27,490 research outputs found
Women, work and war : industrial mobilisation and demobilisation, Coventry and Bolton, 1940-1946
No full textThe emphasis in this thesis is on women's popular
attitudes towards the two processes of industrial mobilisation
and demobilisation which took place between 1940 and 1946.
Although the work includes a survey of the national picture of
those two processes, it concentrates on case studies in two towns
which exhibited different characteristics of women's employment,
Coventry and Bolton. This is done in an attempt to see if the
tradition of women's employment affected their attitudes towards
war work. In Coventry, the best sources of women's employment
were for single women. During the nineteen-thirties it was obvious
that the motor industry employed increasing numbers of women, but, again,
the unmarried. The economic participation rate in Coventry was slightly
lower than the national average. On the other hand, the cotton industry
in Bolton customarily had engaged married women as well as single women,
therefore, the women's economic participation rate was about 10 per cent.
higher than the national average. Local custom with regard to married
women's employment appears to have affected women's ideas About their
domestic responsibilities. Coventry women were more reserved and more
conscious of their domestic role. However, the comparison between the
two towns also brought out similarities as well as differences in women's
attitudes to industrial mobilisation. During demobilisation, the
similarities between Coventry and Bolton were more strongly marked.
The majority of women war workers had no intention of staying on in the
factory, in jobs which were still largely thought of as 'men's work'.
Most women thought that their well-being was dependent on men's secure
employment and high wages. They did not want to do anything to threaten
it. There seems to have been little antagonism between men and women
during the mobilisation and demobilisation period
Weavers and freemen in Coventry, 1820-1861 : social and political traditionalism in an early Victorian town
No full textThis thesis is concerned with Coventry from about 1820
to 1861, and in particular with the social and political attitudes
that characterised it. The dominant industry in the city and the
area of Warwickshire to the north was the weaving of silk ribbons.
They were usually made in domestic workshops often by family
labour; piecework rates by a standard 'list' were the traditional
method of payment. A chronic surplus of labour threatened to
disrupt the list-system and depress earnings. Before 1835 the
list-system was several times generally abandoned; moreover, each
successive list was lower than the last, and real earnings fell
more rapidly than prices for those continuing on the same type of
loom. On the other hand, many weavers turned to more productive
looms and so increased their earnings. The home market for ribbons
expanded, Warwickshire had little competition from other domestic
producers, and much continental competition was effectively excluded
by the statutory prohibition of imports until 1826. Although the
tariff that then replaced it proved an inadequate barrier against
continental producers between 1828 and 1832 - and those years were
disastrous for Coventry as a result - it did suffice to guard and
preserve for Warwickshire a growing market for cheap ribbons from
the early 1830s onwards. Standard prices were not lowered after
1835, and were generally abandoned only once, from 1840 to 1842;
the continued adoption of more productive looms further increased
earnings.
Throughout the period, there was a strong tradition of support
for the list system from 'honourable’ manufacturers and citizens at
large, anxious for the prosperity of the weavers and the town itself.
The same tradition sustained a lavish system of statutory poor
relief until 1830; and though it became more frugal thereafter,
the fortunate exemption of Coventry from the close control of the
Poor Law Commission until 1844, owing to the autonomy conferred
by a local act, helped to preserve outdoor relief for the unemployed.
At times of distress relief funds were collected: but a far greater
amount of money was disbursed to the poor from the dole charities,
with which the city was exceptionally well endowed. Some charities
were a special preserve of the city's freemen, who also enjoyed
rights of pasture on land near the city. The freemen, a large and
growing group, were determined to retain their privileges or
convert them into rights as substantial. With the city’s
assistance or acquiescence, they did so.
Many weavers were freemen. Their common good fortune
helped to create complaisance and a pervasive moderation of conduct.
Although the city had a popular electorate because of its freeman
franchise, it was never predominantly radical; radical electors had
to coalesce with moderate liberals to return their candidates.
Radical movements that disavowed middle-class prescriptions were
numerically weak: and even these minorities were distinguished by
their constitutionality. There were scarcely any violent clashes
with authority. Industrially, the record is similar: of militant
yet disciplined conduct. Even in the one act of Luddism that
occurred there was little violence to person.
The weavers were always characterised by a preference for
the outwork system. Steam factories were few in Coventry until
the 1850s. They then threatened through superior productivity to
displace the outwork system. The outdoor weavers competed with them
by the installation of larger looms in their domestic topshops: and
then, in a movement in which they were supported by the factory
weavers and the city, compelled upon the factory proprietors a system
of remuneration which removed the superior productivity of their
looms. By 1859 the outwork system seemed more secure than ever.
But the free trade measures of 1860, by removing the tariff which
had long shielded the city, led to an influx of continental ribbons,
a great excess of labour in Coventry, and the end of both support
for the weavers from the city - now mindful of the need to cheapen
labour-costs - and also the list-system which paternalism had long
sustained
Author Peter FitzSimons speaking at the National Library of Australia, Canberra, 13 November 2012 /
No full textTitle from acquisitions documentation.; Part of the collection: Portraits of author Peter FitzSimons speaking at the National Library of Australia, Canberra, 13 November 2012.; Acquired in digital format; access copy available online.; Mode of access: Online.; Photographed by a staff member of the National Library of Australia
Architecture in tension: an examination of the position of the architect in the private and public sectors, focusing on the training and careers of Sir Basil Spence (1907-1976) and Sir Donald Gibson (1908-1991)
No full textIn the early 1900s tensions began to appear within the architectural profession,
as private practitioners struggled to deal with the implications of professional
colleagues moving into public sector employment. Sir Basil Spence and Sir
Donald Gibson began their architectural training in the mid-1920s and, as
tensions between the sectors intensified, Spence entered private practice and
Gibson chose to enter the public sector. Each became an exemplar of his
chosen sector of the profession and yet both have, until recently, escaped
critical attention. The tensions between the public and private sectors of the
profession have been acknowledged within the historiography, but not received
detailed analysis.
This thesis advances the current historiography by presenting an examination
of the division between the sectors, focusing on the relationship between the
RIBA and the public sector union AASTA and assessing the influence of
AASTA on Gibson's Coventry City Architect's Department.
Through an examination of archival material, contemporary published material,
and buildings, this thesis builds on the work of the Sir Basil Spence Archive
Project, adding detailed accounts of his early life, architectural training, and
RIBA presidency, presenting new information and correcting certain aspects of
the accepted historiography. It likewise presents new information on Gibson's
early life and training and his central role in achieving improved status and
representation for the public sector. An analysis of selected projects provides a
comparative study of their contrasting approaches to architecture: the
technically informed, collaborative team-work of Gibson and the individual
artistry of Spence.
Both men played pivotal roles in reforming the RIBA and in changing public and
professional perceptions of the architect, nevertheless, the long lineage and
complex nature of tensions within the profession meant that the public/private
division was never be bridged and issues of status and representation
remained essentially immutable
Moral Good, the Beatific Vision, and God’s Kingdom Writings by Germain Grisez and Peter Ryan, S.J.. Edited by Peter J. Weigel
No full textFor close to half a century, the work of Germain Grisez has been highly influential, and his writings continue to receive considerable attention from philosophers and theologians of diverse viewpoints. His co-author for this work is the professor and noted moral theologian Fr. Peter Ryan, S.J., currently the executive director of the Secretariat of Doctrine and Canonical Affairs of the United States Conference of Catholic Bishops (USCCB). These two eminent scholars explore fundamental questions about Christian eschatology, moral theory, the purpose of human life, and the promise of human fulfilment. The authors examine Christian teaching on the final destiny of persons, investigating the meaning of God's kingdom, the hope of the beatific vision, and the centrality of moral goodness and divine grace in one's final end. This work is an ideal source for students, scholars, ministers and lay persons interested in basic questions of Christian theology, the philosophy of religion, ethical theory, and Catholic doctrin
Living without cement
No full textProf Peter Claisse of Coventry University gives his views on the crucial need to establish the use of concrete alternatives which don't use cement, on sustainability grounds
Immuno-Chemotherapy Using Repeated Vaccine Treatment Can Produce Successful Clinical Responses in Advanced Metastatic Melanoma
No full textBrendon J. Coventry, Peter Hersey, Anne-Marie Halligan and Antonio Michel
Murder on the mountain: author talk with Peter J. Wosh
No full textAuthor talk by Peter J. Wosh on May 5th, 2022, on his book, "Murder on the Mountain: crime, passion, and punishment in gilded age New Jersey.
Living without cement
No full textProf Peter Claisse of Coventry University gives his views on the crucial need to establish the use of concrete alternatives which don't use cement, on sustainability grounds
Introducing cem-zero
No full textThe term ‘Cem-Zero’ (CEM 0) is used in research programmes at Coventry University to describe the powders that are being developed to replace Portland Cement (PC) in concrete. These powders are made entirely of secondary minerals that are dried and ground as necessary and then pre-blended so the user may add them to a concrete using existing plant. Peter Claisse and Eshmaiel Ganjian of the Construction Materials Applied Research Group at Coventry University provide the details
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