1,720,973 research outputs found
Impact of family planning clinic provision on the urban poor in Pakistan
No full textFamily planning programmes are costly to implement, so it is critical to determine their effect. This study uses a quasi-experimental design to determine the impact of new family planning clinics on knowledge and unmet need for family planning, amongst married women in urban poor areas of six secondary cities of Pakistan.Baseline (n=5,338) and end-line (n=5,502) population surveys were conducted in four study sites and two control sites. Client exit interviews identified the sociodemographic and geographic characteristics of clinic users. The results show that the clinics contributed to a 5% increase in overall knowledge of family planning methods, and 15% increase in knowledge of female sterilisation and the IUD. Unmet need for family planning declined in the Punjab sites, while there were variable impacts on the sites in Sindh province. Although the new clinics are located within urban poor communities, users of the services are not the urban poor themselves but select subgroups of the local population
Who is being served least by family planning providers? A study of modern contraceptive use in Ghana, Tanzania and Zimbabwe
No full textThis study was conducted to identify the poorest and other vulnerable sub-groups being served least by family planning providers. The study was set in three countries in sub-Saharan Africa, namely, Ghana, Tanzania and Zimbabwe. This region generally has a low but increasing uptake of modern contraceptive methods. As the use of family planning providers increases, there is a need to understand who is not being served and why. Logistic regression analyses of demographic and health survey data were conducted to identify the characteristics and geographical areas of women who are not using modern contraceptive methods. The results show some similarities among the countries in those using modern methods the least. However, a number of groups were country specific. Identifying the poorest women with the lowest use of modern methods is best done by assessing their household amenities or their partner's status rather than theirs
The impact of family planning clinics on the urban poor in Pakistan
No full textThis study uses a quasi-experimental design to determine the impact of new family planning clinics on knowledge, contraceptive use, and unmet need for family planning among married women in poor urban areas of six secondary cities of Pakistan. Baseline (n = 5,338) and end line (n = 5,502) population surveys were conducted during 1999–2000 and 2001–02 in four study sites and two control sites. Exit interviews with clients identified the socio demographic and geographic characteristics of clinic users. The results show that the clinics contributed to a 5 percent increase in overall knowledge of family planning methods and an increase in knowledge of female sterilization and the IUD of 15 percent and 7 percent, respectively. Distinct effects were found on contraceptive uptake, including an 8 percent increase in female sterilization and a 7 percent decline in condom use. Unmet need for family planning declined in two sites, whereas impacts on the other sites were variable. Although the new clinics are located within poor urban communities, users of the services were not the urban poor, but rather were select subgroups of the local population
Impact of franchised family planning clinics in urban poor areas in Pakistan
No full textFamily planning programmes are costly to implement, so it is critical to determine their effect. This study uses a quasi-experimental design to determine the impact of new family planning clinics on knowledge, contraceptive use and unmet need for family planning, amongst married women in urban poor areas of six secondary cities of Pakistan. Baseline (n=5,338) and end-line (n=5,502) population surveys were conducted in four study sites and two control sites. Client exit interviews identified the socio-demographic and geographic characteristics of clinic users. The results show that the clinics contributed to a 5% increase in overall knowledge of family planning methods, and an increase in knowledge of female sterilisation and the IUD of 15% and 7% respectively. There were distinct effects on contraceptive uptake, with an 8% increase in female sterilisation and 7% decline in condom use. Unmet need for family planning declined in two sites, while there were variable impacts on the other sites. Although the new clinics are located within urban poor communities, users of the services are not the urban poor themselves but select sub-groups of the local populatio
Reasons for second trimester abortions in England and Wales
No full textThis paper summarises the findings of a study on second trimester abortion in England and Wales in 2005. Second trimester abortions constitute a relatively small proportion of the total number of legal abortions performed in these countries yet attract quite substantial public, and particularly media, attention. Discussion of these abortions has, however, been conducted within a context of little understanding of the factors which explain why they happen. This paper starts with a brief introduction to the policy context for provision of second trimester abortion, and a summary of existing research in the area. It then presents the results of a survey of 883 women of their own reasons why they had abortions in the second trimester. The key concept is that of ‘‘delay’’ and reasons for delay in seeking or obtaining abortion at five stages in the pathway to abortion. No clear, single reason emerges. Amongst the main reasons identified are uncertainty about what to do if they were pregnant, not realising they were pregnant, experiencing bleeding which may have been confused with continuing to have periods, and changes in personal circumstances. The paper ends with a consideration of the implications of the results for education, policy development and service provision
Contextual influences on the use of health facilities for childbirth in Africa
No full textStudies of maternal health seeking behaviour have focused on individual and household level factors. This analysis examines community level influences on the decision to deliver a child in a health facility across six African countries. Demographic and Health Survey data are linked with contextual data, and multilevel models are fitted to identify the determinants of childbirth in a health facility in the six countries. There are strong community level influences on a woman’s decision to deliver her child in a health facility. Several pathways of influence between the community and individual were identified. Community economic development, the climate of female autonomy, service provision and fertility preferences all exert an influence on a woman’s decision to seek care during labour, although significant community variation remains unexplained
What determines geographical variation in rates of acceptance onto renal replacement therapy in England?
No full textExplaining areal variations in contraceptive use in East Africa
No full textPreliminary research findings are presented for the determinants of the use of modern contraception in three East African countries (Kenya, Malawi and Tanzania) and the importance of these determinants in accounting for the areal variation in contraceptive use. This study analyses Demographic and Health Surveys data for each country using multilevel logistic regression models. The findings show that there are similarities in the factors associated with modern contraceptive use in each country. The individual / household factors do account for some areal variation in contraceptive use, but significant variation remains. There is evidence that this unexplained variation is accounted for by unobserved contextual factors
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