1,721,060 research outputs found
Rusingeria nom. nov, a new substitute name for Usingeria Coetzee & Segerman, 1992 (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Cimicidae)
No full textCoetzee, Maureen, Kment, Petr (2013): Rusingeria nom. nov, a new substitute name for Usingeria Coetzee & Segerman, 1992 (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Cimicidae). Zootaxa 3664 (1): 99-100, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3664.1.1
FIGURE 12 in Literature review of the systematics, biology and role in malaria transmission of species in the Afrotropical Anopheles subgenus Anopheles (Diptera: Culicidae)
No full textFIGURE 12. Map of Africa showing parasite positive specimens of three species of the An. coustani group. The 1961 records from Burkina Faso (Gillies & de Meillon 1968) are not included since the 3,385 specimens assayed were a mixture of An. coustani and An. ziemanni.Published as part of Coetzee, Maureen, 2022, Literature review of the systematics, biology and role in malaria transmission of species in the Afrotropical Anopheles subgenus Anopheles (Diptera: Culicidae), pp. 182-200 in Zootaxa 5133 (2) on page 195, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5133.2.2, http://zenodo.org/record/652160
Anopheles crypticus Coetzee 1995
No full textAnopheles crypticus Coetzee, 1995 1983. Anopheles coustani sp. B, Coetzee TYPE LOCALITY: Johannesburg, South Africa. Described and named as a new species by comparison with An. coustani based on fixed chromosomal inversion banding patterns and cross-mating characteristics showing male sterility and chromosomal asynapsis (Coetzee 1983, 1995). DESCRIPTION: The adult female is indistinguishable from An. coustani. LARVAL HABITAT: Unknown. ADULT BIOLOGY: The holotype specimen was collected resting inside a house. Other specimens were collected biting humans outdoors (unpublished data). DISTRIBUTION: Only known from South Africa: Johannesburg and Benoni, Gauteng Province. Also Fish Hoek in Western Cape Province, collected by B. de Meillon in 1934, identified by branching of the pupal setae (Coetzee 1995).Published as part of Coetzee, Maureen, 2022, Literature review of the systematics, biology and role in malaria transmission of species in the Afrotropical Anopheles subgenus Anopheles (Diptera: Culicidae), pp. 182-200 in Zootaxa 5133 (2) on pages 186-187, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5133.2.2, http://zenodo.org/record/652160
Anopheles fuscicolor van Someren 1947
No full textAnopheles fuscicolor van Someren, 1947 TYPE LOCALITY: Fianarantsoa, Madagascar. Anopheles fuscicolor soalalaensis Grjebine, 1966 was declared a nomen dubium by Brunhes et al. (1998) on the grounds that it was described from a single female (Grjebine 1954) that is no longer in existence, and has never been recorded since. DESCRIPTION: Ochreous yellow to brown species. Wing length: 5.0 mm. Wing (Fig. 4a): Heavily scaled and prominently marked with dark and creamy white or yellow scales; apical pale fringe spot extending from R 2 almost to R 4+5; prominent pale fringe spot opposite CuA 2. Maxillary palpus (Fig. 4b): Shaggy, mainly dark but small pale bands at apices of palpomeres 2–4. Legs (Fig. 4c): All femora and tibiae ochreous yellow below, darker brown above. Hindtibia with apical pale spots about twice as long as broad. Tarsomeres 1–4 of all legs with apical pale bands, tarsomere 5 dark. LARVAL HABITAT: Rice fields, swamps and ponds in association with An. coustani. ADULT BIOLOGY: Females collected mainly outdoors but indoors at the type locality and elsewhere. Found feeding both indoors and outdoors on humans and bovines but not involved in malaria parasite transmission (Grjebine 1966). DISTRIBUTION: Known only from Madagascar, widespread (Grjebine 1966).Published as part of Coetzee, Maureen, 2022, Literature review of the systematics, biology and role in malaria transmission of species in the Afrotropical Anopheles subgenus Anopheles (Diptera: Culicidae), pp. 182-200 in Zootaxa 5133 (2) on pages 187-188, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5133.2.2, http://zenodo.org/record/652160
Anopheles symesi Edwards 1928
No full textAnopheles symesi Edwards, 1928 TYPE LOCALITY: Kisumu, Kenya. DESCRIPTION: Wing length: 5.5 mm. Wing (Fig. 8a): All pale scales yellow. Subcostal and preapical pale spots present; apical pale fringe spot extending from R 2 to R 4+5; basal 0.5 of CuA entirely pale. Maxillary palpus: Shaggy, with four pale bands. Legs (Fig. 8b): Apex of hindtibia dark or with a few pale scales; hindtarsomeres 1 and 2 entirely dark, 3 largely or entirely pale, 4 pale, 5 pale basally or entirely dark. LARVAL HABITAT: Dense papyrus swamps along the shores of Lake Victoria. ADULT BIOLOGY: Very little known. Rarely captured in habitations. In 2009, Osman et al. (2014) collected a single female by pyrethrum-spray catch in South Darfur State of Sudan. DISTRIBUTION: Confined mainly to a narrow belt from southern Sudan to the northern shores of Lake Victoria and Lake Albert and as far south as Katanga in the DRC (Gillies & de Meillon 1968).Published as part of Coetzee, Maureen, 2022, Literature review of the systematics, biology and role in malaria transmission of species in the Afrotropical Anopheles subgenus Anopheles (Diptera: Culicidae), pp. 182-200 in Zootaxa 5133 (2) on page 191, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5133.2.2, http://zenodo.org/record/652160
Anopheles namibiensis Coetzee 1984
No full textAnopheles namibiensis Coetzee, 1984 TYPE LOCALITY: Mahongo, Kavango District, Namibia. Described and named as a new species based on morphological characters of the adults, larva and pupa, and differences in chromosomal inversion banding patterns compared with An. ziemanni Grünberg, 1902. DESCRIPTION: Wing length: 5.0 mm. Wing (Fig. 5): Subcostal and preapical pale spots present, small; apical pale fringe spot rarely extending beyond wing tip of R 3. Maxillary palpus: Shaggy, with four pale bands. Legs:Apex of foretibia and base of foretarsomere 1 always dark. Apex of hindtibia, base of hindtarsomere 1 and apices of hindtarsomeres 1 and 2 with pale spots at most 3 times as wide as diameter of the tarsomere; hindtarsomeres 4 and 5 pale, 0.5 of hindtarsomere 3 pale. LARVAL HABITAT: Vegetated pools and swamps in forested areas around Yaoundé, Cameroon (Manga et al. 1997). ADULT BIOLOGY: Females were collected in cattle enclosures at the type locality (Coetzee 1984). In Cameroon, human landing catches carried out in Simbock village, Yaoundé, yielded 10 An. namibiensis (Manga et al. 1997). The records of An. namibiensis from Cameroon (Ayala et al. 2009) using pyrethrum spray catches in houses show it to be present in the western highlands, Adamaoua highlands and the central plateau near Yaoundé. DISTRIBUTION: Mahongo in Kavango District, northern Namibia; Yaoundé, Cameroon. The Tanzanian distribution record given in Irish et al. (2020) is incorrect as Mahongo is in Namibia, not Tanzania.Published as part of Coetzee, Maureen, 2022, Literature review of the systematics, biology and role in malaria transmission of species in the Afrotropical Anopheles subgenus Anopheles (Diptera: Culicidae), pp. 182-200 in Zootaxa 5133 (2) on page 188, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5133.2.2, http://zenodo.org/record/652160
Anopheles Meigen 1818
No full textANOPHELES Series Anopheles concolor Edwards, 1938 (in Evans, 1938) TYPE LOCALITY: Kabila, Kwango Province, Democratic Republic of the Congo. DESCRIPTION: Wing length: 4.5–5.0 mm. Wing (Fig. 11a): Entirely dark. Maxillary palpus (Fig. 11b): Smooth, with two pale bands, apical band covering whole of palpomere 5 and extreme apex of 4; basal band occupying apex of 2nd and base of 3rd palpomeres; a few pale scales sometimes present at apex of 3rd palpomere. Legs (Fig. 11c): Largely dark except for a few white scales at tips of forefemur and –tibia, and conspicuous pale bands at apices of hindfemur and -tibia. LARVAL HABITAT: In the DRC, in clear acid pools in Sphagnum along the outer edge of thick gallery forest (Gillies & de Meillon 1968). In the Meanja River in Cameroon (Wanji et al. 2009) and in swamps in Ethiopia (Getachew et al. 2020). ADULT BIOLOGY: Adults of both sexes have been caught in large numbers resting in hollow trees in gallery forest in the southern savannas of the DRC. In certain conditions, the females attack humans in the forest by day, especially in the morning and late afternoon, but the results of precipitin tests on resting females showed that they feed mainly on antelopes. It is likely, from the presence of occasional specimens infected with sporozoites, that the species is implicated in the transmission of non-human malaria (Gillies & de Meillon 1968). In Angola, one female was caught in the early evening resting in a tent (Ribeiro & Ramos 1975). DISTRIBUTION: Angola, Cameroon, DRC (Kyalo et al. 2017; Irish et al. 2020). In southwestern Ethiopia, two An. concolor were identified from larval collections (Getachew et al. 2020), but this record requires confirmation.Published as part of Coetzee, Maureen, 2022, Literature review of the systematics, biology and role in malaria transmission of species in the Afrotropical Anopheles subgenus Anopheles (Diptera: Culicidae), pp. 182-200 in Zootaxa 5133 (2) on page 193, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5133.2.2, http://zenodo.org/record/652160
Anopheles paludis Theobald 1900
No full textAnopheles paludis Theobald, 1900 1928. Anopheles mauritianus var. paludis Edwards TYPE LOCALITY: Katunga, Sierra Leone. DESCRIPTION: Wing length: ±6.0 mm. Wing (Fig. 7a): Sector, subcostal and preapical pale spots prominent; apical pale fringe spot opposite R 3; pale fringe spot present opposite CuA 2, sometimes faint. Maxillary palpus: Shaggy, with four pale bands. Legs (Fig. 7b): Hindleg with apex of tibia narrowly pale; base of hindtarsomere 1 dark, as in An. tenebrosus; hindtarsomeres 3–5 entirely pale. LARVAL HABITAT: Natural collections of clear water with aquatic and semi-aquatic vegetation, such as swamps, ponds, backwaters of streams, springs, ditches and rice fields. ADULT BIOLOGY: Mainly zoophilic but females feed on humans in some areas. In certain areas of the Congo basin, the species is regularly captured indoors, and females with P. falciparum salivary gland infections as high as 10% have been reported (Gillies & de Meillon 1968; Gillies & Coetzee 1987). In the Bandungu region of the DRC, a 6.2% sporozoite rate was recorded by Karch & Mouchet (1992), but no infections were recorded in the capital of Kinshasa (Karch et al. 1992; Coene 1993). In Cameroon, there are several reports of An. paludis infected with parasites: 0.15% (Gillies & de Meillon 1968), 1.12% (Antonio-Nkondjio et al. 2006), 7.1% (Bigoga et al. 2012), 3.4% (Tabue et al. 2017) and 0.7% (Bamou et al. 2018). In Gabon, Makanga et al. (2017) collected An. paludis in wildlife reserves where one out of 76 females was found infected with ungulate haemosporidian parasites. DISTRIBUTION: Widespread, mainly in the tropics. The record from an unknown locality in Senegal by Hamon et al. (1956) was not confirmed until a single specimen was collected in Bandafassi, near Kedougou, in southeastern Senegal in 2002 (Ndiath et al. 2011).Published as part of Coetzee, Maureen, 2022, Literature review of the systematics, biology and role in malaria transmission of species in the Afrotropical Anopheles subgenus Anopheles (Diptera: Culicidae), pp. 182-200 in Zootaxa 5133 (2) on page 190, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5133.2.2, http://zenodo.org/record/652160
Anopheles caliginosus de Meillon 1943
No full textAnopheles caliginosus de Meillon, 1943 1943. Anopheles coustani caliginosus de Meillon 1968. Anopheles caliginosus de Meillon, specific status, Gillies & de Meillon TYPE LOCALITY: Likasi (formerly Jadotville), Haut-Katanga Province, Democratic Republic of the Congo. This species appears to be distinct from An. tenebrosus, but the males and immature stages are still unknown. DESCRIPTION: Wing length: 5 mm. Wing (Fig. 2a): Costa entirely dark-scaled; preapical pale spot on R 1; apical pale fringe spot extending from R 2 almost to R 4+5. Maxillary palpus: Distal two palpomeres slightly less shaggy than is usual for the group; usually entirely dark-scaled, sometimes a few pale scales at apex of palpomeres 3–5. Legs (Fig. 2b): All dark except hindtarsomeres 4 and 5 all pale and apical 0.2 of hindtarsomere 3 pale. Sometimes a few pale scales present at apices of foretarsomeres 1–3 and hindtarsomeres 1 and 2, especially in specimens from Botswana. Variation: Specimens from Kasane, Botswana show some darkening of hindtarsomere 5 and, hence, bear a superficial resemblance to An. symesi. They differ markedly from this species, however, in the dark costa and thorax, and in having less than apical half of hindtarsomere 3 pale. LARVAL HABITAT: Unknown. ADULT BIOLOGY: The Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) specimens were mainly collected in a sheep-baited trap. DISTRIBUTION: Known only from Angola (Gillies & Coetzee 1987), Botswana and the DRC (Gillies & de Meillon 1968). The record from Eswatini (Irish et al. 2020) is from an unpublished WHO report on an evaluation mission by a consultant team to Swaziland in November/ December 1984, led by malariologist L.T. de Almeida Franco. This identification of An. caliginosus requires confirmation as it could have been a misidentification of An. tenebrosus, which is common in the neighbouring countries of Mozambique and South Africa.Published as part of Coetzee, Maureen, 2022, Literature review of the systematics, biology and role in malaria transmission of species in the Afrotropical Anopheles subgenus Anopheles (Diptera: Culicidae), pp. 182-200 in Zootaxa 5133 (2) on pages 184-185, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5133.2.2, http://zenodo.org/record/652160
Anopheles obscurus
No full textAnopheles obscurus (Grünberg, 1905) 1905. Myzorhynchus obscurus Grünberg 1907. Myzorhynchus strachanii Theobald, synonym 1924. Anopheles obscurus of Christophers 1932. Anopheles obscurus var. nowlini Evans 1980. Anopheles nowlini White, synonym TYPE LOCALITY: Cameroon. DESCRIPTION: Wing length: 5.0 mm. Wing (Fig. 6a): Sector, subcostal and preapical pale spots present; apical pale fringe spot between R 4+5 and M 1+2; basal 0.5 of A1 dark. Maxillary palpus (Fig. 6b): Shaggy, all dark. Legs (Fig. 6c): Black, usually with minute but distinct pale bands or spots at apices of all leg segments except tarsomeres 4 and 5 of the fore- and midlegs. Variation: Pale leg markings variable. Sometimes reduced to such an extent that legs appear completely dark. Conversely, there are very occasional specimens showing very conspicuous pale markings, which in extreme cases occur both basally and apically, and hindtarsomere 5 may even be entirely white (Fig. 6c). In addition, amount of pale scaling on the wings also variable, in particular there may be a humeral pale spot at base of costa. LARVAL HABITAT: Natural collections of clear water with aquatic and semi-aquatic vegetation, such as swamps, ponds, backwaters of streams, springs, ditches and rice fields. ADULT BIOLOGY: Gillies & de Meillon (1968) described this as a forest species having little contact with humans, with small numbers being caught on human bait outdoors at night. In Gabon, Makanga et al. (2017) collected specimens in wildlife reserves. The blood meal of one An. obscurus was from the ungulate Cephalophus callipygus, known as Peters’s duiker. Three out of 21 females were found infected with ungulate haemosporidian parasites. At a chimpanzee rehabilitation centre in the Republic of the Congo, Bakker et al. (2020) used traps baited with odours from chimpanzees, humans and cows to collect mosquitoes over a four– month period. Over 5,000 An. obscurus were collected but no preference was shown for any one of the odours, with mean collections of 29.9, 27.0 and 28.3 mosquitoes per bait per trap-night, respectively. DISTRIBUTION: Primarily a species of West African and Congo forests, ranging from Sierra Leone through Cameroon and the DRC to Uganda, South Sudan and Ethiopia; southward to Angola and also Pemba (Ngezi forest) in Tanzania (Gillies & de Meillon 1968).Published as part of Coetzee, Maureen, 2022, Literature review of the systematics, biology and role in malaria transmission of species in the Afrotropical Anopheles subgenus Anopheles (Diptera: Culicidae), pp. 182-200 in Zootaxa 5133 (2) on pages 188-189, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5133.2.2, http://zenodo.org/record/652160
- …
