461 research outputs found
Colin Elly Begg
No full textColin Elly Begg was born at Sydney on 31 January 1917, the son of Colin Erle Begg and his wife Zadi Bertha nee Joseph. He was educated at Sydney Church of England Grammar School and the University of Sydney (LLB 1939). (1)<br /><br />Begg was admitted as a solicitor on 15 February 1940 and was employed by the firm of John Corcoran and Company at 2 York Street, Sydney. Following his service in the Australian Army, he was admitted to the New South Wales Bar on 28 June 1946, setting up his practice at 142 Phillip Street. He had a varied and extensive practice, especially in the Common Law jurisdiction. He was made a Queen's Counsel in 1958. (2)<br /><br />Begg enlisted in the Australian Army on 15 July 1942, after serving with the militia from 1940. At the time of his discharge on 22 November 1945, he was a Lieutenant with the 2/1st Australian Infantry Battalion. He was Mentioned in Despatches, recommended by the Governor-General on 16 November 1945, for distinguished services in the South-west Pacific Area. (3)<br /><br />Begg was appointed a Member of the New South Wales Legislative Council on 15 September 1955 to fill a casual vacancy. His term ended on 22 April 1961. He was a member of the United Australia Party, and later the Liberal Party, serving in various party offices. He was Secretary of the Cremorne Branch, president of the Pymble Branch, president of the Gordon state electorate conference, vice-president of the Bradfield federal electorate conference, and state councillor from 1946 to 1954. He was also Australian chairman of the World Liberal Union in 1949. (4)<br /><br />Begg was appointed a Judge of the Supreme Court of New South Wales on 3 April 1964. On 28 September 1983 he was appointed the Chief Judge at Common Law. He died in office. Begg was the Supreme Court's representative, and Chairman, of the University of Sydney Law Extension Committee from 1966 to 1984. (5)<br /><br />Begg died on 9 September 1984 at Sydney, following a long illness. He was survived by his second wife Eve nee Langford, whom he married in February 1977, and three sons and two daughters from his first marriage to Ruth nee Lehmkull, whom he married on 17 November 1943. (6)<br /><br />Endnotes<br />1.Who's Who in Australia, Melbourne, The Herald and Weekly Times Ltd, 1959, p.81; 1962, p.76; 1965, pp.82-3; 1968, p.84; 1971, p.92; 1974, p.96; 1977, p.98; 1980, p.94; 1983, p.94; Australian Law Journal, Vol.58, p.681, November 1984; University of Sydney Calendar, 1935, p.780; 1936, pp.562, 817; 1937, pp.451, 686; 1938, pp.469, 710; 1939, pp.486, 607; 1940, p.581, <a href="http://calendararchive.usyd.edu.au/index.php ">http://calendararchive.usyd.edu.au/index.php</a> (cited 27 May 2008).<br />2. Barrister and Solicitors Admission Boards; NRS 13667, Roll of Solicitors, 18 February 1937 - 25 July 1952; Reel 2147, p.10; Barrister and Solicitors Admission Boards; NRS 13665, Roll of Barristers, 17 February 1927 - 10 June 1955; Reel 2147, p.23; New South Wales Law Almanac, Sydney, NSW Government Printer, 1942, p.82; 1950, p.62; Australian Law Journal, Vol.58, p.64, January 1984; Who's Who in Australia, op.cit.<br />3. 'Mr Colin Elly Begg [Former Member]', New South Wales Parliament website <a href="http://www.parliament.nsw.gov.au/prod/parlment/members.nsf/V3ListFormerMembers ">http://www.parliament.nsw.gov.au/prod/parlment/members.nsf/V3ListFormerMembers</a> (cited 31 July 2008); 'Begg, Colin Elly', Department of Veterans Affairs World War 2 Nominal Roll <a href="http://www.ww2roll.gov.au/script/veteran.asp?ServiceID=A&VeteranID=214838 ">http://www.ww2roll.gov.au/script/veteran.asp?ServiceID=A&VeteranID=214838</a> (cited 31 July 2008); 'Honours and Awards (Index to Recommendations ...) Recommendation for Colin Elly Begg to be awarded a Mention in Dispatches', Australian War Memorial, <a href="http://www.awm.gov.au/honours/awm192/person.asp?p=003090535 ">http://www.awm.gov.au/honours/awm192/person.asp?p=003090535</a> (cited 31 July 2008).<br />4. 'Mr Colin Elly Begg [Former Member]', New South Wales Parliament website, op.cit.; Who's Who in Australia, op.cit.<br />5. State Reports New South Wales, Sydney, Law Book Company Ltd, Vol.64 (1963-64), p.v; New South Wales Law Reports, Sydney, Law Book Company Ltd, 1983, Vol.3, p.ix; 1984, Vol.3, p.ix; Australian Law Journal, Vol.58, p.64, January 1984; University of Sydney Calendar, 1966, p.33; 1982, p.27, 1983, p.27; 1984, p.26, op.cit., cited 1 August 2008.<br />6. Australian Law Journal, Vol.58, p.681, November 1984; Who's Who in Australia, op.cit.PER-39Judge, Supreme Court of New South Wales, 03/04/1964 - 09/09/1984<br/>Chief Judge at Common Law, Supreme Court of New South Wales, 28/09/1983 - 09/09/1984<br/>
Adjusting for dependent comorbidity in the calculation of healthy life expectancy
No full textABSTRACT : BACKGROUND : Healthy life expectancy - sometimes called health-adjusted life expectancy (HALE) - is a form of health expectancy indicator that extends measures of life expectancy to account for the distribution of health states in the population. The World Health Organization has estimated healthy life expectancy for 192 WHO Member States using information from health interview surveys and from the Global Burden of Disease Study. The latter estimates loss of health by cause, age and sex for populations. Summation of prevalent years lived with disability (PYLD) across all causes would result in overestimation of the severity of the population average health state because of comorbidity between conditions. Earlier HALE calculations made adjustments for independent comorbidity in adding PYLD across causes. This paper presents a method for adjusting for dependent comorbidity using available empirical data. METHODS : Data from five large national health surveys were analysed by age and sex to estimate "dependent comorbidity" factors for pairs of conditions. These factors were defined as the ratio of the prevalence of people with both conditions to the product of the two total prevalences for each of the conditions. The resulting dependent comorbidity factors were used for all Member States to adjust for dependent comorbidity in summation of PYLD across all causes and in the calculation of HALE. A sensitivity analysis was also carried out for order effects in the proposed calculation method. RESULTS : There was surprising consistency in the dependent comorbidity factors across the five surveys. The improved estimation of dependent comorbidity resulted in reductions in total PYLD per capita ranging from a few per cent in younger adult ages to around 8% in the oldest age group (80 years and over) in developed countries and up to 15% in the oldest age group in the least developed countries. The effect of the dependent comorbidity adjustment on estimated healthy life expectancies is small for some regions (high income countries, Eastern Europe, Western Pacific) and ranges from an increase of 0.5 to 1.5 years for countries in Latin America, South East Asia and Sub-Saharan Africa. CONCLUSION : The available evidence suggests that dependent comorbidity is important, and that adjustment for it makes a significant difference to resulting HALE estimates for some regions of the world. Given the data limitations, we recommend a normative adjustment based on the available evidence, and applied consistently across all countries
Changes in Self-Efficacy Beliefs, Learning and Arousal Following Attributional Re-Training in Novice White Water Kayakers
No full textOne of the problems faced by teachers who train outdoor pursuits instructors in the hot‐house environment of time limited, criterion referenced training and assessment programmes in tertiary education is managing the students’ anxiety, arousal and self‐efficacy beliefs. Evidence suggests that poor progress and failure by students through these programmes is associated with feelings of increased anxiety, weak efficacy for the tasks and high physiological arousal when engaged in certain activities in outdoor environments.
The literature review focuses on three main areas of research: (1) self‐efficacy theory, (2) attribution theories, and (3) arousal and anxiety. These areas are inter‐related with the main themes of self‐efficacy and learning being discussed in each section.
An attributional re‐training intervention was trialed and it’s effects on self-efficacy, arousal and learning were measured. To give a holistic appreciation of the arousal response, emotional reactions, strength of self-efficacy beliefs, their inter-relationships in a white water kayak-training environment, a concurrent nested mixed methods approach was used. The elements of qualitative data (self-efficacy, somatic arousal, and emotional state) and quantitative data (skill, heart rate, critical flicker-fusion threshold, salivary cortisol concentration, self- efficacy and somatic arousal) were blended together to provide a fuller picture of causation and the relationships, in this white water environment.
The level of arousal students experience while participating in white water kayak training courses is characterised in Chapters 4 and 5. Very high physiological arousal was found at low to moderate exercise intensities. Heart rates showed large and early anticipatory responses and were slower to return to resting values at cessation of kayaking. The cognitive arousal marker of CFF was depressed when other arousal markers were at their zenith, particularly for females suggesting a different cognitive arousal response. The relationship between self-efficacy beliefs and arousal is examined in Chapter 6. An interactive two‐way relationship was demonstrated between arousal and self-efficacy beliefs. The formation of self‐efficacy beliefs appears to occur at differing levels of arousal for males and females. These findings suggest a more important role for arousal in self‐efficacy belief formation, in this environment, than is generally reported in the literature. Chapter 7 investigates the relationships between self-efficacy beliefs and the learning of kayaking skills. Pre and post self-efficacy correlate well with skill, however, the relationships between change in self-efficacy and change in skill or pre and post self-efficacy with change in skill were not proportional. The performance accomplishment antecedent was the best predictor of subsequent skill. The relationships between arousal (physiological, cortical and somatic), emotion and the learning of kayaking skills are illustrated in Chapter 8. Greater learning occurs when participants have smaller changes in arousal. Anxious participants did show greater change in arousal. Chapter 9 considers the influence of attributional re-‐training on the change in participants’ kayaking skills (learning) and their self-‐efficacy beliefs. Attributional re-training has a positive effect on skill attainment and skill change. It also appears to have a positive influence on the development of stronger self-efficacy beliefs. Chapter 10 looks at the relationship between attributional re-training and arousal. Attributionally re-trained participants experience higher physiological arousal and a greater increase in cortical arousal. Evidence is presented to suggest that attributional re-training may lessen the depression of CFF and therefore the inferred decline in cognitive processing capacity, especially for females. Attributional re-training stimulates the notions of high positive affect (excited, confident) and low negative affect (calm, relaxed).
In conclusion, this exploratory research suggests that the environment in which white water kayak training occurs is shown to be highly stress inducing. Attributional re-training and associated self-efficacy augmentation can have a mediating role, reducing negative environmental effects on learning in white water kayak training. Further findings suggest implications for course design and programme delivery to improve learning and self‐efficacy belief development
A Hybrid Bayesian Laplacian Approach for Generalized Linear Mixed Models
No full textThe analytical intractability of generalized linear mixed models (GLMMs) has generated a lot of research in the past two decades. Applied statisticians routinely face the frustrating prospect of widely disparate results produced by the methods that are currently implemented in commercially available software. This article is motivated by this frustration and develops guidance as well as new methods that are computationally efficient and statistically reliable. Two main classes of approximations have been developed: likelihood-based methods and Bayesian methods. Likelihood-based methods such as the penalized quasi-likelihood approach of Breslow and Clayton (1993) have been shown to produce biased estimates especially for binary clustered data with small clusters sizes. More recent methods such as the adaptive Gaussian quadrature approach perform well but can be overwhelmed by problems with large numbers of random effects, and efficient algorithms to better handle these situations have not yet been integrated in standard statistical packages. Similarly, Bayesian methods, though they have good frequentist properties when the model is correct, are known to be computationally intensive and also require specialized code, limiting their use in practice. In this article we build on our previous method (Capanu and Begg 2010) and propose a hybrid approach that provides a bridge between the likelihood-based and Bayesian approaches by employing Bayesian estimation for the variance compo- nents followed by Laplacian estimation for the regression coefficients with the goal of obtaining good statistical properties, with relatively good computing speed, and using widely available software. The hybrid approach is shown to perform well against the other competitors considered. Another impor- tant finding of this research is the surprisingly good performance of the Laplacian approximation in the difficult case of binary clustered data with small clusters sizes. We apply the methods to a real study of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma and illustrate their properties using simulations based on a widely-analyzed salamander mating dataset and on another important dataset involving the Guatemalan Child Health survey
Changes in self-efficacy beliefs, learning and arousal following attributional re-training in novice white water kayakers
No full textOne of the problems faced by teachers who train outdoor pursuits instructors in the hot‐house environment of time limited, criterion referenced training and assessment programmes in tertiary education is managing the students’ anxiety, arousal and self‐efficacy beliefs. Evidence suggests that poor progress and failure by students through these programmes is associated with feelings of increased anxiety, weak efficacy for the tasks and high physiological arousal when engaged in certain activities in outdoor environments.
The literature review focuses on three main areas of research: (1) self‐efficacy theory, (2) attribution theories, and (3) arousal and anxiety. These areas are inter‐related with the main themes of self‐efficacy and learning being discussed in each section.
An attributional re‐training intervention was trialed and it’s effects on self-efficacy, arousal and learning were measured. To give a holistic appreciation of the arousal response, emotional reactions, strength of self-efficacy beliefs, their inter-relationships in a white water kayak-training environment, a concurrent nested mixed methods approach was used. The elements of qualitative data (self-efficacy, somatic arousal, and emotional state) and quantitative data (skill, heart rate, critical flicker-fusion threshold, salivary cortisol concentration, self- efficacy and somatic arousal) were blended together to provide a fuller picture of causation and the relationships, in this white water environment.
The level of arousal students experience while participating in white water kayak training courses is characterised in Chapters 4 and 5. Very high physiological arousal was found at low to moderate exercise intensities. Heart rates showed large and early anticipatory responses and were slower to return to resting values at cessation of kayaking. The cognitive arousal marker of CFF was depressed when other arousal markers were at their zenith, particularly for females suggesting a different cognitive arousal response. The relationship between self-efficacy beliefs and arousal is examined in Chapter 6. An interactive two‐way relationship was demonstrated between arousal and self-efficacy beliefs. The formation of self‐efficacy beliefs appears to occur at differing levels of arousal for males and females. These findings suggest a more important role for arousal in self‐efficacy belief formation, in this environment, than is generally reported in the literature. Chapter 7 investigates the relationships between self-efficacy beliefs and the learning of kayaking skills. Pre and post self-efficacy correlate well with skill, however, the relationships between change in self-efficacy and change in skill or pre and post self-efficacy with change in skill were not proportional. The performance accomplishment antecedent was the best predictor of subsequent skill. The relationships between arousal (physiological, cortical and somatic), emotion and the learning of kayaking skills are illustrated in Chapter 8. Greater learning occurs when participants have smaller changes in arousal. Anxious participants did show greater change in arousal. Chapter 9 considers the influence of attributional re-‐training on the change in participants’ kayaking skills (learning) and their self-‐efficacy beliefs. Attributional re-training has a positive effect on skill attainment and skill change. It also appears to have a positive influence on the development of stronger self-efficacy beliefs. Chapter 10 looks at the relationship between attributional re-training and arousal. Attributionally re-trained participants experience higher physiological arousal and a greater increase in cortical arousal. Evidence is presented to suggest that attributional re-training may lessen the depression of CFF and therefore the inferred decline in cognitive processing capacity, especially for females. Attributional re-training stimulates the notions of high positive affect (excited, confident) and low negative affect (calm, relaxed).
In conclusion, this exploratory research suggests that the environment in which white water kayak training occurs is shown to be highly stress inducing. Attributional re-training and associated self-efficacy augmentation can have a mediating role, reducing negative environmental effects on learning in white water kayak training. Further findings suggest implications for course design and programme delivery to improve learning and self‐efficacy belief development
How will Scotland's financial sector fare in the single European market?
No full textFor Scotland, the evolution of the European financial system over the next few years will pose a serious challenge. The financial and business services sectors currently employ over 9% of the Scottish workforce and have been easily the most dynamic parts of the economy in the 1980s, having created nearly 50,000 jobs in the last decade. Within the single market, financial services must be regarded as a sector in which Scotland ought to have considerable opportunities, in contrast to many segments of manufacturing for which distance from key markets and a lack of competitiveness do not augur well. This article appraises the prospects for the Scottish financial sector in the single market, drawing extensively on a study carried out by the author (Begg, 1990). It starts with a profile of the sector in Scotland, then goes on to give an assessment of the anticipated effects on financial services of '1992'. Section III considers the opportunities and threats facing Scotland, and looks at possible constraints on successful adaptation. The fourth section considers the policy implications and is followed by concluding remarks
- …
