7,186 research outputs found
Chondraster elattosis H. L. Clark 1923
No full textChondraster elattosis H. L. Clark 1923 H.L. Clark 1923: 274–275, pl. 8, fig. 4; 1926: 17–18; Madsen 1959: 156–157; A.M. Clark & Courtman-Stock 1976: 73–74; Clark & Downey 1992: 202; A.M. Clark 1993: 229. Occurrence. South Africa, west of Cape Province (c. 34 ºS, 18 ºE) extending south and east to about 37 ºS, 21 ºE, 402–1025. Material examined. SAEON # 3, South Africa, – 35.9969, 19.5724, 618 m. Coll. SAEON, trawl 011- 5150, st. A 31370 (1 wet spec. R= 7.8, r=6.0)Published as part of Mah, Christopher L. & Foltz, David W., 2014, New taxa and taxonomic revisions to the Poraniidae (Valvatacea; Asteroidea) with Comments on Feeding Biology, pp. 327-372 in Zootaxa 3795 (3) on pages 333-334, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3795.3.7, http://zenodo.org/record/25213
Knightaster H. E. S. Clark 1972
No full textWhat is Knightaster? Based on the description outlined for Knightaster bakeri by H. E. S. Clark (1972) and H. E. S. Clark & McKnight (2001) and compared with details summarized by O’Loughlin & Waters (2004), several relevant characters suggest its membership should be ascribed to the Asterinidae. Clark (1972) proposed affinities with several ganeriid genera, such as Cycethra, but provided no characters for these relationships. Based on Clark’s (1972) description, Knightaster lacks paxillae, which are present in the other Hyalinothricinae, and has a surface with flattened, spine-bearing abactinal plates arranged into an irregular reticulum rather than imbricate plates forming a series of single regular papular pore openings. Knightaster displays several character similarities asterinids which are narrow at the base of the arm, elongate and sub cylindrical in cross-section, such as Nepanthia or Pseudonepanthia. Considering the complexity of the asterinids, it is beyond the scope of this study to further reconcile Knightaster without evaluation and comparison within the Asterinidae.Published as part of Mah, Christopher L. & Fujita, Toshihiko, 2020, New species and occurrence records of Japanese Solasteridae and Ganeriidae including a new species of Paralophaster from the North Pacific with an overview of Hyalinothrix, pp. 67-100 in Zootaxa 4750 (1) on page 83, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4750.1.4, http://zenodo.org/record/370284
Zoroaster macracantha H. L. Clark 1916
No full textZOROASTER MACRACANTHA H.L. CLARK, 1916 Zoroaster macracantha H.L. Clark, 1916 68; 1920: 101 (in key); Fell, 1957: 33; Fell, 1958: 19. Bythiolophus macracanthus Rowe & Gates, 1995: 115; Clark & Mah, 2001: 230. Occurrence: South Australia: 146–1006 m. Material: MCZ 2499 - PARATYPE. Great Australian Bight. 129°28′E, 146–219 m (1 dry spec. R = 16.2, r = 1.5); NMNH 1084275 Chatham Rise, 43°40′S, 179°28′E, 403 m, Coll. 24.i.1954. [1 dry spec. R = ∼15.5, r = 2.1 (arms broken)]Published as part of Mah, Christopher, 2007, Phylogeny of the Zoroasteridae (Zorocallina; Forcipulatida): evolutionary events in deep-sea Asteroidea displaying Palaeozoic features, pp. 177-210 in Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 150 (1) on page 197, DOI: 10.1111/j.1096-3642.2007.00291.x, http://zenodo.org/record/543087
Hippasteria phrygiana STRONGYLACTIS H. L. CLARK 1926
No full text<i>HIPPASTERIA PHRYGIANA STRONGYLACTIS</i> H.L. CLARK, 1926 <p>H.L. Clark, 1926: 13; A.M. Clark, 1952: 196; A.M. Clark & Courtman-Stock, 1976: 63; Clark & Downey, 1992: 249</p> <p> <i>Occurrence:</i> South Africa. 320–980 m.</p> <p> <i>Material examined:</i> None.</p>Published as part of <i>Mah, Christopher, Nizinski, Martha & Lundsten, Lonny, 2010, Phylogenetic revision of the Hippasterinae (Goniasteridae; Asteroidea): systematics of deep sea corallivores, including one new genus and three new species, pp. 266-301 in Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 160 (2)</i> on page 288, DOI: 10.1111/j.1096-3642.2010.00638.x, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/10114738">http://zenodo.org/record/10114738</a>
Eknomiaster H. E. S. Clark 2001
No full textEknomiaster H.E.S. Clark 2001 in Clark & McKnight 2001 H.E.S. Clark 2001: 40; Mah 2007: 316. Diagnosis. Body shape pentagonal (R/r=1.47–1.55), interradial arcs weakly curved to straight. Abactinal plates, polygonal, bare, smooth with no surficial accessories. Marginal plates, blocky, smooth with no surficial accessories, enlarged with five to eight per interradius. Actinal surface covered by granules, pedicellariae of varying types. Furrow spines three to seven. Comments. As outlined by Mah (2007) this genus was supported as a member of the Pentagonaster clade, showing morphological affinities with the Pacific Pentagonaster and Tosia. This represents the first occurrence of this genus in the Indian Ocean.Published as part of Mah, Christopher L., 2018, New genera, species and occurrence records of Goniasteridae (Asteroidea; Echinodermata) from the Indian Ocean, pp. 1-116 in Zootaxa 4539 (1) on page 32, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4539.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/261591
Ophidiaster macknighti H. E. S. Clark 1962
No full textOphidiaster macknighti H.E.S. Clark, 1962 H.E.S. Clark 1962: 2; McKnight 1993: 171; A.M. Clark 1993: 349; Rowe & Gates 1995: 92. H.E.S. Clark & McKnight 2001: 168. Comments. The New Caledonia specimens agree with most characters as summarized by H.E.S. Clark (1962). This species is very similar in appearance to O. agassizi Perrier, 1881. Pedicellariae are identical in specimens from both regions, showing recurved valves with fine, hyaline tips. This species differs from O. agassizi in that the furrow spines are relatively free from granular cover but subambulacral spines are similar in appearance. Occurrence. New Caledonia. Northeaster New Zealand, Wanganella Bank, New South Wales. 20– 250 m. Specimen records. New Caledonia: MNHN IE-2013-9781. New Caledonia, 25°21′S, 159°45′E, 25°22′S, 159°43′E, 108 – 130 m. Coll. KANADEEP DW 4945, 1 wet spec. R=7.0, r=0.8. MNHN IE-2016-1527. New Caledonia, 22°21′S, 168°42′E, 240– 250 m. Coll EXBODI DW 3897, 1 wet spec. R=5.7, r=0.Published as part of Mah, Christopher L., 2021, The East Pacific / South Pacific Boundary: New taxa and occurrences from Rapa Nui (Easter Island), New Caledonia and adjacent regions, pp. 401-450 in Zootaxa 4980 (3) on pages 436-437, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4980.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/489688
Goniodiscaster H. L. Clark 1909
No full text<i>Goniodiscaster</i> H.L. Clark 1909 <p>H.L. Clark 1909: 110; Döderlein 1935: 74; A.M. Clark 1993: 300 (checklist); Gates & Rowe 1995: 99.</p> <p> <b>Diagnosis.</b> Skeleton robust, Body stellate, marginal plates form distinct frame around edge (Fig. 15A). Abactinal plates abutted, covered by continuous granular cover (Fig. 15B). Interradial regions with paired abactinal plates forming distinct “fold” in each interradius (Fig. 15B). Spines and/or tubercles present or absent. Marginal and actinal surface covered by granular cover. Pedicellariae absent.</p> <p> <b>Comments.</b> It is argued herein that <i>Goniodiscaster</i> shares more characters with the Goniasteridae, specifically the Anthenoidinae, such as <i>Anthenoides</i>, and similar genera such as <i>Ogmaster, Stellaster</i> and <i>Stellasteropsis</i>. <i>Goniodiscaster</i> shares the more flattened body form, but also the interradial paired plates present in the interradii, and the distinct “fold” created by their contact (Fig. 15B) which I argue are synapomorphies for this group. A full summary of this group is premature and beyond the scope of this treatment.</p> <p> <i>Goniodiscaster</i> was originally assigned to the Goniasteridae by H.L. Clark (1909) and retained there by Fisher (1919) and Clark and Rowe (1971). Döderlein (1935) moved <i>Goniodiscaster</i> to the Oreasteridae, where it has remained in most contemporary summary treatments and checklists (e.g., Spencer & Wright 1966, A.M. Clark 1993, Gates & Rowe 1995).</p>Published as part of <i>Mah, Christopher L., 2018, New genera, species and occurrence records of Goniasteridae (Asteroidea; Echinodermata) from the Indian Ocean, pp. 1-116 in Zootaxa 4539 (1)</i> on page 39, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4539.1.1, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/2615911">http://zenodo.org/record/2615911</a>
Acheronaster tumidus H. E. S. Clark 1982
No full textAcheronaster tumidus H.E.S. Clark, 1982 Figure 16A–E H.E.S. Clark 1982: 39; H.E.S. Clark & McKnight 2001: 180. Taxonomic comment. This represents the first record of this species since its description by H.E.S. Clark (1982) and extends the range from the Kermadec Islands and Australia to Norfolk Ridge. Occurrence. Kermadec Islands, north of New Zealand and coast of New South Wales, Australia New Caledonia, 110– 300 m Material examined. MNHN IE-2013-6608. Kaimon-Maru Bank, Norfolk Ridge, New Caledonia, 24°44′4.6212″S, 168°9′51.7248″E, 269 – 300. Coll. Lozouet, Boisselier & Richer-IRD, aboard N/ O Alis, NORFOLK 1. CP 1678, 22 June 2001, 1 dry spec. R =18.1, r=7.7. Acheronaster sp. Comments. The Rapa Nui species displays several characters which identify it as Acheronaster, including the high disk, the triangular, sharply sloping arms, the distinct, rolled marginal plate periphery and the complete absence of spination on any of the marginal plate surfaces. Mecho et al. (2019: Fig. 11) reported an oreasterid showing a white body with brick red spines and highlights. This species differs in the absence of distinct, pointed abactinal spination on much of the surface and having larger, flattened primary and abactinal disk plates. Color is also substantially different. Acheronaster tumidus is described as primarily orange with bars and other patterns (H.E.S. Clark 1982: 41). Comparison of this species with that of Acheronaster tumidus, shows it to be a second, likely undescribed, species of Acheronaster. Acheronaster sp. Comments. The Rapa Nui species displays several characters which identify it as Acheronaster, including the high disk, the triangular, sharply sloping arms, the distinct, rolled marginal plate periphery and the complete absence of spination on any of the marginal plate surfaces. Mecho et al. (2019: Fig. 11) reported an oreasterid showing a white body with brick red spines and highlights. This species differs in the absence of distinct, pointed abactinal spination on much of the surface and having larger, flattened primary and abactinal disk plates. Color is also substantially different. Acheronaster tumidus is described as primarily orange with bars and other patterns (H.E.S. Clark 1982: 41). Comparison of this species with that of Acheronaster tumidus, shows it to be a second, likely undescribed, species of Acheronaster.Published as part of Mah, Christopher L., 2021, The East Pacific / South Pacific Boundary: New taxa and occurrences from Rapa Nui (Easter Island), New Caledonia and adjacent regions, pp. 401-450 in Zootaxa 4980 (3) on page 439, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4980.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/489688
Fromia elegans H. L. Clark 1921
No full text<i>Fromia elegans</i> H.L. Clark 1921 <p>FIGURE 4A–E</p> <p> <i>Fromia elegans</i> H.L. Clark 1921: 43; 1923: 240; A.H. Clark 1949: 74; A.M. Clark 1967: 189; Clark & Rowe 1971: 62; Marsh 1977: 257.</p> Diagnosis <p>Body strongly stellate (R/r=3.5–4.0), arms elongate, disk small to broad, interradial arcs acute (Fig. 4A). Abactinal plates acutely different sized plates, variably wide to irregular in shape.</p> <p>(Fig. 4A–B) and more heterogeneous plates distally. Plates weakly convex. Abactinal, marginal plates covered by granules. Marginal plates in regular series, relatively homogeneous in size, (Fig. 4C) shape, quadrate, gradually decreasing in size distally. Actinal granules triangular in cross-section. Papulae single, present between abactinal, marginal and actinal plates. Furrow spines two, subambulacral spines two with granules on adambulacral plates similar to those on actinal plates (Fig. 4E).</p> Comments <p> This account retains <i>Fromia elegans</i> as a valid species, following A.M. Clark (1993). Specimens studied herein were most consistent with descriptions outlined by H.L. Clark (1921).</p> Occurrence <p>Okinawa, Ryukyu Islands, Japan, 3– 55 m.</p> <p>Outside Japan. Torres Strait, North (Great Barrier Reef) and West Australia, Indonesia, Philippines. 0–17 m</p> Material Examined <p>USNM E 45992 1.3 km ENE of Maeki-Zaki, Seragaki Beach, Okinawa, Ryukyu Islands, Japan, 25.5067, 127.877. 55 m. Coll. R.F. Bolland, 30 April 1989. 1 dry spec. R=2.5 r=0.7.</p>Published as part of <i>Mah, Christopher L., Kogure, Yoichi, Fujita, Toshihiko & Higashiji, Takuo, 2024, New Taxa and Occurrences of Mesophotic and Deep-sea Goniasteridae (Valvatida, Asteroidea) from Okinawa and adjacent regions, pp. 1-41 in Zootaxa 5403 (1)</i> on page 11, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5403.1.1, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/10561570">http://zenodo.org/record/10561570</a>
The historical imagination of Christopher Dawson
No full textChristopher Dawson (1889-1970) was one of his generation's most
important historians and religious thinkers, and was a significant
influence on many contemporaries including T.S. Eliot, C.S. Lewis,
and Russell Kirk. This dissertation is a study of his most
fundamental ideas concerning history and culture.
Chapter one examines Dawson’s sociological view of history.
Convinced that history was more than a scientific enterprise, he
believed that the true historian is one who reaches beyond the
material world to understand the essence of history’s dynamics. In
this way, the world can be conceptualized as a united whole,
separated by regional differences as a result of environment, race,
material, psychological, and religious factors. Dawson believed
that the political histories of the past several centuries failed to
grasp the undercurrents of historical change, and that the best way
to understand the past is to appreciate culture as an expression of
primeval religious traditions.
Chapter two treats Dawson’s understanding of progress. Dawson
was convinced that progress had become the “working-religion” of our
age. This secular faith, founded on scientific rationalism, first
pledged to fix the material failures of Western culture, but
unwittingly eroded its faith in God, and eventually, its moral
fiber. Dawson believed that true progress was progress of the soul
in its ordering toward the Creator.
Chapter three is a study of Dawson’s Christian, and more
specifically, his Catholic beliefs. Informed by religion, his
historical and cultural visions are not dogmatic, nor are they
polemical. He conceived of history as the unfolding of a divine
economy in the temporal world. Although Dawson is a proponent of
Roman Catholicism, his scholarship is an objective treatment of
history shaped by an undisguised, Christian worldview.
Additionally, the appendix is an introduction to Dawson’s life
and the circumstances surrounding his conversion to Roman
Catholicism. Particular attention is paid to the development of his
moral and historical imagination — both of which became intertwined to
form the basis of all of his scholarship
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