713 research outputs found
El Tlacuache Núm. 529 (2012). 529 Año 13 (2012) julio. El Tlacuache
No full text¿Cómo proteger yacimientos paleontológicos?, lo experiencia del INAH en Coahuila por Felisa J. Aguilar. -Adorando a los dioses en el universo Olmeca: los incensarios de Zazacatla por Jaime F. Reséndiz M
Trading arrangements and industrial development
No full textHow do different trading arrangements influence the industrialization process of developing countries? Can preferential trading arrangements (PTAs) be superior to multilateral liberalization, or at least an alternative when multilateral liberalization proceeds slowly? If so, what form should the PTAs take? Are developing countries better advised to seek PTAs with industrial countries or among themselves? Traditional analysis of these issues has been based on the idea of trade creation and trade diversion. The problem with this analysis is that it starts from assuming a pattern of comparative advantage of newly industrialized countries. The experience of these countries suggests the need for an analysis in which the pattern of comparative advantage is not set in stone but is potentially flexible, and in which less developed countries can develop and converge in both income and economic structure to industrial economies. The authors outline an alternative approach for analyzing the role of trade in promoting industrial development. There are few fundamental differences between countries that generate immutable patterns of comparative advantage. Instead the pattern of trade and development in the world economy is determined mainly by history. Cumulative causation has created concentrations of industrial activity in particular locations (industrial countries) and left other areas more dependent on primary activities. Economic development can be thought of as the spread of these concentrations from country to country. Different trading arrangements may have a major impact on this development process. By changing the attractiveness of countries as a base for manufacturing production they can potentially trigger or postpone industrial development. This approach explains why firms are reluctant to move to economies that have lower wages and labor costs, and shows how trade liberalization can change the incentives to become established in developing countries. It provides a mechanism through which import liberalization can have a powerful effect in promoting industrialization. And it suggests that import liberalization may create or amplify differences between liberalizing countries with the possible political tensions this may create. While these features are consistent with the world economy, they fall short of providing convincing empirical support for the approach. Using the approach, the authors derive number of conclusions about the effects of trade liberalization. First, that unilaterally liberalizing imports of manufactures can promote development of the local manufacturing industry. The mechanism is forward linkages from imported intermediates, but this may be interpreted as part of a wider package of linkages coming from these imports. Second, the gains from liberalization through PTA membership are likely to exceed those obtained from unilateral action. South-South PTAs will be sensitive to the market size of member states, and North-South PTAs seem to offer better prospects for participating Southern economies, if not for North and excluded countries. Third, the effects of particular schemes (such as the division of benefits between Southern economies) will depend on the characteristics of the countries and cross-country differences in these characteristics.Economic Theory&Research,Environmental Economics&Policies,Water and Industry,Labor Policies,Banks&Banking Reform,Economic Theory&Research,Environmental Economics&Policies,TF054105-DONOR FUNDED OPERATION ADMINISTRATION FEE INCOME AND EXPENSE ACCOUNT,Trade and Regional Integration,Water and Industry
Occupational Therapy’s Role in the Criminal Justice System: A Scoping Review
No full textAbstract
Date Presented 4/1/2017
This scoping review maps the range of literature and emerging evidence articulating the role of occupational therapy (OT) in criminal justice systems. Practice guidelines for OT in these settings do not currently exist. This synthesis provides useful data for occupational therapists interested in growing the profession in these settings.
Primary Author and Speaker: Jaime Muñoz
Additional Authors and Speakers: Justin T. McTish, Joelle M. Ruggeri, Gesina Phillips
Contributing Authors: Abigail Catalano</jats:p
Lessons of trade liberalization in Latin America for economies in transition
No full textAfter four decades as prime examples of inward-looking trade policies and import-substituting industrialization, several Latin American countries undertook comprehensive trade liberalization and macroeconomic adjustment in the 1980s. The authors contend that the experiences in those countries are relevant for the economies in Eastern Europe and the former Soviet Union in transition from socialism to market economies. In all of these Latin American countries, the move toward an outward orientation occurred: when the economy was facing a large negative external shock because of falling terms of trade and rising debt payments; after several decades of protectionism; and under severe macroeconomic imbalances. The authors study the reform package of trade liberalization, stabilization, and supporting policies in Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, Mexico, and Uruguay. They conclude that for the economies in transition: Rationalizing the foreign trade regime is crucial for the success of stabilization measures. Rapid, far-reaching reform is possible in sectors that were subject to prolonged periods of heavy protection. Sustained growth requires a comprehensive reform package, with supporting policies for labor, capital, and domestic product markets. Liberalization of the financial sector requires investigating the links between commercial banks and private sector firms. If trade liberalization is to succeed in the long run, it is important to study the evolution of the real exchange rate and measures to stabilize it. In the final section of the paper, the authors study the recent impetus toward trade liberalization through regional arrangements in Latin America. The issue is relevant to countries in Eastern Europe and the former Soviet Union because they belonged to the CMEA, a regional trading arrangement, and because such arrangements are evolving anew among countries in the former Soviet Union.Economic Theory&Research,Environmental Economics&Policies,Economic Stabilization,TF054105-DONOR FUNDED OPERATION ADMINISTRATION FEE INCOME AND EXPENSE ACCOUNT,Macroeconomic Management
Export quota allocations, export earnings and market diversifications
No full textNon-tariff barriers (NTBs) present a growing threat to a liberal world-trading system and slow the reallocation of production of mature industries from developed to developing countries. Among NTBs, voluntary export restraints (VERs) are proliferating and constitute a major element of the"new protectionism". It has been repeatedly observed that export markets which are not currently part of the VER agreement often follow suit and enter into a VER agreement. Exporting countries may then wish to prepare themselves for this eventuality by actively promoting export diversification towards non-restricted countries as a precautionary measure against future restrictions. Section II of this paper briefly describes how export diversification is typically achieved. In Section III, a simple model is set up that analyzes the implications of the two tier quota allocation rule. Section IV briefly examines alternative instruments and motivations for achieving export diversification. Implications are also drawn for policy actions by nonrestricted countries and the suggestion made that the recent increase in anti-dumping cases may be linked to this two-tier quota allocation practice.Economic Theory&Research,Markets and Market Access,Access to Markets,Environmental Economics&Policies,TF054105-DONOR FUNDED OPERATION ADMINISTRATION FEE INCOME AND EXPENSE ACCOUNT
Industrial organization and trade liberalization : evidence from Korea
No full textDrawing on evidence about industrial organization and market structure, the authors develop a computable general equilibrium model in selected industrial sectors with increasing returns to scale. They use this model to estimate the welfare gains Korea would realize from abolishing the import restraints prevailing in 1982. Under constant returns to scale, they estimate welfare gains to be 1 percent of GDP. With increasing returns to scale in three industrial sectors, they estimate welfare gains ranging from -0.5 percent to 10 percent of 1982 GDP, depending on assumptions about the pricing behavior (markup pricing or Cournot competition) and profit levels that existed under protection.Economic Theory&Research,Environmental Economics&Policies,Markets and Market Access,Access to Markets,TF054105-DONOR FUNDED OPERATION ADMINISTRATION FEE INCOME AND EXPENSE ACCOUNT
Las mujeres de Teotihuacán: prestigio, poder e incertidumbre. 52. Arqueología
No full textPoco se sabe de las mujeres en Teotihuacán, de su papel como lideresas de un grupo, representantes de cargos políticos, o como transmisoras de bienes materiales y simbólicos de los linajes existentes. Tampoco se tienen mayores datos sobre el nacimiento de los niños y su íntima relación con estas mujeres. En esta oportunidad presentamos al lector un conjunto de evidencias y referentes históricos que postulan al nacimiento de un niño, bajo cuidado y custodia de las mujeres del linaje, como uno de los mecanismos que movilizaron los engranajes de un sistema de poder político de Teotihuacán y que en ese momento las colocaba en lo más alto de la estructura social.Barabas, Alicia y Alberto Bartolomé
1997. Resistencia maya: relaciones interétnicas en la península de Yucatán. México, IIA-UNAM.Benavente, fray Toribio de (Motolinía)
1971. Memoriales o libros de las cosas de la Nueva España y de los naturales de ella. México, UNAM.Cabrera, Rubén
2003. “La Ventilla, un modelo de barrio en la estructura urbana de la ciudad de Teotihuacán”. En
Alba Guadalupe Mastache, Robert Cobean, Ángel García Cook, Kenneth G. Hirth (eds.), El urbanismo en Mesoamérica (Vol. 2). México, UNAM.1987. “La secuencia arquitectónica del Edificio de los Animales Mitológicos en Teotihuacan”. En
Homenaje a Román Piña Chan (pp. 349371). México, unam.Civera, Magali
2003. “Los entierros del barrio de los comerciantes”. En Linda Manzanilla y Carlos Serrano (eds.), Practicas funerarias en la ciudad de los dioses. México, UNAM.Conides, Cynthia y Warren Barbour
2002. “Tocados dentro del paisaje arquitectónico y social de Teotihuacán”. En Ideologías y política
a social de Teotihuacán”. En Ideologías y política a
través de las imágenes y símbolos. México, UNAM/ Conaculta INAH.Cowgill, George
1974. Cuantitative Studies of Urbanization at Teotihuacan in Mesoamerican Archaeology New
Appoaches, (pp. 385386). Austin, University of Texas Press.Cyphers Tomic, Ann
1984. “The Possible Role of a Woman in Formative exchanger”. En K. Hirth (ed.), Trade and Exchange
in Early Mesoamerica (pp. 115124). Albuquerque, University of New Mexico Press.Delgado, Jaime
2000. “Nuevos datos para el estudio de la Avenida Este de la antigua ciudad de Teotihuacan”, Tesis
de licenciatura, enahinah, México.2014. “Indicios de los poderes intermedios del estado en la Ventilla Teotihuacan”. Arqueología 48:
110122.Durán, fray Diego
1967. Historia de las indias de la Nueva España e Islas de tierra firme (2 vols). México, Porrúa.Duverger, Christian
2007. El primer mestizaje. México, Taurus.Eliade, Mircea
1972. Tratado de historia de las religiones. México, Era.Enning, Cornelia
2007. Placenta: The Gift of Life, Eugene, Mottherba by Press.Galinier, Jacques
1990. La mitad del mundo. Cuerpo y cosmos en los rituales otomíes. México, IIA-UNAM/CEMCA/INI.Garnet, Marcel
1922. “Le dêpot de L’enfant sur le sol. Rites anciens et ordalies mythiques”. Revue Archéologique
XIV: 305361.Gómez, Sergio
2014. Camino bajo la tierra. Simposio Resultados Preliminares de las Investigaciones del Proyecto
Tlalocan... Ciudad de México, Museo Nacional de Antropología. Recuperado de http://www.mna.inah.
gob.mx/agenda.2002. “Presencia del Occidente de México en Teotihuacán. Aproximaciones a la política exterior del Estado Teotihuacano”. En M. E. Ruiz (ed.), Ideología y política a través de materiales, imáge- nes y símbolos. Memoria de la Primera Mesa Redonda de Teotihuacán (pp. 563625). México, IIA/IIE/UNAM.Gómez Chávez, Sergio y Jaime Núñez
1999. “Análisis preliminar del patrón y la distribu ción espacial de los entierros en el Barrio de
la Ventilla”. En Prácticas funerarias en la ciudad de los dioses: enterramientos humanos en
Teotihuacán (pp. 81147), México, DGAPA/IIA UNAM.González Torres, Yolotl
2007. “Notas del maíz entre los indígenas mesoame ricanos antiguos y modernos”. Dimensión Antropo-
lógica 41: 4580.Gottner-Abendroth, Heide
1997. Das Matriarchat II.2. Contemporay Matrial chal Societies in America, India, África Verlag
Kohlhammer Stuttgart. Recuperado de ww.matriarchiv.ch/.../H6AE MatriarchalSociety. Linaje significado. Recuperado de http://org/wiki/ linaje.Harris, Marvin
1986. Caníbales y reyes: los orígenes de la cultura. Barcelona, Alianza.1997. Antropología cultural (9ª. ed.). Barcelona, Alianza.Ibarra, Laura
1996. “Las ideas sobre la mujer en los tiempos más antiguos de Mesoamérica”. Estudios de Cultura
Náhuatl, 26: 117132.Kelley, David
1962. “Glyphic Evidence for a Dynastic, Sequence at Quirigua, Guatemala”. Latin American Antiquity
27: 323-335.Levi Strauss, Claude
1998. Las estructuras fundamentales del parentes- co. Barcelona, Paidós Ibérica. Linaje”.
Wikipedia. Recuperado de https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/LinajeLópez Austin, Alfredo
2004. Cuerpo humano e ideología. México, iia unam.2012. Cosmovisión y pensamiento indígena. México, IIA UNAM.Manzanilla Naim, Linda Rose
2007. “Las casas nobles de los barrios de Teotihua cán: estructuras exclusionistas en un entorno
corporativo”. Ponencia para la XXVIII Mesa Redonda de Sociedad Mexicana de Antropología. Ciudad de
México.Matos Moctezuma, Eduardo
2011. “La cosmovisión de los aztecas”. Recuperado de http://www.mexicodesconocido.com.mx/Menéndez Pidal de Navascués
2006. El linaje y sus signos de identidad. Madrid, Universidad Complutense de Madrid.Millon, René
1973. Urbanization at Teotihuacan. Austin, Texas University Press.Munch, Guido
1994. Etnología del Istmo veracruzano. México, iiaunam.Murdock George
1967. “Ethnographic Atlas”. Recuperado de http:// eclectic.ss.uci.edu, Nuestro maíz (1982).
Recuperado de https://books.google.es/books/Museo Nacional de Culturas Populares
1982. Nuestro maíz. Treinta monografías populares (2 vols.). México, Museo Nacional de Culturas
Populares/CONAFE SEP.Nájera Martha, Ilia
2000. El umbral hacia la vida: el nacimiento entre los mayas contemporáneos. México, UNAM.Nash, June
1980. “Aztec Woman: The Transition from Status to Class in Empire and Colony”. En Etienne Mona y
Eleanor Leacock (eds.), Women and Colonization: Anthropological Perspectives (pp. 134148). Nueva
York, Praeger.Pasztory, Esther
1971. “The Murals of Tepantitla, Teotihuacan México”. Tesis de doctorado. Columbia University,
Nueva York.Paulinyi, Zoltan
2006. “The Great Goddess of Teotihuacan: Fiction or Reality?”. Ancient Mesoamerica 17 (1): 115.Ponce de León, Pedro
1965. “Tratado de los dioses y ritos de la gentilidad”. En Teología e historia de los mexicanos.
Tres opúsculos del siglo XVI (ed. de Ángel María Garibay K.). México, Porrúa.Proskuriakoff, Tatiana
1963. “Historical Data in the Inscriptions of Yaxchi lán” (primera parte). Estudios de Cultura
Maya 3: 149167.Rattray, Evelin Childs
1985. Cerámica, cronología y tendencias culturales. México/Pittsburgh, inah (Serie Arqueología de
México)/University of Pittsburgh.Rodríguez, Ernesto y Jaime Delgado 1997. “Una ofrenda cerámica al este de la
antigua ciudad de Teotihuacán” (2ª. Época),
Arqueología 18: 48.Sahagún, fray Bernardino de
1956. Historia General de las cosas de la Nueva España (anotaciones y apéndice de Ángel María
Garibay K., 4 vols). México, Porrúa.Sánchez Sánchez, Evaristo
2004. “Influencia religiosa y su correspondencia pictórica entre Teotihuacán y la Costa del Golfo”.
En María Elena Ruiz Gallut y Arturo Pascual Soto (eds.), La Costa del Golfo en tiempos
teotihuacanos: propuestas y perspectivas. Memoria de la Segunda Mesa Redonda de Teotihuacán.
México, INAH.Schele, Linda y Marie Ellen Miller
1986. The Blood of Kings: The Blood of Kings Dynasty and Ritual in Maya. Fort Worth, George Braziller/Kimbell Art Museum.Scott, Sue
2000. “The Terracotta Figurines from Sigvald Linné’s Excavations at Teotihuacán”. famsi. Recupe
rado de http://www.famsi.org/ reports/99100/99100Scott01.pdfSerra Puche, Mari Carmen y Carlos Lazcano
1997. “XochitecatlCacaxtla en el periodo Epiclási co”. Arqueología 28: 85-102.Serrano, Carlos y Zaid Lagunas
2003. “Prácticas mortuorias prehispánicas en un barrio de artesanos (La Ventilla B)”. En Prácticas
funerarias en la ciudad de los dioses: los enterra- mientos humanos de la antigua Teotihuacan.
México, IIA7UNAM.Storey, Rebeca y Randolph J. Widmer
2003. “The Important Dimensions of Tlajinga 33 graves” (pp. 203218). En Linda Manzanilla y Carlos
Serrano (eds.), Prácticas funerarias en la ciudad de los dioses: los enterramientos humanos de la
antigua Teotihuacan. México, IIA/UNAM.Taube, Karl
2002. “La serpiente emplumada en Teotihuacán”.
Arqueología Mexicana IX (53): 36-41.Tschudi, Jakob von
1918. Contribuciones a la historia. Civilización lingüística del Perú antiguo (Libros y documentos
referentes a la historia del Perú, II). Lima, Sanmartí.Villanueva, Gerardo
1997. “Informe de los resultados obtenidos en el análisis de los restos orgánicos en los sitios
excava dos” (mecanoescrito), Proyecto Arqueológico de Salvamento Carretera MéxicoTuxpan
Libramiento Pirámides, Archivo de la Dirección de Salvamento Arqueológico INAH, México
Underwater Acoustic Modems
No full text© 2016 IEEE. Personal use of this material is permitted. Permission from IEEE must be obtained for all other uses, in any current or future media, including reprinting/republishing this material for advertising or promotional purposes, creating new collective works, for resale or redistribution to servers or lists, or reuse of any copyrighted component of this work in other works.Due to the growing interest using underwater acoustic networks, there are more and more research papers about underwater communications. These papers are mainly focused on deployments and studies about the constraints of the underwater medium. The underwater acoustic channel is highly variable and the signal transmission can change according to environmental factors such as the temperature, pressure or salinity of the water. For this reason, it is important to know how these devices are developed and the maximum distance and data transfer rates they can achieve. To this end, this paper presents an exhaustive study of existing underwater acoustic modems where their main features are highlighted. We also review the main features of their hardware. All presented proposals in the research literature are compared with commercial underwater acoustic modems. Finally, we analyze different programs and improvements of existing network simulators that are often used to simulate and estimate the behavior of underwater networks.This work was supported by the Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion through the Plan Nacional de I+D+i 2008-2011 within the Subprograma de Proyectos de Investigacion Fundamental under Project TEC2011-27516. The associate editor coordinating the review of this paper and approving it for publication was Dr. Lei Shu. (Corresponding author: Jaime Lloret.)Sendra, Sandra;Lloret, Jaime;Jimenez, Jose M.;Parra-Boronat, L. (2015). Underwater Acoustic Modems. IEEE Sensors Journal. 16(11):4063-4071. https://doi.org/10.1109/JSEN.2015.2434890S40634071161
Las mujeres de Teotihuacán: prestigio, poder e incertidumbre. 52. Arqueología
No full textPoco se sabe de las mujeres en Teotihuacán, de su papel como lideresas de un grupo, representantes de cargos políticos, o como transmisoras de bienes materiales y simbólicos de los linajes existentes. Tampoco se tienen mayores datos sobre el nacimiento de los niños y su íntima relación con estas mujeres. En esta oportunidad presentamos al lector un conjunto de evidencias y referentes históricos que postulan al nacimiento de un niño, bajo cuidado y custodia de las mujeres del linaje, como uno de los mecanismos que movilizaron los engranajes de un sistema de poder político de Teotihuacán y que en ese momento las colocaba en lo más alto de la estructura social.Barabas, Alicia y Alberto Bartolomé
1997. Resistencia maya: relaciones interétnicas en la península de Yucatán. México, IIA-UNAM.Benavente, fray Toribio de (Motolinía)
1971. Memoriales o libros de las cosas de la Nueva España y de los naturales de ella. México, UNAM.Cabrera, Rubén
2003. “La Ventilla, un modelo de barrio en la estructura urbana de la ciudad de Teotihuacán”. En
Alba Guadalupe Mastache, Robert Cobean, Ángel García Cook, Kenneth G. Hirth (eds.), El urbanismo en Mesoamérica (Vol. 2). México, UNAM.1987. “La secuencia arquitectónica del Edificio de los Animales Mitológicos en Teotihuacan”. En
Homenaje a Román Piña Chan (pp. 349371). México, unam.Civera, Magali
2003. “Los entierros del barrio de los comerciantes”. En Linda Manzanilla y Carlos Serrano (eds.), Practicas funerarias en la ciudad de los dioses. México, UNAM.Conides, Cynthia y Warren Barbour
2002. “Tocados dentro del paisaje arquitectónico y social de Teotihuacán”. En Ideologías y política
a social de Teotihuacán”. En Ideologías y política a
través de las imágenes y símbolos. México, UNAM/ Conaculta INAH.Cowgill, George
1974. Cuantitative Studies of Urbanization at Teotihuacan in Mesoamerican Archaeology New
Appoaches, (pp. 385386). Austin, University of Texas Press.Cyphers Tomic, Ann
1984. “The Possible Role of a Woman in Formative exchanger”. En K. Hirth (ed.), Trade and Exchange
in Early Mesoamerica (pp. 115124). Albuquerque, University of New Mexico Press.Delgado, Jaime
2000. “Nuevos datos para el estudio de la Avenida Este de la antigua ciudad de Teotihuacan”, Tesis
de licenciatura, enahinah, México.2014. “Indicios de los poderes intermedios del estado en la Ventilla Teotihuacan”. Arqueología 48:
110122.Durán, fray Diego
1967. Historia de las indias de la Nueva España e Islas de tierra firme (2 vols). México, Porrúa.Duverger, Christian
2007. El primer mestizaje. México, Taurus.Eliade, Mircea
1972. Tratado de historia de las religiones. México, Era.Enning, Cornelia
2007. Placenta: The Gift of Life, Eugene, Mottherba by Press.Galinier, Jacques
1990. La mitad del mundo. Cuerpo y cosmos en los rituales otomíes. México, IIA-UNAM/CEMCA/INI.Garnet, Marcel
1922. “Le dêpot de L’enfant sur le sol. Rites anciens et ordalies mythiques”. Revue Archéologique
XIV: 305361.Gómez, Sergio
2014. Camino bajo la tierra. Simposio Resultados Preliminares de las Investigaciones del Proyecto
Tlalocan... Ciudad de México, Museo Nacional de Antropología. Recuperado de http://www.mna.inah.
gob.mx/agenda.2002. “Presencia del Occidente de México en Teotihuacán. Aproximaciones a la política exterior del Estado Teotihuacano”. En M. E. Ruiz (ed.), Ideología y política a través de materiales, imáge- nes y símbolos. Memoria de la Primera Mesa Redonda de Teotihuacán (pp. 563625). México, IIA/IIE/UNAM.Gómez Chávez, Sergio y Jaime Núñez
1999. “Análisis preliminar del patrón y la distribu ción espacial de los entierros en el Barrio de
la Ventilla”. En Prácticas funerarias en la ciudad de los dioses: enterramientos humanos en
Teotihuacán (pp. 81147), México, DGAPA/IIA UNAM.González Torres, Yolotl
2007. “Notas del maíz entre los indígenas mesoame ricanos antiguos y modernos”. Dimensión Antropo-
lógica 41: 4580.Gottner-Abendroth, Heide
1997. Das Matriarchat II.2. Contemporay Matrial chal Societies in America, India, África Verlag
Kohlhammer Stuttgart. Recuperado de ww.matriarchiv.ch/.../H6AE MatriarchalSociety. Linaje significado. Recuperado de http://org/wiki/ linaje.Harris, Marvin
1986. Caníbales y reyes: los orígenes de la cultura. Barcelona, Alianza.1997. Antropología cultural (9ª. ed.). Barcelona, Alianza.Ibarra, Laura
1996. “Las ideas sobre la mujer en los tiempos más antiguos de Mesoamérica”. Estudios de Cultura
Náhuatl, 26: 117132.Kelley, David
1962. “Glyphic Evidence for a Dynastic, Sequence at Quirigua, Guatemala”. Latin American Antiquity
27: 323-335.Levi Strauss, Claude
1998. Las estructuras fundamentales del parentes- co. Barcelona, Paidós Ibérica. Linaje”.
Wikipedia. Recuperado de https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/LinajeLópez Austin, Alfredo
2004. Cuerpo humano e ideología. México, iia unam.2012. Cosmovisión y pensamiento indígena. México, IIA UNAM.Manzanilla Naim, Linda Rose
2007. “Las casas nobles de los barrios de Teotihua cán: estructuras exclusionistas en un entorno
corporativo”. Ponencia para la XXVIII Mesa Redonda de Sociedad Mexicana de Antropología. Ciudad de
México.Matos Moctezuma, Eduardo
2011. “La cosmovisión de los aztecas”. Recuperado de http://www.mexicodesconocido.com.mx/Menéndez Pidal de Navascués
2006. El linaje y sus signos de identidad. Madrid, Universidad Complutense de Madrid.Millon, René
1973. Urbanization at Teotihuacan. Austin, Texas University Press.Munch, Guido
1994. Etnología del Istmo veracruzano. México, iiaunam.Murdock George
1967. “Ethnographic Atlas”. Recuperado de http:// eclectic.ss.uci.edu, Nuestro maíz (1982).
Recuperado de https://books.google.es/books/Museo Nacional de Culturas Populares
1982. Nuestro maíz. Treinta monografías populares (2 vols.). México, Museo Nacional de Culturas
Populares/CONAFE SEP.Nájera Martha, Ilia
2000. El umbral hacia la vida: el nacimiento entre los mayas contemporáneos. México, UNAM.Nash, June
1980. “Aztec Woman: The Transition from Status to Class in Empire and Colony”. En Etienne Mona y
Eleanor Leacock (eds.), Women and Colonization: Anthropological Perspectives (pp. 134148). Nueva
York, Praeger.Pasztory, Esther
1971. “The Murals of Tepantitla, Teotihuacan México”. Tesis de doctorado. Columbia University,
Nueva York.Paulinyi, Zoltan
2006. “The Great Goddess of Teotihuacan: Fiction or Reality?”. Ancient Mesoamerica 17 (1): 115.Ponce de León, Pedro
1965. “Tratado de los dioses y ritos de la gentilidad”. En Teología e historia de los mexicanos.
Tres opúsculos del siglo XVI (ed. de Ángel María Garibay K.). México, Porrúa.Proskuriakoff, Tatiana
1963. “Historical Data in the Inscriptions of Yaxchi lán” (primera parte). Estudios de Cultura
Maya 3: 149167.Rattray, Evelin Childs
1985. Cerámica, cronología y tendencias culturales. México/Pittsburgh, inah (Serie Arqueología de
México)/University of Pittsburgh.Rodríguez, Ernesto y Jaime Delgado 1997. “Una ofrenda cerámica al este de la
antigua ciudad de Teotihuacán” (2ª. Época),
Arqueología 18: 48.Sahagún, fray Bernardino de
1956. Historia General de las cosas de la Nueva España (anotaciones y apéndice de Ángel María
Garibay K., 4 vols). México, Porrúa.Sánchez Sánchez, Evaristo
2004. “Influencia religiosa y su correspondencia pictórica entre Teotihuacán y la Costa del Golfo”.
En María Elena Ruiz Gallut y Arturo Pascual Soto (eds.), La Costa del Golfo en tiempos
teotihuacanos: propuestas y perspectivas. Memoria de la Segunda Mesa Redonda de Teotihuacán.
México, INAH.Schele, Linda y Marie Ellen Miller
1986. The Blood of Kings: The Blood of Kings Dynasty and Ritual in Maya. Fort Worth, George Braziller/Kimbell Art Museum.Scott, Sue
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Spectral Wave Dissipation by Vegetation: A new frequency distributed dissipation model in SWAN
No full textClimate change puts under pressure existing and future coastal interventions. Growing threats like sea-level rise and intensity of storms require solutions to be adaptable and resilient. Nature-based solutions have shown to tackle these challenges while providing social, environmental, and economic benefits. The role of vegetation in coastal protection is increasingly recognized. Aquatic vegetation reduces erosion, storm surge, and incoming wave height. Large-scale modeling of waves with spectral wave models such as SWAN is indispensable for the design of coastal structures and the assessment of flood risk. Wave dissipation due to vegetation can be modeled in SWAN as increased bottom friction (implicit modeling) or as an additional dissipation function (explicit modeling). The second assumes that vegetation can be represented as rigid cylinders or plates (canopies) with different properties. While some studies concluded that implicit modeling reproduces the spectral evolution of field measurements more closely, others concluded the opposite.Within the BE-SAFE project, field campaigns measured the spectral energy distribution over salt marshes in the Dutch Wadden Sea during several winter storms. The vegetated foreshore in front of the coastal dike got submerged over 2 m of water during high tide and storm surge. The measurements deployed wave gauges over the study transect, which was defined between the pioneer zone marsh edge and the near-dike location (300 m behind the salt marsh). Calibrating the implicit and explicit models in SWAN brought the modeled total wave energy decay closer to the measurement. Nevertheless, the spectral shape, which describes the energy distribution over frequencies, still showed significant and not yet understood differences near the dike.A methodology was executed to investigate the mechanisms that could reduce the spectral mismatch between the SWAN wave model and measurements over vegetation. First, the literature highlighted possible mechanisms that could be incorporated for this purpose. Next, a new frequency-distributed explicit dissipation model of Jacobsen et al. (2019) was implemented in SWAN and compared to implicit and explicit models using lab and field measurements.The results showed that the newly implemented model accurately captures the physics and the change of spectral shapes for all experimentally tested wave conditions and submergences. In contrast, the existing implicit and explicit dissipation models in SWAN reproduce the spectral evolution only under certain circumstances. In the validation and comparison to the field measurements with a much larger water depth than the vegetation height, the model of Jacobsen et al. (2019) correctly captured the vegetation's physical representation and the dissipation on the wind-sea frequencies. Nevertheless, the amount of energy on low frequencies was largely underpredicted by all frequency-distributed models. Therefore, the model of Jacobsen et al. (2019) was modified to include flexibility in a frequency-dependent reduction factor that reproduced the energy decay of the measurements in all frequency regions. Other mechanisms that could be responsible for the mismatch before and over the marsh are the redistribution of energy by non-linear triad interactions, generation of infra-gravity waves, and near-shore currents caused by horizontal variations on the vegetation properties.The present research provides the range of conditions in which the tested explicit and implicit energy dissipation functions in SWAN are able to simulate the spectral evolution over rigid canopies and flexible salt-marsh vegetation. A new version of SWAN includes a new frequency-distributed explicit model that performed more accurately than existing models for rigid canopies. The physical insights from the research contributed to developing additional versions of SWAN, which performed closely to the energy distribution of the measurements over deeply submerged and flexible salt marsh vegetation species. References:Jacobsen, McFall, Van der A (2019). A frequency distributed dissipation model for canopies. Coastal Engineering, 150, 135-146
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