1,594 research outputs found
"Fabbricare musei". Ricerca e sperimentazione progettuale per la Real Fabrica de Artilleria a Sevilla
No full textEarth castles in Fujian: to know and to protect to re-habit the Yue Zhuangzhai in Yongtai
No full textWhat We Talk About When We Talk About Market Economy
No full textIl saggio assume che il sistema economico e sociale della comunità sia organizzato nella forma di economia di mercato (ME) anche quando solo una delle sue parti rivolta allo scambio di beni e servizi si attiva per rendere possibile l’azione di produrli, scambiarli, condividerli in modalità distinte tra gli agenti che li offrono e quelli che li domandano.
L’analisi porta a concludere che le azioni di scelta, competizione e potere degli agenti sono dirette a contrastare l’incertezza insista nello scambio per mezzo di relazioni reciproche (contratti) definite in forma di norme legali e/o usi che lo consentono non solo come condizione di prezzo ma anche come l’esito di regola.
Sono emblematici al riguardo i passaggi relativi alla costruzione del mercato unico europeo, ancorato a libertà fondamentali e realizzato in modo progressivo in ragione dei paesi aderenti.
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The essay assumes that the economic and social system of the community is organized in the form of a market economy (ME) whenever even one of its parts aimed at the exchange of goods and services is activated to make it possible to produce and exchange them, share them in distinct ways between the agents who offer them and those who ask for them
The analysis leads to the conclusion that the actions of choice, competition and power of the agents are aimed at counteracting the uncertainty insisting on the exchange by means of reciprocal relations (contracts) defined in the form of legal norms and/or uses that allow it not only as price condition but also as the rule outcome.
In this regard, the steps relating to the construction of the single European market, anchored to fundamental freedoms and carried out progressively according to the acceding countries, are emblematic
Dystonias
No full textDystonias are characterized by involuntary muscle contractions, twisting movements, abnormal postures, and often tremor in various body regions. However, in the last decade several studies have demonstrated that dystonias are also characterized by sensory abnormalities. While botulinum toxin is the gold standard therapy for focal dystonia, exactly how it improves this disorder is not entirely understood. Neurophysiological studies in animals and humans have clearly demonstrated that botulinum toxin improves dystonic motor manifestations by inducing chemodenervation, therefore weakening the injected muscles. In addition, neurophysiological and neuroimaging evidence also suggests that botulinum toxin modulates the activity of various neural structures in the CNS distant from the injected site, particularly cortical motor and sensory areas. Concordantly, recent studies have shown that in patients with focal dystonias botulinum toxin ameliorates sensory disturbances, including reduced spatial discrimination acuity and pain. Overall, these observations suggest that in these patients botulinum toxin-induced effects encompass complex mechanisms beyond chemodenervation of the injected muscles
SMART CITIES E COMUNITÀ DI SAPERI. STRATEGIE PER LA CONSERVAZIONE, MONITORAGGIO DEL PATRIMONIO E PROCESSI DI PROGETTAZIONE E MANUTENZIONE PROGRAMMATA
No full textThis research, winning project of a Smart Cities and Community competition, aims at defining procedural and operational models for the implementation of a maintenance system through integrated strategies of survey, monitoring, diagnostics and technologies on protection, conservation and enhancement of historical heritage. The contribution is an experimentation on some architectures in Matera with the possibility of an application to other building systems characterized by similar historical and environmental conditions. The research is aimed at increasing maintenance process by assisting the activity of the expert component in organic and inorganic chemistry with new materials suitable for the purposes set by the project through tests in laboratory and on real artifacts. Heritage conservation requires development of innovative, long-lasting and cost-effective preventive protection strategies, enhancing Smart capability of the system. It is fundamental the drafting a maintenance project as continuous knowledge of acquired data and management on the building conditions, on the environmental context, from its construction to its transformative and maintenance phases over time. One of the scientific challenges is the development of integrated processes of multi-platform sensor data with different multidisiplinary spatial resolutions, that allow studies of complex environmental processes in an innovative way. Smart sharing of the project will new tools also with the integration of different technologies (ICT, sensors, remote sensing, cloud computing, web-sensors)
Review of available data for the efficacy and effectiveness of nabiximols oromucosal spray (Sativex) in multiple sclerosis patients with moderate to severe spasticity
No full textBackground: Sativex (USAN: nabiximols) oromucosal spray is indicated for treatment of multiple sclerosis (MS) patients with moderate to severe spasticity and inadequate response to other antispasticity medications who demonstrate clinically significant improvement during an initial trial of therapy. This narrative review investigated the efficacy and effectiveness of nabiximols oromucosal spray for moderate to severe MS spasticity by examining spasticity 010 Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) data from interventional and observational studies which featured a 4-week trial period as per the European Union approved label. Summary: Across both study types, clinically relevant and statistically significant reductions in mean MS spasticity 0-10 NRS scores were measured soon after treatment start and were maintained in the mid to long term in treatment responders. Initial responder rates (≥ 20% NRS improvement from baseline at week 4) ranged from 47.6% to 81.4%, tending lower in the randomized clinical trials setting. Clinically relevant responder rates (≥ 30% NRS improvement from baseline at week 12) were similar between study types (range 3041%) except for one outlier (74% in an observational study). Two open studies reported treatment continuation for ≥ 18 months in approximately half of patients who initiated treatment. In most longer-term studies, symptomatic improvement in MS spasticity was maintained at mean daily dosages of about 67 sprays/day. Safety was consistent with the known profile of nabiximols. Key messages: Experimental and observational studies of nabiximols oromucosal spray recorded similar findings. About half to two-thirds of MS patients who begin treatment will perceive initial symptomatic relief of spasticity within the 4-week trial period. About 40% of patients who initiate treatment will reach the ≥ 30% NRS improvement threshold at 3 months, comprising the majority of patients who continue long-term treatment. A trial of therapy with nabiximols is useful to identify patients most likely to gain longer-term improvement in spasticity symptoms and discontinue those with insufficient benefit
Mechanism of Interaction of Niflumic Acid with Heterologously Expressed Kidney CLC-K Chloride Channels
No full textCLC-K Cl(-) channels belong to the CLC protein family. In kidney and inner ear, they are involved in transepithelial salt transport. Mutations in ClC-Kb lead to Bartter's syndrome, and mutations in the associated subunit barttin produce Bartter's syndrome and deafness. We have previously found that 3-phenyl-CPP blocks hClC-Ka and rClC-K1 from the extracellular side in the pore entrance. Recently, we have shown that niflumic acid (NFA), a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory fenamate, produces biphasic behavior on human CLC-K channels that suggests the presence of two functionally different binding sites: an activating site and a blocking site. Here, we investigate in more detail the interaction of NFA on CLC-K channels. Mutants that altered block by 3-phenyl-2-(p-chlorophenoxy)propionic acid (CPP) had no effect on NFA block, indicating that the inhibition binding site of NFA is different from that of 3-phenyl-CPP and flufenamic acid. Moreover, NFA does not compete with extracellular Cl(-) ions, suggesting that the binding sites of NFA are not located deep in the pore. Differently from ClC-Ka, on the rat homologue ClC-K1, NFA has only an inhibitory effect. We developed a quantitative model to describe the complex action of NFA on ClC-Ka. The model predicts that ClC-Ka possesses two NFA binding sites: when only one site is occupied, NFA increases ClC-Ka currents, whereas the occupation of both binding sites leads to channel block
Paving the way for Bartter syndrome type 3 drug discovery: a hope from basic research
No full textNo abstract availabl
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