116 research outputs found
Diabetic retinopathy
No full textDiabetic retinopathy is the leading cause of blindness in the working-age population in the UK. Despite the available treatments, many patients present late in the course of the disease when treatment is more difficult. If diabetic retinopathy is detected, tightening of the modifiable risk factors (e.g. blood glucose and blood pressure) can slow disease progression. When sight-threatening retinopathy is detected, laser treatment reduces the risk of visual loss. When a stage of advanced retinopathy is detected, vitrectomy operations with modern surgical techniques provide improving results for patients. © 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved
Xx vs. xy : the international journal of sex differences in the study of health, disease and aging
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Condition of animals on arrival at the abattoir and their management during lairage
No full textThis chapter presents guidelines on how to assess fitness for transport, undertake on-farm euthanasia for animals not fit for transport; and develop on-farm policies to avoid transporting animals in a deteriorated and compromised condition. Also, how lairage conditions and the management of animals in a lairage may or may not mitigate the condition of the animals on arrival and avoiding deterioration of their welfare during lairage were discussed. Resting behaviour and the importance of physical and social environmental factors in meeting the behavioural and physiological requirements of the animals while in a lairage were also emphasized
Approaches to legislation and enforcement to minimize welfare issues associated with slaughter
No full textThe first section of this chapter will cover how to get started in assessing animal welfare issues at the abattoir that occur during transport or on the farm. The second section will cover an in-depth review of the literature on welfare assessments at the abattoir. In the next section, the most important indicators for a practical commercial programme are outlined. There will also be a discussion on the limitations of in-abattoir welfare audits
Welfare issues at slaughter
No full textThis chapter discusses animal welfare in the context of slaughter and reviews the types of welfare issues that some animals can experience before and during slaughter. It shows how animal feelings such as pain, distress, fear, hunger, thirst, fatigue and discomfort can be affected by the procedures associated with slaughter and how responses to these states can be recognized. It concludes with a discussion on methods of assessing animal welfare at slaughter
Understanding the effects of handling,transportation, lairage and slaughter on cattle welfare and beef quality
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