1,355,477 research outputs found
Compendio Di Cirugia Utilissimo A Gli Studiosi, Et Che Vogliono Esercitare Tale Arte
No full textIm EDIT 16 mehrbändig aufgenommenMit Druckermarke und einem Diagramm im Text, es handelt sich um HolzschnitteEDIT 16 CNCE 16105Vorlageform der Veröffentlichungsangabe: In Venetia, Appresso Francesco Sansovino, Et Compagni, MDLX. - Kolophon: In Venetia, Appresso Francesco Sansovino, Et Compagni, MDLX
A neuroscientist-consumer alliance to transform mental health care
No full textThe field of mental health has long suffered from a lack of convergence of disciplines that deal with the mind, the brain, and behavior. This mind-brain dualism has been particularly detrimental for consumers and their families who daily face stigma and discrimination. The understanding of the brain and its dysfunctions has benefited from the study of the human genome and, in particular, of the mutations and variations in its code. This analysis permits a better understanding of the biological basis of mental disease and will soon inform a generation of new diagnostic tools and individualized pharmacological therapies. A biological perspective on mental illness will be complemented by the analysis of the social factors influencing people's behavior and their impact on brain biology and gene function. Neurobiology has progressed to a level for which the knowledge that is generated, even if still colored with uncertainty, could represent a catalyst for the creation of an alliance between neuroscientists and consumers. This partnership has the potential to benefit both parties but will require some concrete steps that might be outside of the usual courses of action for both consumers and scientists. It is by building collaborations based on personal contact and information sharing that a transformation of the mental health care system can occur. © 2006 National Council for Community Behavioral Healthcare
Implementing performance-based funding for health research: when governance and procedural fairness matter
No full textThe article examines the implementation by the Italian Ministry of Health of performance-based funding to allocate resources for research to IRCCS (Istituti di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico) hospitals. The analysis provides evidence that ten years from its introduction the performance-based funding system has persisted, but it has been implemented rather differently from what had been imagined by its proponents. By drawing on the theoretical frameworks of policy implementation,
agency, and relational contracting, the study establishes that the overall design of the system has contributed to this final outcome only to a limited extent. Rather, the lack of procedural fairness, as
well as of political leadership in linking the system to national research priorities, has undermined the basis for trust between hospitals and the Ministry of Health. The article discusses how, in
this, the governance of performance-based funding and its strong ownership by the ministerial bureaucracy has been determinant
International Pathways to Mental Health System Transformation: Strategies and Challenges
No full textA wide range of funding mechanisms, organizational
structures, political institutions and cultural and professional traditions characterize the mental health service systems of Australia, Canada, England, Italy, New Zealand, Scotland, and the United States. Despite these differences, an analysis of policy documents and reports from these seven countries reveals a striking national-level policy consensus about the need for substantial if not radical change of their respective mental health systems. The congruence of vision, values, and priorities in their reform efforts strongly argues for the importance
of ongoing international dialogue and exchange. This implicit agreement on a change agenda invites opportunities for collaboration in systems design and planning, innovation and implementation, and strategies for change, along with services researc
Pharmaceutical companies and Italian Regional Governments: Managing relationships in an increasing institutional complexity
No full textIn Italy, the process of power decentralization to Regional Governments has particularly affected pharmaceutical care policies.
Regions are experimenting with various strategies to govern drugs utilization and expenditure, and differentiating their
approaches, leading to an ever-changing and complex institutional scenario.
Pharmaceutical companies have created new professional roles, the Regional Affairs Managers (RAM), with the mandate
to monitor the different regional contexts and measures, and to establish relationships with the public actors in charge of
pharmaceutical policies.
This analysis shows how public affairs/lobbying actions at regional level and the creation of a solid political competence
within companies are still in an early phase. The activities carried out by RAMs remain limited to an exchange of information
and only rarely are perceived by Regional public servants (RRs) as giving support to their work or influence decisions.
The interaction with RAMs is often seen as little relevant and still too concentrated on products and a marketing/commercial
approach rather than on broader issues of interest to RRs who need to manage the pharmaceutical care system at large. The
level of acceptance of this type of activity is also variable and RRs’ attitudes alternate between diffidence, polite tolerance, and
openness to a constructive dialogue about pharmaceuticals and their management in a regional healthcare syste
First report of Fusarium pseudograminearum causing root and crown rot in the halophyte Salicornia europaea
No full textSalicornia europaea L. (glasswort), a euhalophyte in the Amaranthaceae family, is a valuable green vegetable. In July 2021, an outbreak of root and crown rot disease occurred on S. europaea grown in peat-filled pots under greenhouse. Symptoms appeared on 20–25% of 6-month-old plants. The fungus was identifed as F.
pseudograminearum by means of morphological observations and molecular sequence analysis based on tef-1α gene (EF-1/EF-2) and using species-specifc PCR primers (Fp1-1/Fp1-2). This pathogen is known as the causal agent of crown rot in cereals and has sporadically been reported on wheat plants and seeds of soybean and vetch in Europe. A pathogenicity test was then conducted in a growth chamber to fulfll Koch’s postulates. Forty-eight seedlings (57 days after sowing) were grown in aerated non-saline nutrient solution in which a suspension of F. pseudograminearum macroconidia had been poured (fnal concentration 105 ml−1). Other 48 plants (controls) were grown hydroponically in a separate growth chamber and inoculated with sterile distilled water. Twenty-four days after inoculation (dpi), half of control and inoculated plants was transferred into a new sterile nutrient solution while the other half was transplanted into pots flled with sterilized peat. After 80 dpi, 100% of pot-grown plants showed root and crown rot symptoms whereas only 70% of infected hydroponically-grown plants developed symptoms. No evidence of disease was observed in the controls.
F. pseudograminearum was consistently re-isolated from diseased plants in both cultivation systems (64.5–83.0%). Further investigations are in progress on this new pathosystem in saltwater hydroponics
Lo sviluppo di sistemi di gestione del cliente pubblico nelle imprese farmaceutiche: il ruolo dei regional affairs e dei key account managers
No full textIl decentramento regionale, l’introduzione di sistemi di management nelle aziende sanitarie e l’aumento della quota di farmaci da queste direttamente acquistati implica che l’accesso al mercato per i medicinali dipenda sempre di più dalla capacità delle imprese di gestire le relazioni con le regioni e le aziende sanitarie. L’obiettivo della ricerca è quello di analizzare (i) su un pool di imprese farmaceutiche, l’organizzazione dell’attività dei public affairs a livello regionale e l’applicazione di logiche di key account management nelle relazioni con le aziende sanitarie, e (ii) su un gruppo di regioni, la percezione che i referenti delle regioni per la farmaceutica hanno del valore aggiunto e delle criticità generati dalle relazioni con le imprese. L’indagine è stata condotta sulla base di due questionari semistrutturati somministrati per tramite di intervista ai responsabili dei public affairs regionale e key account manager ed ai referenti regionali per la farmaceutica. A partire dai risultati della ricerca vengono discussi alcuni fattori che potrebbero aumentare nelle imprese le potenzialità di tali nuove funzioni, per rendere più efficace la gestione delle relazioni con il cliente pubblico
Patient characteristics associated with the acceptability of teleconsultation: a retrospective study of osteoporotic patients post-COVID-19
No full textBackground: Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, teleconsultations (TCs) have become common practice for many chronic conditions, including osteoporosis. While satisfaction with TCs among patients increases in times of emergency, we have little knowledge of whether the acceptability of TCs persists once in-person visits return to being a feasible and safe option. In this study, we assess the acceptability of TCs across five dimensions for osteoporosis care among patients who started or continued with TCs after the COVID-19 pandemic had waned. We then explore the patient characteristics associated with these perceptions. Methods: Between January and April 2022, 80 osteoporotic patients treated at the Humanitas Hospital in Milan, Italy, were recruited to answer an online questionnaire about the acceptability of TCs for their care. The acceptability of TCs was measured using a modified version of the Service User Technology Acceptability Questionnaire (SUTAQ), which identifies five domains of acceptability: perceived benefits, satisfaction, substitution, privacy and discomfort, and care personnel concerns. Multivariable ordinary least squares (OLS) linear regression analysis was performed to assess which patient characteristics in terms of demographics, socio-economic conditions, digital skills, social support, clinical characteristics and pattern of TC use were correlated with the five domains of acceptability measured through the SUTAQ. Results: The degree of acceptability of TCs was overall good across the 80 respondents and the five domains. Some heterogeneity in perceptions emerged with respect to TCs substituting for in-person visits, negatively impacting continuity of care and reducing the length of consultations. For the most part, acceptability was not affected by patient characteristics with a few exceptions related to treatment time and familiarity with the TC service modality (i.e., length of osteoporosis treatment and number of TCs experienced by the patient). Conclusions: TCs appear to be an acceptable option for osteoporosis care in the aftermath of the COVID-19 pandemic. This study suggests that other characteristics besides age, digital skills and social support, which are traditionally relevant to TC acceptability, should be taken into account in order to better target this care delivery modality
International pathways to mental health transformation
No full textThis study examines the key mental health policy agendas of seven countries, each involved in some effort at reform if not transformation of the mental health system. Utilizing the Institute of Medicine’s Quality Chasm Series as an organizing framework, problems, visions, priorities and strategies from Australia, Canada, England, Italy, New Zealand, Scotland, and the US are reviewed and compared. One of the most important themes related to reform efforts includes the emergence of the recovery paradigm as the basis for the development of new mental health policies and the system of care. This theme as well as other issues and solutions that show great congruence across countries’ reform agendas have a relevant impact on mental health workforce policies. The implications of these efforts for leadership and development of the global mental health workforce are considered along with opportunities for shared learning and collaboration
Explaining the unexpected success of the smoking ban in Italy: Political strategy and transition to practice, 2000-2005
No full textThe approval (2003) and enforcement (2005) of a smoking ban in Italy have been viewed by many as an unexpectedly successful example of policy change. The present paper, by applying a processualist approach, concentrates on two policy cycles between 2000 and 2005. These had opposing outcomes: an incomplete decisional stage and an authoritative decision, enforced two years later. Through the analysis of the different phases of agenda setting, alternative specification and decision making, we have compared the quality of participation of policy entrepreneurs in the two cycles, their political strategies and, in these, the relevance of issue image. The case allows us to direct the attention of scholars and practitioners to an early phase of the policy implementation process - which we have named 'transition to practice'. This, managed with political strategy, might have strongly contributed to the final successful policy outcome. © 2010 Blackwell Publishing Ltd
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