1,721,006 research outputs found
Larvicidal and repellent activity of the essential oil of Coriandrum sativum (Apiaceae) fruits against the filariasis vector Aedes albopictus Skuse (Diptera: Culicidae)
No full textThe essential oils of many Apiaceae species have been already studied for their insecticidal and repellent properties against insect pests. In this research, the essential oil (EO) extracted from the fruits of Coriandrum sativum L. (Apiaceae) was evaluated for the first time for its larvicidal and repellent activities against the most invasive mosquito worldwide, Aedes albopictus Skuse (Diptera: Culicidae).
The chemical composition of C. sativum EO was investigated by gas chromatography with electron impact mass spectrometry analysis. Coriander EO was mainly composed by monoterpene hydrocarbons and oxygenated monoterpenes, with linalool (83.6 %) as the major constituent. C. sativum EO exerted toxic activity against A. albopictus larvae: LC50 was 421 ppm, while LC90 was 531.7 ppm. Repellence trials highlighted that C. sativum EO was a good repellent against A. albopictus, also at lower dosages: RD50 was 0.0001565 μL/cm2 of skin, while RD90 was 0.002004 μL/cm2. At the highest dosage (0.2 μL/cm2 of skin), the protection time achieved with C. sativum essential oil was higher than 60 min. This study adds knowledge about the chemical composition of C. sativum EO as well as to the larvicidal and repellent activity exerted by this EO against A. albopictus. On this basis, we believe that our findings could be useful for the development of new and safer products against the Asian tiger mosquit
Therapeutic efficacy of linalool for the topical treatment of parasitic otitis caused by Psoroptes cuniculi in the rabbit and in the goat
No full textEssential oil content of the flowers of Pituranthos scoparius in Algeria
No full textThe essential oils obtained by hydrodistillation of the flowers of the Algerian Pituranthos scoparius (Coss. & Dur.)Benth.et Hook. (Apiaceae), an endemic species of North Africa, were analyzed by GC-MS. Thirty-one compounds were identified accounting for 99.3 % of the whole essential oil, mainly represented by monoterpenes, followed by phenylpropanoid derivatives. The main constituents of the essential oil were myristicin (24.1%), α-pinene (17.4%), α-phellandrene (15.6%) and sabinene (7.5%
Comparison between virgin olive oil and flavoured olive oil in terms of quality parameters, volatile compounds, and consumer preference
No full textAnalytical parameters, fatty acid composition, total phenols, pigments, volatiles compounds and hedonic characteristics were studied for unflavoured (EVOO) and flavoured (FOO) Chemlali olive oils. FOO were prepared by addition of commercial aromatic preparation of herbs, basil, thyme, rosemary and pizza, to Chemlali olive oil. The hedonic study was conducted to assess Tunisian consumers’ appreciation degree of FOO. The addition of commercial aromatic preparations caused an increase in the concentration of phenols only in two-FOO, the thyme and pizza-flavoured ones. The K270 value of FOO oil was higher than K270 value in EVOO. However, no modification on acidity, peroxide value, and K232 and in the oxidative stability was detected. As expected, the addition of aromatic solutions led to a remarkable modification in the aromatic composition of the olive oil. These changes appeared to be responsible for the large variability of consumers’ preference towards EVOO and FOO. However, it became clear that consumers preferred the FOO
Composizione dell'olio essenziale di due popolazioni di Teucrium flavum L. subsp. flavum raccolte su terreno calcareo (Caprione-Liguria Orientale) e su terreno ofiolitico (Colline Livornesi)
No full textSono stati esaminati gli oli essenziali di due popolazioni di Teucrium flavum L. subsp. flavum presenti su calcare sul promontorio del Caprione (Liguria orientale) e su ofioliti fra Nibbiaia e Gabbro (Colline Livornesi). Entrambi gli oli contengono numerosi monoterpeni (47,7% nell’olio ottenuto da piante raccolte su calcare e 61,2% nelle piante su ofioliti) e sesquiterpeni (42,6% su calcare e 22,7% delle piante su ofioliti
Evaluation of volatile constituents of Cochlospermum angolense
No full textThe chemical composition of the essential oils obtained from the leaves and roots of Cochlospermum angolense (Welw) growing wild in Angola was analyzed for the first time by capillary gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The investigation led to the identification of 67 and 130 compounds from the leaves and roots, respectively. Both oils were strongly characterized by the presence of sesquiterpenoids (68.8% in the leaves and 53.2% in the roots), while monoterpenoids were present in minor percentages (9.8% in the leaves and 26.2% in the root). The main constituents of the leaves were germacrene D (9.4%), a-cadinol (7.4%) and 10-epi-cubenol (6.2%), while the most abundant compounds in the root essential oil were the sesquiterpenes ß-caryophyllene (19.7%) and isoborneol (6.6%). The analysis by HS-SPME of the roots, leaves, fruits and seeds were also reported for the first time. Different volatile profiles were detected
Toxicity of some essential oil formulations against the Mediterranean fruit fly Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann) (Diptera Tephritidae)
No full textEssential oils (EOs) extracted from fresh leaves of rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.), lavender (Lavandula angustifolia Miller), chan (Hyptis suaveolens (L.) Poiteau (Lamiaceae) and arborvitae (Thuja occidentalis L. e Cupressaceae) were evaluated for their toxicity against adult Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann) (Diptera Tephritidae), a worldwide fruit pest. The chemical composition of the EOs was also investigated. T. occidentalis and H. suaveolens EOs were dominated by monoterpene hydrocarbons, followed by sesquiterpene hydrocarbons in H. suaveolens and oxygenated sesquiterpenes in T. occidentalis. Oxygenated monoterpenes were the main chemical class in R. officinalis and L. angustifolia EOs. In ingestion toxicity assays, T. occidentalis was the most toxic oil, with an LC50 of 5371 ppm. At the highest dose (2.5% w/v), no differences between the four EOs were observed in the ingestion toxicity assay. Topical applications revealed that all the EOs had a good insecticidal activity at 24 h. At 0.1 mL/fly, R. officinalis, L. angustifolia and T. occidentalis causedmortality rates higher than 70%. In fumigation trials, the essential oils of L. angustifolia and R. officinalis were the most toxic at 24 h, with CL50 of 9.09 and 16.73 mg/L air, respectively. Generally, all the EOs showed remarkable toxic effects against medfly adults, regardless of the bioassay used. The development of a technology that allows the incorporation of the EO in a food bait could provide an alternative method of C. capitata attract and kill field application
Evolution of volatile emission in Rhus coriaria organs during different stages of growth and evaluation of the essential oil composition
No full textRhus coriaria, also known as Sumac, has been traditionally used in many countries as spice, condiment, dying agent, and medicinal herb. The chemical composition of essential oils (EOs) and the volatile emissions from different organs of this species collected in Sicily (Italy) were analyzed by gas chromatography-flame ionization detection and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. Monoterpene and sesquiterpene hydrocarbons were the most abundant class in the volatile emissions with β-caryophyllene and α-pinene were the main constituents in the majority of the examined samples. The EO composition was characterized by high amount of monoterpene and sesquiterpene hydrocarbons together with diterpenes. The main compounds in the EO obtained from the leaves and both stages of fruit maturation were cembrene and β-caryophyllene, while α-pinene and tridecanoic acid were the key compounds in the flower EO. All the data were submitted to multivariate statistical analysis showing many differences among the different plant parts and their ontogenetic stages
Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench. and Abelmoschus moschatus Medik: seeds production and analysis of the volatile compounds.
No full textNine accessions of Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench. and three of Abelmoschus moschatus Medik were both grown in Central Italy for the evaluation of the production of seeds. Furthermore, the volatiles emitted by the mature seeds were sampled by mean of SPME. Seventy compounds were detected in the headspace of the seeds of A. esculentus. The principal constituents common to all the nine accessions were
isopentyl 2-methyl butanoate (24.5–59.1%) and heptanoic acid 2-methylbutyl ester (6.6–13.5%). In the headspace around the seeds of A. moschatus 93 components were detected. Among the main volatiles shared by the three accessions, n-tridecane (1.5–26.9%), isopentyl 2-methyl butanoate (0.2–14.3%) and decanal (1.6–5.7%) should be mentioned. Many differences were present in the volatiles emitted by the various accessions and between the two Abelmoschus specie
Essential oil from Tunisian Lamiaceae as crop germination inhibitors
No full textThe essential oil obtained from rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) and pennyroyal (Mentha pulegium L.) have been analyzed by GCMS and tested for their allelopathic properties on the seed of two crops (Raphanus sativus L. and Lactuca sativa L.), with the aim to evaluate in vitro their potential as germination inhibitors. The essential oil composition varied with the species, 1,8-cineole (26%) and camphor (23%) being the main constituents of rosemary and pulegone (45%) that of mint. This latest essential oil inhibited completely the germination of crops. The oil of rosemary inhibited completely the germination of Lactuca and showed for Raphanus germination values that were not significantly different from the contro
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