1,721,101 research outputs found
Waste Energy Recovery and Valorization in Internal Combustion Engines for Transportation
Full text linkInternal Combustion Engines (ICE) are experiencing a transition era in which research and innovation are mainly pushed by environmental issues: emission reduction and fuel saving are indispensable requirements of the new technologies, otherwise the end of ICE is proposed in Europe. Modifications, in reality, are under discussion by 2026 but the environmental issues are anyway welcomed. In the transportation sector, today dominated by ICEs, it appears that the reduction in the propulsion power, hybridization at various degrees, and exhaust post-treatment improvements will guarantee technological solutions able to support the transition in the next couple of decades toward full electric propulsion. Waste Heat Recovery (WHR) is a very interesting opportunity since almost two-thirds of fuel energy is not converted into mechanically useful energy. Moreover, the integration with other thermal streams on board (cooling and lubricating mediums, EGR cooling) can add further value to the recovery opportunity as well as the concept of managing the engine thermal management which can produce a sensible contribution that is appreciated mainly during urban driving. A huge scientific effort is underway, and a great expectation is perceptible. More generally, the technological options that can achieve a reduction in overall fuel consumption and, thus, the improvement of global engine efficiency, are the most valuable when they can be introduced without massive changes to the engine layout. This happens in all the energy applications in which ICEs are involved since the recovery unit can be introduced in the exhaust line. The mechanical energy recovered can be easily transformed into electrical energy, so represents an interesting integration with the hybrid propulsion powertrains. In this paper, a review of the most important technologies referred to the WHR is presented, outlining advantages and drawbacks, and setting up the presently available technologies referred to the transportation sector
Oil thermal management during engine transients from a cold state
No full textThe paper presents an experimental activity aimed at assessing the influence of a faster warm-up of the lubricant oil in a F1C (3 L) turbodiesel engine used both for light and heavy duty applications. The engine is ran on a dynamometer test bench and transient homologation cycles have been implemented considering different initial oil conditions. Lubricant and cooling thermal dynamics have been evaluated and their mutual thermal interactions have been discussed. In particular, an initial hotter oil showed fuel consumption and CO2 emissions saving. Harmful substances (CO, HC, NOx, particulate matter) have been measured too, displaying significant reduction mainly due to the modified engine temperature dynamics
An analytical method for calculating the thermodynamic properties of working fluids based on a BWR-type equation of state. Part II: Theoretical considerations on the thermodynamic functions' derivatives
No full textAn analytical method for calculating the thermodynamic properties of working fluids based on a BWR-type equation of state. Part I: Analytical and logical development
No full textAn analytical method for calculating the thermodynamic properties of working fluids based on a BWR-type equation of state. Part III: Analysis of thermodynamic consistency
No full textAn Unsupervised Learning-Based Manoeuvre Detection Method for Resident Space Object Pattern of Life Characterisation
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