122,069 research outputs found
Bayonne - Ship Docked at Constable Hook Oil Depot
No full textConstable Hook is a cape located on the north side of the outlet of Kill van Kull into Upper New York Bay in Bayonne.
In 1864, after building a railroad bridge over Newark Bay, the Central Railroad of New Jersey laid railroad tracks through Bayonne into Constable Hook. After the American Civil War, they built the Port Johnston Coal Docks, at the time the largest coal port in the world. Many Irish immigrants took jobs with the railroad living in Constable Hook. So many Irish had moved there that the residents of Bayonne referred to the area as "Irishtown."
In 1872, John D. Rockefeller's Standard Oil bought 176 acres of land on Constable Hook, and by 1885 there was a pipeline connecting it to the field of Texas. Three years later, Prentice Oil Company was also established at Constable Hook.
Other oil companies like Tidewater and Ocean Oil also built refineries on Constable Hook.Original file name 8116395832_c5c91d663d_o.jp
Port Argostoli
No full textsurveyed by lieutenant C. H. Simpson, r.n. assisted by lieut. J. C. Tancred & L. D. Penfold and sub-lieut. H. G. C. Somerville & E. A. Constable, r.n
Half a grid is better than no grid : competition between 2,2':6',2"-terpyridine and 3,6-di(pyrid-2-yl)pyridazine for copper(II)
No full textThe reaction between Cu(NO3)2·3H2O, 2,2′:6′,2′′-terpyridine (tpy) and 3,6-di(pyrid-2-yl)pyridazine (1) in a 2 : 2 : 1 molar equivalent ratio in aqueous MeCN in the presence of excess NH4PF6 leads to competition between the assembly of the dinuclear half-grid [Cu2(1)(tpy)2][PF6]4·2H2O and the mononuclear complex [Cu(1)2(OH2)][PF6]2. The yield of [Cu2(1)(tpy)2][PF6]4·2H2O has been optimized using microwave conditions. [Cu(1)2(OH2)][PF6]2 can be selectively produced by treating Cu(NO3)2·3H2O with 1 (1 : 2 molar equivalents) in aqueous MeCN in the presence of NH4PF6. The single crystal structures of [Cu2(1)(tpy)2][PF6]4·4MeNO2 and [Cu(1)2(OH2)][PF6]2 are presented. In the [Cu2(1)(tpy)2]4+ cation, ligand 1 bridges the two copper(II) centres, each of which is further coordinated by a tpy ligand. The copper(II) coordination geometry is closely associated with the arrangement of the two tpy ligands which engage in efficient face-to-face π-stacking. Magnetic data for crystalline [Cu2(1)(tpy)2][PF6]4·4MeNO2 are consistent with a weak antiferromagnetic interaction between the two copper(II) centres. EPR spectroscopic data for a powder sample of [Cu2(1)(tpy)2][PF6]4·2H2O are consistent with the dinuclear structure, but in frozen DMF and DMSO solutions, the data indicate that the dinuclear structure of [Cu2(1)(tpy)2]4+ is not preserved
Octyl-decorated Fréchet-type dendrons : a general motif for visualisation of static and dynamic behaviour using scanning tunnelling microscopy
No full textFirstly, a short overview on supramolecular chemistry including definitions, basic principles and examples taken from the literature of 2D and 3D self-assembly processes is given in Chapter 1. The introduction is completed by some general ideas of dendrimer chemistry. In the second Chapter the techniques used in this thesis are introduced with a special focus on scanning tunnelling microscopy (STM). Besides the mode of operation and the data processing, the historical background is briefly described. The following four Chapters present STM studies of monolayers formed by different types of compounds, all functionalised with Fréchet-type dendrons. Not only static features of monolayers such as conformational analysis of single molecules have been investigated, but also dynamic processes such as delayed conversion of a whole domain and conformational changes by protonation have been examined. The 2D properties of monolayers on a graphite surface have been compared with the X-ray data of 3D single crystals. For two compounds, the same molecular arrangement has been detected in monolayers on graphite and in single crystals. Together with organic molecules, the self-assembly of metal complexes possessing tpy ligands and organometallic species with platinum(II) bis(alkynyl) units has been examined. Not all of these metal complexes were stable under the scanning conditions used in STM. A synthetic programme leading to dendrimer-functionalised organic and organometallic compounds has been developed. Discussions of synthetic routes are given at the beginning of each Chapter. Chaptercompares X-ray diffraction methods with STM, the two main analysis tools used for investigation of self-organised assemblies in the solid state in this thesis. In the second part of Chapter 7, the results presented in the previous Chapters are discussed with some general reflections on the self-assembling properties of Fréchet-type dendrimers with pendant octyl groups. Additional to the studies of self-assembled monolayers, the formation of metallomacrocycles has been investigated using two novel homoditopic tpy ligands. This work is presented in Chapter 8. It was demonstrated that the ring-size depends on the metal used for the cyclisation. Furthermore, some of the macrocycles formed self-assembled monolayers on graphite, which have been examined using STM. One homoditopic ligand formed a molecular square by complexation with an iron(II) salt which was analysed using single crystal X-ray diffraction. This thesis has brought together the realms of chemical design with studies of the physical behaviour of the envisioned molecules on the surface. It has been demonstrated that Fréchet-type dendrimers with octyl end-groups are a general motif for visualisation of static and dynamic behaviour using STM
The experience of caring for someone with dementia: a biographical study
No full textThis research was about the lived experience of caring for someone with dementia. Six informal carers of people with dementia were interviewed. The carers were defined as ‘informal’ as they were family and friends, and therefore unpaid. Five of the carers were women who had or were supporting their mothers, and one was a man, who had cared for a friend. Three carers identified as lesbian or gay. I wanted to hear the stories of a group that are generally neglected in research (Turnball, 2002). Carers are diverse with a range of needs, and I wished to discover if services were ‘gay friendly’ or implicitly heterosexist. In addition I wanted lesbian and gay carers’ stories to be heard and their contribution to be recognised. The research is important as there are an estimated 750,000 people living with dementia in the UK and 500,000 partners, family members and friends are involved in caring for someone with dementia at a value of £6 billion a year, if care was provided by health and social care services (Department of Health, 2009). The research method was biographical in relation to the participants’ caring role. It explored three areas: the experience of caring, coping approaches and encounters with health and social care services. The interviews with carers took place in 2010 and the cared for had, or were living in: London, Wales, south-east and north-west England. The theoretical perspective of the research was person centred (Kitwood, 1997) set within the legislative and social policy framework for carers. The data was analysed primarily through pre-determined codes arising from the interview schedule and Skills for Care ‘Core Principles for Carers’ (2010) but also searching for patterns within and across cases. The findings were that the carers did not experience the person with dementia as a burden, but contact with health and social services was often problematic due to the fragmentation of services, lack of one practitioner co-ordinating care, and an absence of knowledge about carers’ legal entitlements. In addition services adopted a medical model of care focusing on the dementia of the cared for with limited interest in the cared for or carer’s biography, consequently services were not person centred, or gay friendly. Carers’ commitment to the person with dementia was on a continuum between the obligations of kinship and unconditional love. Positive aspects in the relationships endured in particular humour and shared activities. The messages for practice were that health and social care practitioners require training in person centred practice, as well as the legislation and policy framework for carers. Personalisation of services provides opportunities for shifting services from a task centred to person centred approach, including the development of gay friendly services?<br/
A marine electromagnetic survey to detect gas hydrate at Hydrate Ridge, Oregon
No full textGas hydrates are a potential energy resource and hazard for drilling and infrastructure, yet estimates of global volume vary by over three orders of magnitude. Hydrates are electrically resistive compared to water saturated sediment and so electromagnetic methods provide an additional tool to seismic surveys and drilling for determining hydrate saturations. A marine electromagnetic survey was carried out at Hydrate Ridge, Oregon, USA, with the aim of testing the use of controlled source electromagnetic (CSEM) and magnetotelluric (MT) methods to map gas hydrate and free gas below the gas hydrate stability zone. A 2-D CSEM inversion supports the scenario deduced from previous seismic and drilling results, which indicate two mechanisms of hydrate emplacement: a transport-dominated and reaction-dominated regime. A prominent resistive region of 2.5–4 ?m at a depth of about 130 mbsf, near the seismic bottom simulating reflector (BSR), suggests that 27 to 46 per cent of the bulk volume is filled with hydrate, depending on whether Archie's Law or the Hashin-Strikman bounds are used. This is representative of a reaction-dominated regime for hydrate emplacement, and where a significant low velocity zone exists based on a seismic tomography inversion, suggests large quantities of free gas below the BSR. Electrical resistivity logging while drilling (LWD) data show general agreement with the CSEM inversion model except for a CSEM-derived resistive region at seismic horizon A, known to transport free gas into the gas hydrate stability zone. Inversion of MT data collected simultaneously during the CSEM survey provides a complimentary low-resolution image of the shallow sediments and shows folding in the accretionary complex sediments similar to that imaged by a tomographic seismic velocity model
To Peter Schmuck, Constable of Big Rock Township, Pulaski County, Ark.
No full text$125 Reward!
The above Reward will be paid for the delivery of
WILL THOMAS
To Peter Schmuck, Constable of Big Rock Township, Pulaski County, Ark.
Description.
About 5 feet 8 inches high; weight about 135 pounds; age 23 years; light mulatto color; scar on his face; hair copper colored, reddish, nearly straight; he looks as though he had some Indian blood; brown eyes; very small moustache and two prominent front teeth; when .last seen, March 16, I 895, wore a cloth cap, brown coat and jeans pants.
Wanted for the shooting of Deputy Constables Chus. H. Kumpe and C. W. Keatts. Claims to have worked at Oil Mill. Expert Crapshooter.
Little R. K. Ark., this 18th day of March A. D. 1895.
Peter Schmuck
Constable of Big Rock Township, Pulaski County, Ark
Importance of the Effective Strong Ion Difference of an Intravenous Solution in the Treatment of Diarrheic Calves with Naturally Acquired Acidemia and Strong Ion (Metabolic) Acidosis
No full textBackground: The effect of sodium bicarbonate on acid-base balance in metabolic acidosis is interpreted differently by
Henderson-Hasselbalch and strong ion acid-base approaches. Application of the traditional bicarbonate-centric approach
indicates that bicarbonate administration corrects the metabolic acidosis by buffering hydrogen ions, whereas strong ion
difference theory indicates that the co-administration of the strong cation sodium with a volatile buffer (bicarbonate)
corrects the strong ion acidosis by increasing the strong ion difference (SID) in plasma.
Objective: To investigate the relative importance of the effective SID of IV solutions in correcting acidemia in calves
with diarrhea.
Animals: Twenty-two Holstein-Friesian calves (4–21 days old) with naturally acquired diarrhea and strong ion (metabolic)
acidosis.
Methods: Calves were randomly assigned to IV treatment with a solution of sodium bicarbonate (1.4%) or sodium
gluconate (3.26%). Fluids were administered over 4 hours and the effect on acid-base balance was determined.
Results: Calves suffered from acidemia owing to moderate to strong ion acidosis arising from hyponatremia and hyper-
D-lactatemia. Sodium bicarbonate infusion was effective in correcting the strong ion acidosis. In contrast, sodium gluconate
infusion did not change blood pH, presumably because the strong anion gluconate was minimally metabolized.
Conclusions: A solution containing a high effective SID (sodium bicarbonate) is much more effective in alkalinizing
diarrheic calves with strong ion acidosis than a solution with a low effective SID (sodium gluconate). Sodium gluconate is
ineffective in correcting acidemia, which can be explained using traditional acid-base theory but requires a new parameter,
effective SID, to be understood using the strong ion approach
Numerical analysis of a 3-D printed porous trailing edge for broadband noise reduction
No full textLattice Boltzmann simulations were carried out to investigate the noise mitigation mechanisms of a 3-D printed porous trailing-edge insert, elucidating the link between noise reduction and material permeability. The porous insert is based on a unit cell resembling a lattice of diamond atoms. It replaces the last 20 % chord of a NACA 0018 at zero angle-of-attack. A partially blocked insert is considered by adding a solid partition between 84 % and 96 % of the aerofoil chord. The regular porous insert achieves a substantial noise reduction at low frequencies, although a slight noise increase is found at high frequencies. The partially blocked porous insert exhibits a lower noise reduction level, but the noise emission at mid-to-high frequency is slightly affected. The segment of the porous insert near the tip plays a dominant role in promoting noise mitigation, whereas the solid-porous junction contributes, in addition to the rough surface, towards the high-frequency excess noise. The current study demonstrates the existence of an entrance length associated with the porous material geometry, which is linked to the pressure release process that is responsible for promoting noise mitigation. This process is characterised by the aerodynamic interaction between pressure fluctuations across the porous medium, which is found at locations where the porous insert thickness is less than twice the entrance length. Present results also suggest that the noise attenuation level is related to both the chordwise extent of the porous insert and the streamwise turbulent length scale. The porous inserts also cause a slight drag increase compared to their solid counterpart. Wind Energ
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