37 research outputs found
THE PRINCIPLE OF EQUILIBRIUM AND SEPARATION OF POWERS UNDER THE ROMANIAN CONSTITUTION
No full textThe separation of powers, this reality which dominates the constitutional order beginning with the modern era, conveys through structures, institutions and methods, the relations that exist and should exist between the power and those commissioned to exercise the power, with the aim of establishing reasonable correlations between the governed and the governance according to the public liberties. The separation of powers principle gained ground in people\u27s mind only when they felt the constitutional regime should be installed. It was so important on the European and American continents, that creating democratic societies without it would have been out of discussion. And when along with the constitutional regime, they reached to the idea of a state of law, the separation of powers principle was considered the only method able to form it
Atribuţiile preşedintelui României în raport cu Parlamentul - Aspecte teoretice şi practice
No full textIn the Romanian constitutional system, both the President and the Parliament are elected by universal, equal, direct, secret, and freely-expressed ballot. Between these two public authorities there are institutional relationships, each authority having a well-delimited competence. According to the Romanian Constitution, revised, the relations between the President and the Parliament are relations that regard addressing messages to the Parliament, convening and dissolving the Parliament, passing laws, and other responsibilities that involve a form of cooperation with the Parliament, such as a referendum. The present study is an analysis of the responsibilities of the President of Romania in his relations with the Parliament, as occurred over time.</p
Effect of Foliar Boron Fertilization on Chemical Properties and Fatty Acid Compositions of Corn (<i>Zea mays</i> L.)
No full textBoron is a member of the metaloid group of elements and is an important essential microelement needed for normal crop growth and development. This research was conducted in 2015 in Hatay (Mediterranean region of Turkey) to determine foliar application of Boron effect on protein ratio, starch ratio and oil yield and oil components of corn. To evaluate the response of foliar application of boron to corn, four boron doses (control, 4, 6 and 8 mg/m(2)) were applied at the three growing stages (V2; 2 leaves with visible collars, V4; 4 leaves with visible collars, V2V4; half dosage was applied V2 and half dosage was applied V4). The experiment was carried out in a split plot design with three replicates using cultivar 82 May 70. Ears were harvested and randomly selected for analysis of protein ratio, starch ratio, oil yield and fatty acid composition. Even though there was no significant difference in Boron treatments in terms of protein and starch, significant difference was determined in oil yield and fatty acid composition. In general, foliar application of higher Boron doses (6, 8 mg/m(2)) increased oleic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid. In the early development period (V2), foliar application of boron caused an increase in the content of linoleic acid and linolenic acid of corn
The Evolution of Welfare Systems: Social Democratic and Social Autocratic Paths
No full textStudents of global and regional political economy have produced a vast literature on divergent paths of capitalist evolution. The evolution of welfare systems, in general, and their different paths, in particular, have also widely been analysed in economic and social studies. The author, joining the discussions from a world system perspective, makes an attempt at presenting a global and regional political economic comparison of the seemingly similar welfare systems that have evolved in Northern and in Eastern Europe. The apparent convergence of the Sovietic type to the Nordic social democratic pattern is scrutinised, distinguishing it from the latter by the “social autocratic” label.
Journal of Economic Literature (JEL) kód: I31, I38, P36, P3
The Role of Psychological Interventions in Enhancing Quality of Life for Patients with Cystic Fibrosis—A Systematic Review
No full textBackground/Objectives: Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a chronic genetic disease that impacts both physical and psychological health, increasing vulnerability to anxiety, depression, and reduced quality of life (QoL). Psychological interventions, particularly cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), have demonstrated promising results in enhancing emotional resilience, treatment adherence, and QoL. This systematic review aims to evaluate the role and effectiveness of psychological interventions in improving the QoL among individuals with CF. Methods: A comprehensive literature search was conducted across the PubMed, Scopus, and PsycINFO databases for studies published between 2014 and 2024, in line with PRISMA guidelines and a registered PROSPERO protocol. Out of 162 initially identified articles, six clinical studies met the inclusion criteria. Intervention included cognitive behavioral therapy-based interventions, employing several digital or telehealth formats such as fibrosis-specific cognitive behavioral therapy (CF-CBT) and the coping and learning to manage stress (CALM) program, often delivered via telehealth. Results: Most interventions demonstrated significant reductions in depression, anxiety, and perceived stress, alongside improvements in coping self-efficacy and vitality. Cohen’s d-effect sizes ranged from moderate to large for core psychological outcomes. QoL measures, particularly vitality and emotional functioning, were significantly enhanced in most studies. Conclusions: Psychological interventions, particularly CBT and ACT, significantly improve mental health and QoL in individuals with CF, supporting their integration into routine care
Cross-cultural adaptation and validation of the Romanian Hip disability and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score for Joint Replacement
No full textThe Impact of Diabetic Neuropathy on Balance and on the Risk of Falls in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Cross-Sectional Study.
No full textINTRODUCTION:Diabetic neuropathy (DN) is a prevalent complication of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) with a major impact on the health of the affected patient. We hypothesized that mediated by the dysfunctionalities associated with DN's three major components: sensitive (lack of motion associated sensory), motor (impairments in movement coordination) and autonomic (the presence of postural hypotension), the presence of DN may impair the balance in the affected patients. Our study's main aim is to evaluate the possible association between the presence and severity of DN and both the balance impairment and the risk of falls in patients with T2DM. MATERIAL AND METHOD:In this cross-sectional study we enrolled, according to a consecutive-case population-based setting 198 patients with T2DM. The presence and severity of DN was evaluated using the Michigan Neuropathy Screening Instrument, a tool which allows both diagnosing and severity staging of DN. The balance impairment and the risk of falls were evaluated using four validated and standardized tools: Berg Balance Scale (BBS), Timed-up and Go test (TUG), Single Leg Stand test (SLS) and Fall Efficacy Scale (FES-I). RESULTS:The presence of DN was associated with significant decreases in the BBS score (40.5 vs. 43.7 points; p<0.001) and SLS time (9.3 vs. 10.3 seconds; p = 0.003) respectively increases in TUG time (8.9 vs. 7.6 seconds; p = 0.002) and FES-I score (38 vs. 33 points; p = 0.034). The MNSI score was reverse and significantly correlated with both BBS score (Spearman's r = -0.479; p<0.001) and SLS time (Spearman's r = -0.169; p = 0.017). In the multivariate regression model, we observed that patient's age, DN severity and depression's symptoms acted as independent, significant predictors for the risk of falls in patients with T2DM. CONCLUSIONS:The presence of DN in patients with DM is associated with impaired balance and with a consecutively increase in the risk of falls
Low-Tech Telemedicine Reduces Caregiver Burden and Improves Outcomes in Older Adults with Chronic Diseases: Results from a Prospective Study in Romania
No full textBackground: Family caregivers of patients with chronic diseases face high levels of burden, anxiety, and burnout, which may negatively affect both their well-being and patient outcomes. Low-cost, accessible telemedicine approaches may provide practical support in resource-limited settings. Methods: We conducted a prospective, parallel-group controlled study in Timisoara, Romania, between April 2024 and March 2025 and included 161 caregivers of older adults with chronic diseases, allocated 1:1 to receive either structured low-cost telemedicine support (weekly phone calls and SMS reminders; n = 82) or usual care (n = 79). Data were collected at baseline, three months, and six months through structured interviews. The primary outcome was caregiver burden measured by the Zarit Burden Interview (ZBI). Secondary outcomes included caregiver anxiety, burnout, satisfaction, and patient-related outcomes such as emergency room (ER) visits, hospital readmissions, and medication adherence. Analyses were performed using ANCOVA and logistic regression, adjusting for baseline values and relevant covariates. Results: At three months, caregivers in the intervention group had significantly lower burden scores compared to controls (adjusted mean difference −2.9; 95% CI −4.7 to −1.1; p = 0.002). Reductions in anxiety (−1.4; p = 0.02) and burnout (−1.6; p = 0.01) were also observed. These effects persisted at six months, though slightly attenuated. Patient outcomes favored the intervention: ER visits were lower at six months (27.50% vs. 41.02%; aOR 0.55, 95% CI 0.30–0.99; p = 0.047), while medication adherence and readmissions showed consistent but non-significant improvements. No adverse effects were reported. Conclusions: A simple, low-tech telemedicine program reduced caregiver burden, anxiety, and burnout and decreased ER visits. Improvements in medication adherence and readmissions were observed, but did not reach statistical significance. This pragmatic intervention can easily be integrated into primary care follow-up or community-based caregiver support programs, providing an affordable and low-cost technique to promote chronic disease management and caregiver well-being, especially in resource-limited health systems
A Cross-Sectional Assessment of Parental Concerns in the Pediatric Surgery Department during the COVID-19 Pandemic
No full textThe COVID-19 pandemic has impacted various aspects of healthcare, including pediatric surgery. This study aimed to assess parental concerns and stress levels in pediatric surgery during the COVID-19 pandemic, identify factors associated with increased parental anxiety or concern, and provide recommendations for healthcare providers. A cross-sectional study was conducted in a tertiary pediatric hospital in Timisoara, Romania, involving 174 parents of pediatric patients requiring elective or emergency surgery, with a mean age of 37.6 (25–47) years, out of which 89.1% of respondents were women. Parental concerns were assessed using the Parental Concerns Questionnaire (PCQ), the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), and the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10). Parents of children undergoing emergency surgery (n = 108) reported higher levels on the practical impact domain of the PCQ scale (3.4 vs. 2.2, p < 0.001), emotional impact (2.7 vs. 2.2, p = 0.002), and total PCQ score (9.5 vs. 7.7, p < 0.001) compared to parents of children undergoing elective surgery (n = 66). Parents in the emergent surgery group also reported higher anxiety scores on the HADS questionnaire (7.9 vs. 6.5, p = 0.009) and higher perceived stress and total score on the PSS-10 survey (7.8 vs. 5.6, p = 0.046) (10.5 vs. 9.1, p = 0.047), respectively. A significantly higher proportion of parents in the emergent surgery group were concerned about restricted visitation policies (p = 0.013) and reported delaying or considering delaying their child’s surgery due to the pandemic (p = 0.036). The results demonstrate heightened concerns, anxiety, and stress among parents of children undergoing emergency surgery during the COVID-19 pandemic. Healthcare providers should address parental concerns, provide clear communication, and ensure adequate support for families. Recommendations include enhancing information about COVID-19 precautions, reassuring parents about personal protective equipment availability, and facilitating family support within visitation restrictions
Evaluating Family Coping Mechanisms in Pediatric Seizure Disorders: From Emergency Room to Long-Term Follow-Up
No full textPediatric seizure disorders profoundly impact family dynamics, often escalating stress and impairing coping mechanisms. This study aimed to longitudinally assess the impact of pediatric seizures on family stress and coping, evaluating the efficacy of multidisciplinary follow-up care in enhancing psychological resilience and adaptation. A longitudinal study design was implemented, enrolling children aged 1–18 who presented with a first seizure and received a neurologist’s diagnosis at the Emergency Clinical Hospital for Children “Louis Turcanu,” Timisoara, Romania. Validated questionnaires, including the Parenting Stress Index (PSI), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10), and Parental Concerns Questionnaire (PCQ), were employed at baseline, 6, and 12 months. Statistical analysis utilized ANOVA and t-tests to evaluate changes in stress and coping outcomes. The study involved 68 families, with significant reductions in stress and anxiety reported over the follow-up period. Initial PSI scores showed high stress levels across various domains: Emotional Stress (59.47) decreased to 50.63 at one year; Parent–Child Communication Difficulties started at 66.03 ± 20.15 and reduced to 56.92 ± 18.74; and Total Family Stress decreased from 65.55 to 55.97. The HADS scores indicated initial anxiety and depression at 8.2 ± 3.1 and 7.1 ± 2.8, respectively, with reductions to 6.8 and 5.9 by the end of the year. The overall HADS score showed a decrease from 15.4 to 12.8. PCQ results mirrored these findings, with Total Score dropping from 9.7 to 7.7. PSS-10 scores declined from 13.5 to 11.3, with a significant reduction in the positive sub-score. The proactive, multidisciplinary care approach significantly reduced stress and enhanced coping mechanisms in families dealing with pediatric seizures. The decreases in stress, anxiety, and depression scores highlight the potential for integrated care models to improve long-term outcomes in these families. These findings support the continued development of targeted interventions to aid in the management of chronic pediatric conditions
