1,721,097 research outputs found
An anatomical and surface electromyography study of the fatigue characteristics of Longissimus Thoracis pars Thoracis, Iliocostalis Lumborum pars Thoracis and Lumbar Multifidus
No full textThis study investigated the myoelectric effects of muscle fatigue in Longissimus Thoracis, Iliocostalis Lumborum pars Thoracis and lumbar Multifidus during standardised muscle fatigue tests and in a marine environment. These muscles contribute significantly to the extensor moment of the lumbar spine and are an important postural stabiliser. Fatigue of these muscles is considered to contribute to the aetiology of low back pain; rehabilitation approaches that improve muscle endurance capacity would benefit from a better understanding of how these muscles fatigue. A feasibility study methodology was developed and a case series study undertaken to establish the utility of standardised fatigue testing before and after a marine high-speed transit that is considered to cause muscle fatigue. Surface EMG data were collected in combination with heart rate and motion data of the vessel and study participants. Standardised fatigue testing was utilised before and after the task to determine the sensitivity of the test; the test was not shown to have clinical utility in this case.Methodology was developed, using high-density surface electromyography (sEMG) and high-density surface electrodes, in order to analyse data from multiple locations over each muscle of interest. Software was developed that enabled specific channels and segments of data to be analysed. A post-mortem anatomical study, in an older population, was completed and this provided position and angle data from bony landmarks for the accurate positioning of high-density surface electrodes and subsequent interpretation of high-density sEMG signal data.A pilot validation study, utilising magnetic resonance images (MRI), compared results of the anatomical study with a MRI series from an older population and a further series in a younger population. The results of these studies partly concur, add to previous study results and provide data on sEMG electrode placement that will aid further sEMG studies
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
From videocassette to video stream: Issues involved in re‐purposing an existing educational video
Full text linkConventional video recordings can be converted into video streams but the process can be complex and problematic. The authors’ experience of re‐purposing an existing video, Back Care for Health Professionals, for streaming is used to illustrate what was involved and to highlight the important issues. Financial, legal, technical and pedagogic issues are examined
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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