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Building facades: issues of sustainability, maintenance and refurbishment
No full textThe UK has a fairly mature building stock with between 1 and 5 % of new buildings being introduced each year. The development of new facade solutions which can respond to the needs of the occupants of both new and refurbished buildings is therefore a key area for development. The built environment is a major consumer of energy across the domestic, industrial and service sectors. The construction and operation of buildings are responsible for about one-third of the energy use and one-half of the electricity use in most industrialised countries. A large share of the energy use is associated with protection from the external climate and operation of systems necessary to give the occupants a comfortable indoor environment. Natural light is seen as a key driver to people’s well being both in the workplace and at a home. However, to realise high daylight factors in offices on overcast days in particular requires highly glazed facades. Single glazed windows result in high winter month heat loads, whereas modern double or triple glazed units could result in summer overheating without additional solar protection or ventilation. This paper discusses the issue of facade refurbishment or replacement in the UK for multi-occupancy buildings in both the commercial and domestic sectors. Sustainability is considered from people, process and product perspectives for traditionally glazed facades in comparison to double skin facades and climatic envelopes
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A façade casebase for teaching and learning intelligent buildings
No full textThis paper presents the conceptual design of a façade casebase for teaching and learning intelligent building (IB) related programmes. The proposed façade casebase aims to support current e-learning tools to effectively and efficiently train both on-campus and distance students at either undergraduate or postgraduate level. The conceptual design is conducted based on a standard building classification. A general format of façade cases is designed to regulate case collection and reuse. The research described in this paper initially covers undetermined issues such as case-based teaching and learning in relevant programmes. The proof of concept deployment of the casebase can then be fully evaluated for extension and deployment throughout institutions to support all on-campus and distance students not only in IB related programmes but also in other programmes where case method can be adopted
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