1,721,259 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Applications des équations du groupe de renormalisation : des théories de Grande Unification à l'épidémiologie
No full textSince the introduction in the early fifties of the Renormalisation Group (RG) scheme, our comprehension of physics below the atomic scale has been greatly advanced with important improvements in multiple domains of physics, from quantum field theory to solid-state physics. The Renormalisation Group scheme describes the invariance of observables with respect to the energy scale of the process considered and reveals constraints on the evolution of the coupling strength. One of the main ideas arising from their study are Grand Unification Theories (GUT) in which fundamental interactions (electromagnetism, weak and strong forces) become one unique force at very high energy, this therefore advocates for the existence of a simple symmetry description of physics just after the Big Bang. While standard GUT see unification as a discrete crossing between the running coupling constants, my thesis proposes to view it as an asymptotic process where gauge couplings tend to unify by running toward a common limit being an attractive UV fixed point. The asymptotic Grand Unification Theories introduce new particles removing issues around proton decay, proposing dark matter candidates, and reproducing the baryon asymmetry observed in the Universe. The minimal model in SU(5) with one compactified extra-dimension will be presented, but larger symmetry groups could be involved to introduce promising features to the model. In addition, the RG has allowed us to investigate the COVID-19 pandemic, that began towards the end of 2019 and is still a major concern at the time when this thesis was written. With a totally new framework called the epidemic Renormalisation Group (eRG) inspired by the quantum field theory formalism, an integration of complex features has been possible, such as social distancing and interactions between countries in a simple modeling scheme. While the latest classical epidemiological models tend to become more precise, their increasing complexity make them computationally time consuming and less transparent when trying to understand the scenario of spreading. On the other hand, the simplest epidemic renormalisation group equation needs only two parameters in one differential equation to reproduce a simple wave. Despite its simplicity allowing it to run on a simple personal computer even for complex analysis, our new framework has shown an important level of precision for predictions even a few months into the future. Adding new features to the equations is also straightforward, just like interactions between fields or fixed point technology can be integrated in quantum field theory. These original viewpoints offered by the RG equations open new frontiers for not only the study of quantum field theory and for epidemiology, but also extended to others various fields ranging from chemistry to economies.Depuis son développement il y a presque cent ans, le principe du Groupe de Renormalisation a permis de repousser les limites de notre compréhension de la physique au delà de l'échelle atomique et d'en prédire les aspects qu'elle présenterait en allant vers l'infiniment petit. Il a aidé à la réalisation d'importantes améliorations de notre compréhension de divers domaines de la physique, de la théorie quantique des champs à la physique du solide. Le Groupe de Renormalisation décrit l'invariance des observables par rapport à l'échelle d'énergie considérée et permet d'étudier l'évolution que cela induit sur les constantes de couplages en fonction de cette échelle. Une des plus importantes prédictions qu'il amène est la théorie de Grande Unification dans laquelle les interactions fondamentales (électromagnétisme, interactions faible et forte) ne devienne plus qu'une unique force émanant à haute énergie. Cette possibilité permettrait de décrire la physique des premiers instants après le Big Bang selon des lois simples se basant sur une unique symétrie. Bien que les théories de grande unification standards voient cette unification comme un point d'intersection entre les courbes d'évolution des couplages, ma thèse propose de la voir comme un procédé asymptotique pour lequel les couplages de jauge tendent à s'unifier en étant amenés vers un point fixe commun dans l'ultra-violet. La grande unification asymptotique introduit de nouvelles particules permettant de s'affranchir de la désintégration du proton, d'avoir un candidat à la matière noire et de reproduire l'asymétrie baryonique observée dans l'Univers. Le modèle minimal en SU(5) avec une dimension supplémentaire compactifiée sera présenté en détail, mais de plus grand groupes de symétrie permettraient d'introduire de nouveaux aspects prometteurs à la théorie. En parallèle, le groupe de renormalisation a aussi été employé pour étudier la pandémie de COVID-19 qui a débuté à la fin de l'année 2019 et qui est toujours un sujet d'inquiétude au moment où cette thèse est rédigée. Grâce à une nouvelle méthode appelée Groupe de Renormalisation épidémique inspirée par le formalisme de la théorie quantique des champs, il permet d'intégrer des procédés complexes, comme la distanciation sociale ou l'interaction entre régions grâce à l'utilisation d'équations différentielles simples. Alors que les derniers modèles d'épidémiologie développés deviennent de plus en plus précis, leur complexité croissante les rend plus gourmands en temps d'exécution et moins transparents pour comprendre les scénarios de propagation, de son côté, l'équation du groupe de renormalisation épidémique n'a besoin que de deux paramètres dans une unique équation différentielle pour reproduire l'évolution d'une unique vague épidémique. Bien que cette méthode soit assez simple pour pouvoir réaliser une analyse détaillée sur un ordinateur portable en peu de temps, elle a montré une grande précision même pour des prédictions sur plusieurs mois. De nouveaux ajouts peuvent, de plus, y être intégrés aisément permettant de décrire par exemple des vagues multiples, l'apparition de variants mais aussi la vaccination. Les points de vues originaux offerts par les équations du groupe de renormalisation permettent donc d'ouvrir de nouvelles frontières à l'étude de la théorie quantique des champs pour laquelle elle a été développée à la base, mais aussi pour l'épidémiologie. Ces méthodes pourraient même être étendues à des domaines bien plus variés tels que l'économie ou la chimie
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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