10,639 research outputs found
Publisher Correction: Multiancestry genome-wide association study of 520,000 subjects identifies 32 loci associated with stroke and stroke subtypes (Nature Genetics, (2018), 50, 4, (524-537), 10.1038/s41588-018-0058-3)
No full textIn the HTML version of this article initially published, the author groups ‘AFGen Consortium’, ‘Cohorts for Heart and Aging Research in Genomic Epidemiology (CHARGE) Consortium’, ‘International Genomics of Blood Pressure (iGEN-BP) Consortium’, ‘INVENT Consortium’, ‘STARNET’, ‘BioBank Japan Cooperative Hospital Group’, ‘COMPASS Consortium’, ‘EPIC-CVD Consortium’, ‘EPIC-InterAct Consortium’, ‘International Stroke Genetics Consortium (ISGC)’, ‘METASTROKE Consortium’, ‘Neurology Working Group of the CHARGE Consortium’, ‘NINDS Stroke Genetics Network (SiGN)’, ‘UK Young Lacunar DNA Study’ and ‘MEGASTROKE Consortium’ appeared at the end of the author list but should have appeared earlier in the list. In addition, the author group ‘MEGASTROKE Consortium’ was duplicated, and its members were not displayed in the ‘Author information’ section. The errors have been corrected in the HTML version of the article
Investigation of gene–diet interactions in the incretin system and risk of type 2 diabetes: the EPIC-InterAct study
No full textAims/hypothesis
The gut incretin hormones glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide (GIP) have a major role in the pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes. Specific genetic and dietary factors have been found to influence the release and action of incretins. We examined the effect of interactions between seven incretin-related genetic variants in GIPR, KCNQ1, TCF7L2 and WFS1 and dietary components (whey-containing dairy, cereal fibre, coffee and olive oil) on the risk of type 2 diabetes in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)-InterAct study.
Methods
The current case-cohort study included 8086 incident type 2 diabetes cases and a representative subcohort of 11,035 participants (median follow-up: 12.5 years). Prentice-weighted Cox proportional hazard regression models were used to investigate the associations and interactions between the dietary factors and genes in relation to the risk of type 2 diabetes.
Results
An interaction (p = 0.048) between TCF7L2 variants and coffee intake was apparent, with an inverse association between coffee and type 2 diabetes present among carriers of the diabetes risk allele (T) in rs12255372 (GG: HR 0.99 [95% CI 0.97, 1.02] per cup of coffee; GT: HR 0.96 [95% CI 0.93, 0.98]); and TT: HR 0.93 [95% CI 0.88, 0.98]). In addition, an interaction (p = 0.005) between an incretin-specific genetic risk score and coffee was observed, again with a stronger inverse association with coffee in carriers with more risk alleles (0–3 risk alleles: HR 0.99 [95% CI 0.94, 1.04]; 7–10 risk alleles: HR 0.95 [95% CI 0.90, 0.99]). None of these associations were statistically significant after correction for multiple testing.
Conclusions/interpretation
Our large-scale case-cohort study provides some evidence for a possible interaction of TCF7L2 variants and an incretin-specific genetic risk score with coffee consumption in relation to the risk of type 2 diabetes. Further large-scale studies and/or meta-analyses are needed to confirm these interactions in other populations
Long-Term Risk of Incident Type 2 Diabetes and Measures of Overall and Regional Obesity: The EPIC-InterAct Case-Cohort Study
No full text<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Waist circumference (WC) is a simple and reliable measure of fat distribution that may add to the prediction of type 2 diabetes (T2D), but previous studies have been too small to reliably quantify the relative and absolute risk of future diabetes by WC at different levels of body mass index (BMI).</p> <h3>Methods and Findings</h3><p>The prospective InterAct case-cohort study was conducted in 26 centres in eight European countries and consists of 12,403 incident T2D cases and a stratified subcohort of 16,154 individuals from a total cohort of 340,234 participants with 3.99 million person-years of follow-up. We used Prentice-weighted Cox regression and random effects meta-analysis methods to estimate hazard ratios for T2D. Kaplan-Meier estimates of the cumulative incidence of T2D were calculated. BMI and WC were each independently associated with T2D, with WC being a stronger risk factor in women than in men. Risk increased across groups defined by BMI and WC; compared to low normal weight individuals (BMI 18.5–22.4 kg/m<sup>2</sup>) with a low WC (<94/80 cm in men/women), the hazard ratio of T2D was 22.0 (95% confidence interval 14.3; 33.8) in men and 31.8 (25.2; 40.2) in women with grade 2 obesity (BMI≥35 kg/m<sup>2</sup>) and a high WC (>102/88 cm). Among the large group of overweight individuals, WC measurement was highly informative and facilitated the identification of a subgroup of overweight people with high WC whose 10-y T2D cumulative incidence (men, 70 per 1,000 person-years; women, 44 per 1,000 person-years) was comparable to that of the obese group (50–103 per 1,000 person-years in men and 28–74 per 1,000 person-years in women).</p> <h3>Conclusions</h3><p>WC is independently and strongly associated with T2D, particularly in women, and should be more widely measured for risk stratification. If targeted measurement is necessary for reasons of resource scarcity, measuring WC in overweight individuals may be an effective strategy, since it identifies a high-risk subgroup of individuals who could benefit from individualised preventive action.</p> <h3></h3><p> <em>Please see later in the article for the Editors' Summary</em></p> </div
Doctoral Consortium of the 2nd Int. Conference on Process Mining (ICPM 2020)
No full textThe Doctoral Consortium pursues the objectives to provide valuable feedback and guidance to PhD students from experienced researchers, and to promote the development of a community of scholars including both peers and mentors for future careers.
The Doctoral Consortium has the following objectives: to provide valuable feedback on students’ research topics, directions, methods and plans; to help students pitch their research ideas to peers in the research community; to promote the development of a community of scholars that will help students in their future careers; to introduce new scholars to the process mining research community and provide opportunities to meet and interact with experienced researchers
A Bivariate Genome-Wide Approach to Metabolic Syndrome STAMPEED Consortium
No full textOBJECTIVE The metabolic syndrome (MetS) is defined as concomitant disorders of lipid and glucose metabolism, central obesity, and high blood pressure, with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. This study tests whether common genetic variants with pleiotropic effects account for some of the correlated architecture among five metabolic phenotypes that define MetS. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Seven studies of the STAMPEED consortium, comprising 22,161 participants of European ancestry, underwent genome-wide association analyses of metabolic traits using a panel of ∼2.5 million imputed single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Phenotypes were defined by the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) criteria for MetS in pairwise combinations. Individuals exceeding the NCEP thresholds for both traits of a pair were considered affected. RESULTS Twenty-nine common variants were associated with MetS or a pair of traits. Variants in the genes LPL, CETP, APOA5 (and its cluster), GCKR (and its cluster), LIPC, TRIB1, LOC100128354/MTNR1B, ABCB11, and LOC100129150 were further tested for their association with individual qualitative and quantitative traits. None of the 16 top SNPs (one per gene) associated simultaneously with more than two individual traits. Of them 11 variants showed nominal associations with MetS per se. The effects of 16 top SNPs on the quantitative traits were relatively small, together explaining from ∼9% of the variance in triglycerides, 5.8% of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, 3.6% of fasting glucose, and 1.4% of systolic blood pressure. CONCLUSIONS Qualitative and quantitative pleiotropic tests on pairs of traits indicate that a small portion of the covariation in these traits can be explained by the reported common genetic variants
Characteristics of the subcohort by BMI group in men of the InterAct study.
No full text<p>Data are means and SDs for continuous and percentages and frequencies for categorical variables. Twenty men in the subcohort were underweight (BMI<18.5 kg/m<sup>2</sup>) and were excluded from this table; 41 men in the subcohort had missing values for BMI and were excluded from this table.</p>a<p>Data on WC and waist-hip ratio were not collected at the centre in Umea, Sweden (excluded from these summaries).</p>b<p>Family history data were not collected at the centres in Italy, Spain, Oxford, or Heidelberg, so these countries have been excluded when calculating percentages of individuals with/without a family history of diabetes.</p
Characteristics of the subcohort by BMI group in women of the InterAct study.
No full text<p>Data are means and SDs for continuous and percentages and frequencies for categorical variables. 152 women in the subcohort were underweight (BMI<18.5 kg/m<sup>2</sup>) and were excluded from this table; 69 women in the subcohort had missing values for BMI and were excluded from this table.</p>a<p>Data on WC and waist-hip ratio were not collected at the centre in Umea, Sweden (excluded from these summaries).</p>b<p>Family history data were not collected at the centres in Italy, Spain, Oxford, or Heidelberg, so these countries have been excluded when calculating percentages of individuals with/without a family history of diabetes.</p
Characteristics of the sub-cohort of the EPIC-InterAct project by categories of tea consumption (<i>n</i> = 15,227).
No full text<p>Values are expressed as Mean (Standard Deviation), Median (p25–p75), or percentage.</p>1<p>Based on <i>n</i> = 13,345, because information about hyperlipidemia was not collected in one center of Sweden.</p>2<p>Based on <i>n</i> = 8,802, because information about family history of diabetes was not collected in Italy, Spain, one center of Germany, and one center of the United Kingdom.</p>3<p>Based on <i>n</i> = 14,262, because information about a history of stroke was not collected in one center of Sweden.</p>4<p>Based on <i>n</i> = 10,168, because information about a history of angina was not collected in Sweden, The Netherlands, and one center of Germany.</p
Investigation of gene-diet interactions in the incretin system and risk of type 2 diabetes: the EPIC-InterAct study
No full textAims/hypothesis: The gut incretin hormones glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide (GIP) have a major role in the pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes. Specific genetic and dietary factors have been found to influence the release and action of incretins. We examined interactions between 7 incretin-related genetic variants in GIPR, KCNQ1, TCF7L2 and WFS1 and dietary components (whey-containing dairy, cereal fibre, coffee, olive oil) on risk of type 2 diabetes in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) - InterAct study. Methods: The current case-cohort study included 8086 incident type 2 diabetes cases and a representative sub-cohort of 11,035 participants (median follow-up, 12.5 years). Prentice-weighted Cox proportional hazard regression models were used to investigate the association and interaction between the dietary factors and genes in relation to risk of type 2 diabetes. Results: An interaction (p=0.048) between TCF7L2 variants and coffee intake on type 2 diabetes risk was apparent, with an inverse association with coffee only present among carriers of the diabetes risk allele (T) in rs12255372 (GG: HR (95%CI) = 0.99 (0.97;,1.02) per cup of coffee; GT: HR (95%CI) = 0.96 (0.93;, 0.98); and TT: HR (95%CI) = 0.93 (0.88;,0.98)). In addition, an interaction (p=0.005) between an incretin-specific genetic risk score and coffee was observed, again with a stronger inverse association between coffee and type 2 diabetes in carriers with more risk alleles (0-3 risk alleles: HR (95%CI) = 0.99 (0.94;,1.04); 7-10 risk alleles: HR (95%CI) = 0.95 (0.90;,0.99)). None of these associations was statistically significant after correction for multiple testing. Conclusions/interpretation: Our large-scale case-cohort study provides some evidence for a possible interaction between TCF7L2 variants as well as an incretin- specific genetic risk score and coffee consumption on risk of type 2 diabetes. Further large-scale studies and/or meta-analyses are needed for confirming this interaction in other populations
Leading transformation in ITE teaching within the EI consortium
No full textInterdisciplinary teaching and learning has become a key aspect in developing innovative 21st century education.
Ofsted and OECD stress the importance of using knowledge across disciplines when solving current global
problems and trying to answer Big Questions. Epistemic insight or ‘knowledge about knowledge’, and how
disciplines work and interact, is an effective and innovative pedagogy to develop knowledge about nature of
disciplines, critical thinking and effective use of knowledge across them. The Epistemic Insight (EI) consortium
was formed and developed as a part of Epistemic Insight Initiative in 2019 and has grown to a collaboration of
10 universities providing initial teacher education (ITE). The consortium partners have co-created research and
research-informed, interactive teaching and learning resources to aid a holistic approach to Big Questions and
solving real-world problems. As consortium leader, I will share my experience of leading this transformation,
as well as research findings gathered collectively through working with tutors and ITE students across the
consortium (Primary and Secondary). The research within the consortium has led to the development of EI
among teacher trainees through participation in a variety of innovative workshops. The presentation will share
successful examples of implementation of EI into ITE curricula, using bespoke strategies and resources, which
developed teachers’ EI, curiosity, critical thinking and appreciation of how linking sciences with humanities may
inform our thinking
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