment.
A bottom up approach should be adopted in the design of policies, as to favour the
self-organization of individuals, creative clusters and communities
La ricerca industriale nelle regioni italiane. Dinamiche recenti e nuovi indicatori
No full textObiettivo del presente articolo è descrivere l’andamento della ricerca industriale svolta nelle regioni italiane nel recente passato. Utilizzando un dataset di imprese attive in ricerca e sviluppo (R&S), secondo l’indagine statistica Istat RS-1, vengono proposti approfondimenti su alcune dimensioni solitamente assenti nel dibattito sulla R&S regionale: la differenza fra proprietà ed esecuzione della R&S privata; la plurilocalizzazione degli investimenti in più regioni; la caratterizzazione internazionale della R&S italiana. Sulla base di queste dimensioni, vengono costruiti tre nuovi indicatori che, presi in considerazione sia singolarmente che congiuntamente, forniscono un’immagine completa del differente coinvolgimento delle regioni italiane nella R&S privata e possono offrire supporto analitico alle scelte di politica in materia di sviluppo e innovazione a livello regionale
Innovation policies in the Adriatic Region
Full text linkThe chapter provides an overview of Innovation policies adopted across the Adriatic Region. Policies are broken down by a novel taxonomy that distinguishes among R&D, Human resources, Collaboration and Innovation Capabilities policies. The overview of policies confirms a very high degree of heterogeneity across Adriatic countries and provides details on some common problematic topics: the missing critical mass of research and innovation in many countries of the Region; the importance of collaboration among countries and organisations; the lack of continuity in policies. Finally, the chapter recalls some best practices of innovation policies identified within the PACINNO project
Italy
No full textThe preponderance of small firms is a well-known characteristic of the Italian economy. One of the most important pillars of the economy is the production of high-quality products such as in the machinery, textiles, industrial designs, alimentary and furniture sectors. Italy is performing well with regards to GDP per capita as compared to Regional and EU-28 mean. With regards to the total number of new PhD graduates in the total share of the active population, Italy stands slightly better than the EU-28, while only equal to the Regional mean. Consistent with the Adriatic Region as a whole, Italian SMEs show a relatively poor level of internationalisation, with the dominant presence being on the national market, followed by the presence in Western, Central and Eastern Europe. The level of received support through innovation incentives from the government, Regional authorities and the EU is low for all measured forms of financing in both Italy and the Adriatic Region as a whole. In most cases, financial support came from local or Regional authorities
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