1,355,266 research outputs found
Bioeconomía: el gatopardismo verde del capitalismo global.
No full textMargherita Ciervo holds a PhD in Economic Geography from the University of Bari and is Professor at the Department of Economics, Management and Territory at the University of Foggia (Italy). He is one of the founders of the Interdisciplinary
Observatory of the Bioeconomy, a critical think tank that has carried out several initiatives on the subject under the patronage of the Italian Geographical Society of Rome. In her academic career, she has managed to identify the narrative and ideological levers used by multilateral organizations to distort the original meanings of the bioeconomy, proposed by Georgescu-Roegen in the 1970s, and to propose it as a possible and desirable development strategy. Interviewed by Diego Taraborrelli, Ciervo reviews the different meanings of the concept, distinguishing economic theory from operational strategy. In these terms, she provides a critical analysis of the European Union's bioeconomy strategy, explaining its socio-political, economic and environmental consequences. She also raises a series of questions, read in a political key, that are fundamental for the debate on development in the 21st century, linked to the role of intellectuals and the scientific community, technology and digitalization in productive processes, and the effects on territory and geographical space.Margherita Ciervo es doctora en Geografía Económica por la Universidad de Bari y Profesora en el Departamento de Economía, Management y Territorio de la Universidad de Foggia (Italia). Es uno de los fundadores del Observatorio
Interdisciplinario de la Bioeconomía, una usina de pensamiento crítico que ha llevado a cabo diversas iniciativas sobre el tema con el patrocinio de la Sociedad Geográfica Italiana de Roma. En su trayectoria académica ha logrado identificar los resortes narrativos e ideológicos que utilizan los organismos multilaterales para tergiversar los sentidos originales de la Bioeconomía, planteados por Georgescu-Roegen en la década de 1970, y proponerla como una estrategia de desarrollo posible y deseable. Entrevistada por Diego Taraborrelli, la doctora Ciervo revisa las distintas acepciones del concepto, distinguiendo la teoría económica de la estrategia operativa. En esos términos despliega un análisis crítico de la estrategia de bioeconomía de la Unión Europea, exponiendo sus consecuencias sociopolíticas, económicas y ambientales.
También plantea una serie de cuestiones, leídas en clave política, fundamentales para el debate sobre el desarrollo en el siglo XXI vinculadas al papel de los intelectuales y de la comunidad científica, la tecnología y la digitalización en los procesos productivos, y los efectos sobre el territorio y el espacio geográfico
Riflessioni intorno alla Bioeconomia e alla sostenibilità
No full textThe Bioeconomics call into question the human-nature relationship. The
spread of the Cartesian paradigm in Europe marks the transition from a
symbiotic relationship to a situation of alienation and fracture that naturalizes
the grabbing and manipulation of nature by man as a ‘normal’ way of relating to
it. This situation worsened starting from the Industrial Revolution, due to a
growing and large-scale consumption of matter and energy. This last becomes
exponential after the Second World War and then due to globalization and
subsequent financialisation. This has affected the vital matrices exceeding their
ability to regenerate and degrading them in an irreversible way with very negative
effects on both the ecosystem and social level. Therefore, any real reasoning
about sustainability should start from the ‘recomposition’ of the human-nature
relationship and the deconstruction of the collective imagination based on
sustainable development (now at the base of the 2030 Agenda) as an abstract
concept and an illusory construct. In this regard, we propose a new
representation of the relations between nature, society and economy and call for
the recovery of the ‘principle of reality’, that means the recognition of the
primacy of reality over its simplification through analytical models, as well as the
fact that economic processes, affecting the physical world, are subject to its laws.
The ‘principle of reality’ - already on the basis of the path that led GeorgescuRoegen to theorize the bioeconomics - becomes indispensable for the
construction of virtuous relationships between the constituent components of
the territory and of an economy aimed primarily at the needs of the community
that inhabits the territory
Buen Vivir e Bioeconomia: la cura e il godimento della vita. Alcune riflessioni partendo dalle esperienze in Abya Yala
No full textThe original peoples of Abya Yala – guardians of spiritual, pedagogical, economic and social practices based on harmonious relationships between human beings and nature – take care of the Earth. Today, as in the past, the
‘languages, times and places’ of the ancestral memory of caring and respectful coexistence with nature permeate the practices of everyday life. The ‘Sumak Kawsay’ (Sumak: fullness, sublimation, beauty, elevation; Kawsay: life, ‘to bestanding’), translated as Buen Vivir, refers to ‘harmonious relations with the whole, the universe, all living beings and spiritual entities that make it up’ where ‘the whole’ represents the essence and spirit of what science calls ‘man-nature
relationship’. The Buen Vivir, therefore, represents the concrete expression of the ecological and community paradigm that contains many of the essential features of the bioeconomics theorized by Nicholas Georgescu-Roegen: from a
society and an economy in harmony with life and the laws of nature, to the care and ‘enjoyment of life’ as the ultimate goal of the economic process and human actions. The Buen Vivir is a concrete experience of social well-being detached
from economic growth and the connected development model, which are the cause of the ecological crisis, social injustices and territorial conflicts. In this paper, based on an interdisciplinary and ‘interepistemic’ collaboration, the Buen
Vivir is presented and some reflections are proposed in the light of the Georgescu-Roegen’s Bioeconomics
Puglia: un territorio ostaggio delle contraddizioni istituzionali
No full textLa Regione Puglia da un lato attesta che gli ulivi disseccati – anche in presenza di Xylella fastidiosa (Xf) – possono riprendere a vegetare grazie alle “buone pratiche agronomiche” (Regione Puglia, 2022a), dall’altro continua a imporre misure di lotta a Xf che, in disapplicazione dell’approccio ecosistemico su base scientifica e della Convenzione sulla Diversità biologica (Ciervo, 2021), generano distruzione del paesaggio, dell’ambiente e del territorio, ovvero: abbattimenti, anche di ulivi monumentali censiti e in pieno stato produttivo; avvelenamento delle matrici vitali a causa del trattamento obbligatorio con insetticidi (anche neurotossici); finanziamento dei reimpianti di varietà non autoctone e brevettate (Leccino e Favolosa), adatte al sistema intensivo e superintensivo, classificati dal Ministero dell’Ambiente come “sussidio ambientalmente dannoso”1 (SAD)
I diritti sociali degli immigrati
No full textL’immigrazione costituisce oggi un terreno centrale di emersione di lotte per i diritti, di rimessa in discussione di strategie del loro riconoscimento, ma anche di ripensamento ed attualizzazione dei loro contenuti. Il rapporto tra immigrazione e diritti sociali, inoltre, si rivela un tema centrale nelle dinamiche dell’Anti-discrimination law all’interno dello spazio europeo , un importante punto di osservazione delle dinamiche in materia di eguaglianza, diritti e dignità, oltre che un accurato misuratore dei conflitti riguardanti i processi di inclusione sociale, le trasformazioni e le crisi dello stato sociale di diritto.
scopo di questo lavoro è indagare le dinamiche di inclusione ed esclusione sociale che si muovono dietro alla trama dei rapporti tra immigrazione e diritti. Più che abbozzare nuove cartografie dei diritti sociali riconosciuti in Italia agli immigrati , ci proponiamo di analizzare una serie di controversie in materia che, a nostro avviso, assumono una valenza paradigmatica della dinamicità, della complessità e della conflittualità che innervano i rapporti tra immigrazione e diritti sociali e, al contempo, della loro capacità di evidenziare come tali questioni oramai non riguardano soltanto gli immigrati, ma interessano piuttosto un più generale processo in atto di riscrittura delle politiche di inclusione sociale e di cittadinanzaImmigration is now a middle ground of emergence of the struggles for the rights of questioning strategies of their recognition, but also rethinking and updating their content. The relationship between immigration and social rights, also proves to be a central theme in the dynamics of the Anti-discrimination law in the European area, an important point of observation of the dynamics in terms of equality, rights and dignity, as well as an accurate meter of conflicts concerning processes of social inclusion, the transformations and the crisis of the social state of law. aim of this work is to investigate the dynamics of social inclusion and exclusion that move behind the plot of the relationship between immigration and rights. Rather than draw new maps of social rights for immigrants in Italy, we aim to analyze a series of disputes which, in our opinion, are of key importance paradigmatic of the dynamism, complexity and conflict that innervate the relationship between immigration and rights social and, at the same time, their ability to highlight how these issues now concern not only immigrants, but rather a more general interest to the ongoing process of rewriting the policies of social inclusion and citizenshi
Agriculture et territoire: la xylella fastidiosa dans les Pouilles
No full textLes Pouilles, terre des oliviers séculaires, est la première région italienne pour la production
d’huile d’olive. Durant les dernières années, le sud a été affecté par la bactérie de
quarantaine xylella fastidiosa (xf) qui, trouvée sur les oliviers avec d’autres pathogènes, peut
causer le desséchement. Le gouvernement régional a déclaré la situation d’urgence par loi
mais sans aucune preuve scientifique et selon un processus plein d’ombres et
contradictions, caractérisé par des court-circuits entre science, information et politique
(Ciervo, 2015). Ainsi, la Région et le gouvernement national ont établi un plan de lutte qui
prévoirait l’abattage des arbres (infectées et non infectées), une très large utilisation des
pesticides et l’interdiction de replanter les plantes « hôtes » de xf. Ces mesures, acceptées
et renforcées par la Commission Européenne produiraient, si appliquées, des effets
irréversibles sur le paysage, l’écosystème, l’économie locale et la santé. Ce plan a été
combattu par une large mobilisation populaire et a, finalement, été stoppé par la Justice.
Remarquons cependant que la diffusion de xf n’est pas uniforme. Il y a des différences
significatives entre les terrains abandonnés, traités avec les pesticides, soignés avec la lutte
intégrée, ou dirigés selon les critères organiques. Quant à la mobilisation populaire,
signalons le rôle très important joué par les agriculteurs. Par une approche inductive, nous
explorons la relation entre agriculture et territoire et nous essayons de répondre aux
questions suivantes : a) Peut-on établir une corrélation entre chaque mode agricole et la diffusion de la pathologie et, donc, la relation entre le mode d’utilisation de la terre, la santé des arbres et la diffusion de xf ?
b) Aujourd’hui, l’agriculture est-elle une menace où une sauvegarde pour le territoire ?
c) Qu’est-ce cette étude de cas peut nous apprendre sur la gouvernance des campagnes
Water and common goods : community management as a possible alternative to the public-private model
No full textIn this paper we demonstrate that in economic systems characterised by social structures founded on reciprocal trust and interpersonal relations, water is a common good. In order to verify this, we refer to an economy of reciprocity practiced by some indigenous communities of the Bolivian Andes. We compare water management in these communities with another case of collective provision of water services now present and functioning in some areas of the Italian Alps and Apennines. In the examined case studies, we find that any kind of water property regime other than that the indigenous communities practice represents not only an inefficient system of management of the resource but also a reduction in relational goods. In both cases, water is a resource to exploit, and also a means to strengthen the interpersonal relations and the identity of the community
UE Biobased Policy: A Critical Economic-Geographical Point of View
No full textWe propose a brief analysis of the “Innovating
for Sustainable Growth: A Bioeconomy for Europe” by
the European Commission. With this aim, we have used
a multiscalar and inductive methodology, a critical,
paradigmatic and deconstructionist approach. Special
attention is given to the language because it influences the
individual’s perceptions and the collective imagination
that is the base of ideas, decisions and actions. The main
results concern the conceptual and ideological matrix, the
population-resource relation and the participation process.
We argue that the technocentric and anthropocentric
approaches as well as the neoliberal vision are all the same
in regards to both the old “fossil” economy and the most
recent bioenergy sector’s development. The latter could
offer important lessons to avoid errors, contradictions
and paradoxes. In addition, the asymmetry regarding
the distribution of biomass and advanced level of
techno-knowledge could lead to new forms of ecological
exploitation, economic domination and power relations
on the different levels of spatial scale. This could put in
to question the territorial sovereignty. Finally, the EU
bioeconomy model cannot be considered an economic
revolution because it is focused on the supply side in
support of market demand and economic growth, without
taking into account the production model and scale. So,
it simply appears as one of many steps of the “industrial
revolution”: from fossil sources to biobased ones. For this
reason, it is very important to make the choice process a
democratic one, bringing in the Member State Parliaments
on the discussion on the UE biobased policy, as well as
opening a broad public debate about the prospects and
effects of this choice. In regard to this, the paper could be of
interest because it aspires to assume and motivate a more
systemic prospective in evaluations and policy decisions
- …
