2,957 research outputs found
Convergences and divergences of thymus-and peripherally derived regulatory T cells in cancer
No full textThe expansion of regulatory T cells (Treg) is a common event characterizing the vast majority ofhuman and experimental tumors and it is now well established that Treg represent a crucial hurdle fora successful immunotherapy. Treg are currently classified, according to their origin, into thymus-derived Treg (tTreg) or peripherally induced Treg (pTreg) cells. Controversy exists over the prevalent mechanism accounting for Treg expansion in tumors, since both tTreg proliferation and de novo pTreg differentiation may occur. Since tTreg and pTreg are believed as preferentially self-specific or broadly directed to non-self and tumor-specific antigens, respectively, the balance between tTreg and pTregaccumulation may impact on the repertoire of antigen specificities recognized by Treg in tumors. The prevalence of tTreg or pTreg may also affect the outcome of immunotherapies based on tumor-antigen vaccination or Treg depletion. The mechanisms dictating pTreg induction or tTreg expansion/stability are a matter of intense investigation and the most recent results depict a complex landscape. Indeed, selected Treg subsets may display peculiar characteristics in terms of stability, suppressive function, and cytokine production, depending on microenvironmental signals. These features may be differentially distributed between pTreg and tTreg and may significantly affect the possibility of manipulating Treg in cancer therapy. We propose here that innovative immunotherapeutic strategies may be directed at diverting unstable/uncommitted Treg, mostly enriched in the pTreg pool, into tumor-specific effectors, while preserving systemic immune tolerance ensured by self-specific tTreg. © 2013 Burocchi, Colombo and Piconese
Regulatory T-cell inhibition versus depletion: the right choice in cancer immunotherapy
No full textTumour-induced expansion of regulatory T(T-Reg) cells is an obstacle to successful cancer immunotherapy. The potential benefit of T-Reg-cell depletion through the interleukin-2 receptor is lost by the concurrent elimination of activated effector lymphocytes and possibly by the de novo induction of T-Reg-cell replenishment. In theory, the functional inactivation of T-Reg cells will maintain them at high numbers in tumours and avoid their replenishment from the peripheral lymphocyte pool, which has the capacity to further suppress the effector lymphocyte anti-tumour response
Wave Front Tracking in Systems of conservation Laws
No full textsummary:This paper contains several recent results about nonlinear systems of hyperbolic conservation laws obtained through the technique of Wave Front Tracking
On the Cauchy Prolem for the p-System at a Junction
No full textWe present a model for the description of a nonviscous
isentropic or isothermal fluid crossing a junction. Aiming at an
extension of the usual Euler equations, we neglect the effects of
friction against the walls of the pipes, but the reaction
constraints at the junction are considered. The well posedness
of the Cauchy problem is proved, and some qualitative properties
of the model are described
Comparison Among Different Notions of Solution for the p-System at a Junction
No full textAccettato per la pubblicazione
A coupling between a non-linear 1D compressible-incompressible limit and the 1D p-system in the non smooth case
No full text- …
