5,870 research outputs found
Language Interoperability and Logic Programming Languages
No full textWe discuss P#, our implementation of a tool which allows interoperation between a concurrent superset of the Prolog programming language and C#. This enables Prolog to be used as a native implementation language for Microsoft's .NET platform. P# compiles a linear logic extension of Prolog to C# source code. We can thus create C# objects from Prolog and use C#'s graphical, networking and other libraries. P# was developed from a modified port of the Prolog to Java translator, Prolog Cafe. We add language constructs on the Prolog side which allow concurrent Prolog code to be written. We add a primitive predicate which evaluates a Prolog structure on a newly forked thread. Communication between threads is based on the unification of variables contained in such a structure. It is also possible for threads to communicate through a globally accessible table. All of the new features are available to the programmer through new built-in Prolog predicates. We present three case studies. The first is an application which allows several users to modify a database. The users are able to disconnect from the database and to modify their own copies of the data before reconnecting. On reconnecting, conflicts must be resolved. The second is an object-oriented assistant, which allows the user to query the contents of a C# namespace or Java package. The third is a tool which allows a user to interact with a graphical display of the inheritance tree. Finally, we optimize P#'s runtime speed by translating some Prolog predicates into more idiomatic C# code than is produced by a naive port of Prolog Cafe. This is achieved by observing that semi-deterministic predicates (being those which always either fail or succeed with exactly one solution) that only call other semi-deterministic predicates enjoy relatively simple control flow. We make use of the fact that Prolog programs often contain predicates which operate as functions, and that such predicates are usually semi-deterministic
Citizen participation in news
No full textThe process of producing news has changed significantly due to the advent of the Web, which has enabled the increasing involvement of citizens in news production. This trend has been given many names, including participatory journalism, produsage, and crowd-sourced journalism, but these terms are ambiguous and have been applied inconsistently, making comparison of news systems difficult. In particular, it is problematic to distinguish the levels of citizen involvement, and therefore the extent to which news production has genuinely been opened up. In this paper we perform an analysis of 32 online news systems, comparing them in terms of how much power they give to citizens at each stage of the news production process. Our analysis reveals a diverse landscape of news systems and shows that they defy simplistic categorisation, but it also provides the means to compare different approaches in a systematic and meaningful way. We combine this with four case studies of individual stories to explore the ways that news stories can move and evolve across this landscape. Our conclusions are that online news systems are complex and interdependent, and that most do not involve citizens to the extent that the terms used to describe them imply
Book Review: Jesus in an age of enlightenment: Radical gospels from Thomas Hobbes to Thomas Jefferson. By Jonathan C.P Birch
No full textThis is a pre-copyedited, author-produced PDF of an article accepted for publication in [Literature and Theology] following peer review. The version of record [Greenaway, J. (2021). Jesus in an Age of Enlightenment: Radical gospels from Thomas Hobbes to Thomas Jefferson. By Jonathan C.P Birch. Literature and Theology, 35(1), 100–102] is available online at: [https://academic.oup.com/litthe/article/35/1/100/6130117?guestAccessKey=0523008b-46e6-4ed2-ab5d-001d93207bed].A review of Jesus in an Age of Enlightenment: Radical Gospels from Thomas Hobbes to Thomas Jefferson by Jonathan C.P Birc
‘Decolonisation’ in China, 1949-1959
No full textIn this chapter Jonathan Howlett adopts perspectives and models from wider literatures on decolonisation to explore the Chinese Communist Party’s elimination of the British semi-colonial presence from China after the revolution of 1949 and to place it within its global context. He focuses in particular on the CCP’s attempts to address the economic, cultural and human legacies of semi-colonialism within a comparative context. In so doing, the author seeks to complicate our understanding of the Sino-British relationship by exploring one of its most dramatic phases and to further illuminate this neglected period in Chinese history
Controls on spatial and temporal evolution of prism faulting and relationships to plate boundary slip offshore north-central Sumatra
No full textAcross- and along-strike variations in the morphology and structure of the north-central Sumatran forearc (~1.5°S to 1°N) are broadly coincident with subducting plate topography and an earthquake segment boundary zone below the Batu Islands. We present a detailed interpretation of multichannel streamer seismic reflection data collected offshore north-central Sumatra, to better characterize the morphological and structural variations, provide insight into fault development, and relate structure to plate boundary rupture and seismicity patterns. We interpret two relatively continuous, major fault structures that divide the prism into three strike-parallel belts that can be characterized by the relative fault slip rates along major and minor fault structures. The midslope break fault(s) and upper slope-bounding fault(s) are major, potentially out-of-sequence thrusts accommodating a significant component of the compressional strain. We propose that the upper slope-bounding fault represents the more mature end-member of an evolving fault system. Landward vergent structures are associated with a relatively thin sedimentary section near the deformation front in the center of our study area and suggest a potentially weak shallow plate boundary associated with the subducting Wharton Fossil Ridge
Topsy Turvy - Jonathan Swift on Human Nature, Reason, and Morality
No full textThis is the author accepted manuscript. The final version of the book is available from the publisher via the link in this record.No abstrac
DCE_Appendix_1_online_supp – Supplemental material for Duration of Treatment Effect Should Be Considered in the Design and Interpretation of Clinical Trials: Results of a Discrete Choice Experiment
No full textSupplemental material, DCE_Appendix_1_online_supp for Duration of Treatment Effect Should Be Considered in the Design and Interpretation of Clinical Trials: Results of a Discrete Choice Experiment by Bethan Copsey, James Buchanan, Raymond Fitzpatrick, Sarah E. Lamb, Susan J. Dutton and Jonathan A. Cook in Medical Decision Making</p
DCE_Appendix_2_online_supp – Supplemental material for Duration of Treatment Effect Should Be Considered in the Design and Interpretation of Clinical Trials: Results of a Discrete Choice Experiment
No full textSupplemental material, DCE_Appendix_2_online_supp for Duration of Treatment Effect Should Be Considered in the Design and Interpretation of Clinical Trials: Results of a Discrete Choice Experiment by Bethan Copsey, James Buchanan, Raymond Fitzpatrick, Sarah E. Lamb, Susan J. Dutton and Jonathan A. Cook in Medical Decision Making</p
DCE_Appendix_4_supplementarydataset_online_supp – Supplemental material for Duration of Treatment Effect Should Be Considered in the Design and Interpretation of Clinical Trials: Results of a Discrete Choice Experiment
No full textSupplemental material, DCE_Appendix_4_supplementarydataset_online_supp for Duration of Treatment Effect Should Be Considered in the Design and Interpretation of Clinical Trials: Results of a Discrete Choice Experiment by Bethan Copsey, James Buchanan, Raymond Fitzpatrick, Sarah E. Lamb, Susan J. Dutton and Jonathan A. Cook in Medical Decision Making</p
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