783 research outputs found
Accepting Optimally in Automated Negotiation with Incomplete Information (abstract)
No full textIntelligent SystemsElectrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Scienc
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Episode #2: Interview with President Koen Lenaerts
No full textEpisode #2 of the Borderlines CJEU Series features CJEU President Koen Lenaerts in conversation with Professor Katerina Linos (Berkeley) and Professor Mark Pollack (Temple University). President Lenaerts has been re-elected to the Court’s top office by his peers three times since 2015, having served tirelessly since his nomination to the CJEU in 2003 by home country of Belgium. His interview traces the historic path to today’s Court of Justice, and illuminates differences from other courts, including the U.S. federal judicial system.Listeners will come away with an overview of the Court’s functions and structural methodology in interpreting the EU legal order, including the role of the President, the Judge rapporteur, and the Advocate General. Presidential responsibilities include assigning cases to Judges and presiding over the Grand Chamber to deal with the most important cases. New developments in case law, evolving technological access, and finding balance between unity and diversity, privacy and security, are addressed by the head of the EU’s judicial institution.President Lenaerts in total has spent 35 years as a European Union Judge, initially serving on the Court of First Instance of the European Communities (now the General Court) when it was established in 1989. He earned his legal degrees including a doctorate in Belgium and also obtained a Masters of Laws and a Masters in Public Administration from Harvard University. President Lenaerts is Professor of European Union Law at Leuven University in Belgium and a member of many legal and academic associations including the Academia Europaea, London; the Advisory Council of the British Institute of International and Comparative Law; the Advisory Board of the Centre of Law and Governance in Europe, University College London; the Governing Board of the Foundation of the Academy of European Law (ERA), Trier; and the Board of Trustees of the Max-Planck-Institut für ausländisches öffentliches Recht und Völkerrecht, Heidelberg. He is the recipient of numerous awards and author of a vast list of publications.</p
Correction to: Decisional Balance Inventory (DBI) Adolescent Form for Smoking: Psychometric Properties of the Persian Version
No full textCorrection After publication of the article [1], it has been brought to our attention that the first and last names of the third author were transposed in the original article. The author was published as “Ponnet Koen” where in fact the correct name is “Koen Ponnet”. The original article has been revised to reflect this
Direct Shaping of Minimum and Maximum Singular Values: An H<sub>-</sub>/H<sub>∞</sub> Synthesis Approach for Fault Detection Filters
No full textThe performance of fault detection filters relies on a high sensitivity to faults and a low sensitivity to disturbances. The aim of this paper is to develop an approach to directly shape these sensitivities, expressed in terms of minimum and maximum singular values. The developed method offers an alternative solution to the H-/H∞ synthesis problem, building upon traditional multiobjective synthesis results. The result is an optimal filter synthesized via iterative convex optimization and the approach is particularly useful for fault diagnosis as illustrated by a numerical example.Team Jan-Willem van Wingerde
Acceptance conditions in automated negotiation
No full textIn every negotiation with a deadline, one of the negotiating parties has to accept an offer to avoid a break off. A break off is usually an undesirable outcome for both parties, therefore it is important that a negotiator employs a proficient mechanism to decide under which conditions to accept. When designing such conditions one is faced with the acceptance dilemma: accepting the current offer may be suboptimal, as better offers may still be presented. On the other hand, accepting too late may prevent an agreement from being reached, resulting in a break off with no gain for either party. Motivated by the challenges of bilateral negotiations between automated agents and by the results and insights of the automated negotiating agents competition (ANAC), we classify and compare state-of-the-art generic acceptance conditions. We focus on decoupled acceptance conditions, i.e. conditions that do not depend on the bidding strategy that is used. We performed extensive experiments to compare the performance of acceptance conditions in combination with a broad range of bidding strategies and negotiation domains. Furthermore we propose new acceptance conditions and we demonstrate that they outperform the other conditions that we study. In particular, it is shown that they outperform the standard acceptance condition of comparing the current offer with the offer the agent is ready to send out. We also provide insight in to why some conditions work better than others and investigate correlations between the properties of the negotiation environment and the efficacy of acceptance conditions.MediamaticsElectrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Scienc
Closed-loop Aspects in MIMO Fault Diagnosis with Application to Precision Mechatronics
No full textFault detection is essential in precision mechatronics to facilitate maintenance and minimize operational downtime. The aim of this paper is to develop a systematic procedure from identification to accurate nullspace-based fault diagnosis, accounting for the influence of noise and interaction in multivariable closed-loop control configurations. The influence of noise and interaction on the model estimate and fault diagnosis system are investigated through the use of closed-loop operators and by means of an illustrative case study
Measuring Safety Culture Using an Integrative Approach: The Development of a Comprehensive Conceptual Framework and an Applied Safety Culture Assessment Instrument
No full textAn exponential amount of academic research has been dedicated to the safety culture concept, but still, no consensus has been reached on its definition and content. In general, safety culture research lacks an interdisciplinary approach. Furthermore, although the concept of safety culture is characterised by complexity and multifacetedness, the safety culture concept has been characterised by reductionism, where models and theories simplify the concept in order to better grasp it, leading to confined approaches. In this article, the multifacetedness of safety culture is acknowledged, and the topic is addressed from a safety science perspective, combining insights from multiple academic disciplines. An integrative and comprehensive conceptual framework to assess safety culture in organisations is developed, taking into account the limitations of existing models, as well as the needs of the work field. This conceptual framework is called the ‘Integrated Safety Culture Assessment’ (ISCA), where the ‘assessment’ refers to its practical usability. The practical rendition of ISCA can be used to map the safety culture of an organisation and to formulate recommendations in this regard, with the ultimate goal of bringing about a change towards a positive safety culture. The comprehensiveness of ISCA lies in the inclusion of technological factors, organisational or contextual factors and human factors interacting and interrelating with each other, and in considering both observable or objective safety-related aspects in an organisation, and non-observable or subjective safety-related aspects. When using ISCA, organisational safety culture is assessed in an integrative way by using a variety of research methods involving the entire organisation, and by taking into account the specific context of the organisation
Digital Twins in Mechatronics: From Model-based Control to Predictive Maintenance
No full textFault diagnosis systems are essential in precision mechatronics to facilitate maintenance and to minimize downtime. The aim of this paper is to describe the current trend in control for precision mechatronics and the related future challenges for digital twin-assisted predictive maintenance as well as recently developed approaches. The future generation of fault diagnosis systems is envisaged to rely on identified physics-based models, enriched by the available real-time data from a large number of sensors and actuators
A closed-loop perspective on fault detection for precision motion control: With application to an overactuated system
No full textFault diagnosis is crucial in high-tech production equipment to minimize operational downtime and to facilitate targeted maintenance. Future high-tech systems have numerous complex closed-loop control systems and require compatible fault diagnosis systems. The aim of this paper is to develop a procedure for decentralized fault detection in the presence of additional feedback interconnections. The influence of the additional feedback interconnections on the fault diagnosis system is investigated by means of an illustrative experimental study that resembles a next generation flexible motion system
Nudging as a crime prevention strategy: the use of nudges to improve cyclists’ locking behavior and reduce the opportunities for bicycle theft
No full textAs policy makers are developing new alternative strategies to prevent bicycle theft, a nudging approach could provide useful insights in this field. In the current study, two different nudges were implemented at a selection of bicycle parking facilities in the neighborhood of a Belgian university campus. To measure the effectiveness of the nudges, a multi-method approach was used with a combination of observations (n = 3963) and questionnaires (n = 197). The results showed that both nudges had a positive impact on cyclists’ locking behavior. Based on these findings, it can be concluded that nudging can be a rather cheap and easy way to improve secure behavior. However, concerns such as the limitations of increased awareness on behavior and the excessive focus on the victim need to be taken into account when implementing nudges in the field of security.Safety and Security Scienc
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