6 research outputs found
Zwavelkoolstof: Processchema
No full textDocument(en) uit de collectie Chemische ProcestechnologieDelftChemTechApplied Science
Microbial rhodopsins on leaf surfaces of terrestrial plants
No full textAuthor Posting. © The Author(s), 2011. This is the author's version of the work. It is posted here by permission of John Wiley & Sons for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Environmental Microbiology 14 (2012): 140-146, doi:10.1111/j.1462-2920.2011.02554.x.The above-ground surfaces of terrestrial plants, the phyllosphere,
comprise the main interface between the terrestrial biosphere and solar
radiation. It is estimated to host up to 1026 microbial cells that may
intercept part of the photon flux impinging on the leaves. Based on 454-
pyrosequencing generated metagenome data, we report on the existence
of diverse microbial rhodopsins in five distinct phyllospheres from
tamarisk (Tamarix nilotica), soybean (Glycine max), Arabidopsis
(Arabidopsis thaliana), clover (Trifolium repens) and rice (Oryza sativa).
Our findings, for the first time describing microbial rhodopsins from non-aquatic habitats, point toward the potential coexistence of microbial
rhodopsin-based phototrophy and plant chlorophyll-based
photosynthesis, with the different pigments absorbing non-overlapping
fractions of the light spectrum.This work was supported in part by a grant from
Bridging the Rift Foundation (O.B. & S.B.), Israel Science Foundation grant
1203/06 (O.B.), the Gruss-Lipper Family Foundation at MBL (O.M.F., S.B. &
A.F.P.), a US-Israel Binational Science Foundation grant 2006324 (S.B.), and
DOE National Institutes of Health Grant R37GM27750, Department of Energy
Grant DE-FG02-07ER15867, and endowed chair AU-0009 from the Robert A.
Welch Foundation (J.L.S.)
Tratamiento de los tumores del testículo
No full textThe author refers to the experience of Duke University in the treatment of 134 testicle tumors. He sets forth general guidelines for treatment according to the tumor's evolutive stage, as per the classification proposed by Mostofi. Stress is laid on the importance of Markers (H.G. C. and A.F.P.) in the patient's evolution, as an index for detecting the tumor's presence.The author concludes that improvement in results obtained in the treatment of these tumors is due to: 1. Aggressive surgical therapy of primary tumor and regional lymph nodes.2. The considerable value of radiotherapy in seminomas.3. New chemiotherapeutic programs.4. N ew radioinmunotests for Markers, which are essential for determining prognosis and response to the treatment employed.El autor refiere la experiencia de la Universidad de Duke en el tratamienlto de 134 tumores del testículo. Establece las directivas generales del tratamiento de acuerdo al estadioevolutivo del tumor según la clasificación propuesta por Mostofi. Se resalta la importancia del raidioinmuno ensayo (GP y AFP) en la evolución del enfermo como índice para detectar la presencia de tumor.Concluye que la mejoría en los resultados obtenidos en el tratamiento de estos tumores se debe a:1. La terapéutica quirúrgica agresiva con el tumor primario y los linfáticos regionales. 2. Importante valor de la radioterapia en el seminoma.3. Nuevos programas quimioterápicos.4. Nuevos test radioinmuno ensayo para los Markers, esenciales en la determinación del pronóstico y la respuesta al tratamiento instituido
Transmission beam pattern and dynamics of a spinner dolphin (Stenella longirostris)
No full textAuthor Posting. © Acoustical Society of America, 2019. This article is posted here by permission of Acoustical Society of America for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 145(6), (2019): 3595, doi:10.1121/1.5111347.Toothed whales possess a sophisticated biosonar system by which ultrasonic clicks are projected in a highly directional transmission beam. Beam directivity is an important biosonar characteristic that reduces acoustic clutter and increases the acoustic detection range. This study measured click characteristics and the transmission beam pattern from a small odontocete, the spinner dolphin (Stenella longirostis). A formerly stranded individual was rehabilitated and trained to station underwater in front of a 16-element hydrophone array. On-axis clicks showed a mean duration of 20.1 μs, with mean peak and centroid frequencies of 58 and 64 kHz [standard deviation (s.d.) ±30 and ±12 kHz], respectively. Clicks were projected in an oval, vertically compressed beam, with mean vertical and horizontal beamwidths of 14.5° (s.d. ± 3.9) and 16.3° (s.d. ± 4.6), respectively. Directivity indices ranged from 14.9 to 27.4 dB, with a mean of 21.7 dB, although this likely represents a broader beam than what is normally produced by wild individuals. A click subset with characteristics more similar to those described for wild individuals exhibited a mean directivity index of 23.3 dB. Although one of the broadest transmission beams described for a dolphin, it is similar to other small bodied odontocetes.The authors would like to thank the staff at Ocean Adventure for their time and assistance, Laura Kloepper for her assistance and advice on the data analysis, and Andy Solow for his help with the statistical analysis. The array system was originally designed by Stuart Ibsen. This work was funded by a research grant from the Sea World Busch Gardens Conservation Fund awarded to A.F.P. All work was conducted in compliance with University of Hawaii at Manoa IACUC and conducted under NMFS permit No. 16053 to P.E.N. This is contribution No. 1761 from the Hawaii Institute of Marine Biology.2019-12-1
Clinical predictors of antipsychotic treatment resistance: Development and internal validation of a prognostic prediction model by the STRATA-G consortium
No full textIntroduction
Our aim was to, firstly, identify characteristics at first-episode of psychosis that are associated with later antipsychotic treatment resistance (TR) and, secondly, to develop a parsimonious prediction model for TR.
Methods
We combined data from ten prospective, first-episode psychosis cohorts from across Europe and categorised patients as TR or non-treatment resistant (NTR) after a mean follow up of 4.18 years (s.d. = 3.20) for secondary data analysis. We identified a list of potential predictors from clinical and demographic data recorded at first-episode. These potential predictors were entered in two models: a multivariable logistic regression to identify which were independently associated with TR and a penalised logistic regression, which performed variable selection, to produce a parsimonious prediction model. This model was internally validated using a 5-fold, 50-repeat cross-validation optimism-correction.
Results
Our sample consisted of N = 2216 participants of which 385 (17 %) developed TR. Younger age of psychosis onset and fewer years in education were independently associated with increased odds of developing TR. The prediction model selected 7 out of 17 variables that, when combined, could quantify the risk of being TR better than chance. These included age of onset, years in education, gender, BMI, relationship status, alcohol use, and positive symptoms. The optimism-corrected area under the curve was 0.59 (accuracy = 64 %, sensitivity = 48 %, and specificity = 76 %).
Implications
Our findings show that treatment resistance can be predicted, at first-episode of psychosis. Pending a model update and external validation, we demonstrate the potential value of prediction models for TR.Funding: This work was supported by a Stratified Medicine Programme grant to JHM from the Medical Research Council (grant number MR/L011794/1 which funded the research and supported S.E.S., D.A., A.F.P, L.K., R.M.M., D.S., J.T.R.W, & J.H.M.); funding from the National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre at South London and Maudsley National Health Service Foundation Trust and King's College London to D.A. and D.S; and funding from the Collaboration for Leadership in Applied Health Research and Care (CLAHRC) South London at King's College Hospital National Health Service Foundation Trust to S.E.S. The views expressed are those of the author(s) and not necessarily those of the Medical Research Council, National Health Service, the National Institute for Health Research, or the Department of Health. The AESOP (London, UK) cohort was funded by the UK Medical Research Council (Ref: G0500817). The Belfast (UK) cohort was funded by the Research and Development Office of Northern Ireland. The Bologna (Italy) cohort was funded by the European Community's Seventh Framework Program under grant agreement (agreement No.HEALTH-F2-2010–241909, Project EU-GEI). The GAP (London, UK) cohort was funded by the UK National Institute of Health Research(NIHR) Specialist Biomedical Research Centre for Mental Health, South London and Maudsley NHS Mental Health Foundation Trust (SLaM) and the Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience at King's
College London; Psychiatry Research Trust; Maudsley Charity Research Fund; and the European Community's Seventh Framework Program grant (agreement No. HEALTH-F2-2009-241909, Project EU-GEI). The Lausanne (Switzerland) cohort was funded by the Swiss National Science Foundation (no. 320030_135736/1 to P.C. and K.Q.D., no 320030-120686, 324730-144064 and 320030-173211 to C.B.E and P.C., and no 171804 to LA); National Center of Competence in Research (NCCR) “SYNAPSY - The Synaptic Bases of Mental Diseases” from the Swiss National Science Foundation (no 51AU40_125759 to PC and KQD); and Fondation Alamaya (to KQD). The Oslo (Norway) cohort was funded by the Research Council of Norway (#223273/F50, under the Centers of Excellence funding scheme, #300309, #283798) and the South-Eastern Norway Regional Health Authority (#2006233, #2006258, #2011085, #2014102, #2015088 to IM, #2017-112). The Paris (France) cohort was funded by European Community's Seventh Framework Program grant (agreement No. HEALTH-F2-2010–241909, Project EU-GEI). The Prague (Czech Republic) cohort was funded by the Ministry of Health of the Czech Republic (Grant Number: NU20-04-00393). The Santander (Spain) cohort was funded by the following grants (to B.C.F): Instituto de Salud Carlos III, FIS 00/3095, PI020499, PI050427, PI060507, Plan Nacional de Drogas Research Grant 2005-Orden sco/3246/2004, and SENY Fundatio Research Grant CI 2005-0308007, Fundacion Marques de Valdecilla A/02/07 and API07/011. SAF2016-76046-R and SAF2013-46292-R (MINECO and FEDER). The West London (UK) cohort was funded The Wellcome Trust (Grant Number: 042025; 052247; 064607)
