86,815 research outputs found

    Linking dissolved organic carbon, acetate and denitrification in agricultural soils

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    This study focuses on the factors affecting nitrate removal via microbial denitrification in agricultural soils, and particularly on the quantity and quality of dissolved organic carbon. To assess the relationship among dissolved organic carbon, nitrate and low molecular weight organic acids (acetate and formate), grids of ceramic suction cups were established in the four most representative soil types of the lower Po River floodplain, cropped with maize. Results highlighted a direct relation between acetate and dissolved organic carbon in all sites. The best fit was obtained in soils were the main source of organic carbon was the maize residues. By comparing dissolved organic carbon and acetate versus nitrate concentration revealed that acetate can be used as a better proxy for denitrification in the field with respect to dissolved organic carbon. © 2012 Springer-Verlag

    Column elution experiments on volcanic ash: geochemical implications for the Main Ethiopian Rift waters

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    Column laboratory experiments were employed to assess the leaching behaviour of pyroclastic glassy ash deposits collected in the central Main Ethiopian Rift, where surface and groundwater resources are affected by fluoride (F-) pollution, which is the cause of an endemic disease (fluorosis) in the local community. To elucidate the source of F- and simulate the water-rock interaction processes, as well as quantify its distribution within different grain sizes, the pyroclastic ash was analysed by XRF, XRD and SEM and separated into coarse and fine fractions. Three columns were filled with raw (unsieved), coarse (63 μm-2 mm) and fine (<63 μm) fraction, respectively, and flushed with synthetic rain water in saturated conditions. Very fast F- leaching was observed in the fine fraction column at the start of the experiment, while in the other two columns, F- was slowly released; in addition, a strong accumulation of F- was found in the fine fraction. The effect was more pronounced in the fine fraction column due to the available effective adsorbing surface area. Subsequent to elution experiments, the columns were characterised via moment analysis of tracer test. Finally, flow and transport modelling (MODFLOW-2000 and MT3DMS) was employed to compute the amount of F- adsorbed onto the solid phase, comparing the calculated conservative transport of F- and the observed concentrations. The results of this study suggest that fluoride is a fundamental constituent of the glass phase (about 0.3 wt.%) and that it is released during the incongruent dissolution of glassy particles. Dissolution of coatings on glass particles could provide an additional contribution to the geochemistry of the interacting fluids. These processes are more effective in the fine fraction due to a much higher reactive (specific) surface area. © 2009 Springer Science+Business Media B.V

    Il manoscritto dei verbali del comune di Pioggiola (Corsica), 1788-1797: analisi testuale e linguistica

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    Linguistic and textual analysis of a Corsican manuscript (proceedings of Pioggiola village council meetings) written in italian by semi-literate writers at the end of the XVIIIth Century

    Oratorio à 4. di S. Cecilia V. M. Del Sig.r Quirino

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    Titre uniforme : Colombani, Quirino (167.?-1735). Compositeur. [Oratorio di Santa Cecilia]Titre propre pris au départ. - Oratorio en 2 parties. - Mq. l'introduction. - Auteur du texte et date de création non identifiés. - Rôles : Valeriano (Ut 3), Cecilia (Ut 1), Tiburtio (Ut 4), Almachio (Fa 4). - Orchestre : Sol 2 (2), Fa 4 (2). - Mentions d'instrumentation sous la musique : violoncelles (2). - Relié avec Vm1. 1487 (1) et Vm1. 1488 ; foliotation continue ; f. 95 v°, 96 blancs. - Main de copiste différente de Vm1. 1487 (1). - Rel. veau marbré, tranche doréePrésentation musicale : [Partiton]Incipit : Contenti cessateAppartient à l’ensemble documentaire : RISM2Appartient à l’ensemble documentaire : RISMMssOratorios -- +* 1700......- 1799......+:18e siècle

    Modeling soil nitrate accumulation and leaching in conventional and conservation agriculture cropping systems

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    Nitrate is a major groundwater inorganic contaminant that is mainly due to fertilizer leaching. Compost amendment can increase soils' organic substances and thus promote denitrification in intensively cultivated soils. In this study, two agricultural plots located in the Padana plain (Ferrara, Italy) were monitored and modeled for a period of 2.7 years. One plot was initially amended with 30 t/ha of compost, not tilled, and amended with standard fertilization practices, while the other one was run with standard fertilization and tillage practices. Monitoring was performed continuously via soil water probes (matric potential) and discontinuously via auger core profiles (major nitrogen species) before and after each cropping season. A HYDRUS-1D numerical model was calibrated and validated versus observed matric potential and nitrate, ammonium, and bromide (used as tracers). Model performance was judged satisfactory and the results provided insights on water and nitrogen balances for the two different agricultural practices tested here. While water balance and retention time in the vadose zone were similar in the two plots, nitrate leaching was less pronounced in the plot amended with compost due to a higher denitrification rate. This study provides clear evidence that compost addition and no-tillage (conservation agriculture) can diminish nitrate leaching to groundwater, with respect to standard agricultural practices

    Variations on the Author

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    “Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
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