196,167 research outputs found
Head movements modulate visual responsiveness in the absence of gaze shifts
No full textVisuospatial attention is strongly associated with saccades. Given that gaze shifts are often accomplished by combined eye-head movements, attention may also be coupled to head movements. We showed that simply turning the head without shifting the gaze is sufficient to cause a transient unbalance in responding to a visual stimulus. Manual responses to a stimulus flashed shortly before the onset of a horizontal head movement were faster in congruent trials, when the head moved towards the stimulus, than in incongruent trials, when the head moved away from the stimulus. These effects are similar to those observed for saccades. We take this as evidence for a tight link between visuospatial attention and head movements, even when the gaze does not shift. © 2008 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Inc
Spatial maps for time and motion
No full textIn this article, we review recent research studying the mechanisms for transforming coordinate systems to encode space, time and motion. A range of studies using functional imaging and psychophysical techniques reveals mechanisms in the human brain for encoding information in external rather than retinal coordinates. This reinforces the idea of a tight relationship between space and time, in the parietal cortex of primates
"Non-retinotopic processing" in Ternus motion displays modeled by spatiotemporal filters
No full textRecently, M. Boi, H. Ogmen, J. Krummenacher, T. U. Otto, & M. H. Herzog (2009) reported a fascinating visual effect, where the direction of apparent motion was disambiguated by cues along the path of apparent motion, the Ternus–Pikler group motion, even though no actual movement occurs in this stimulus. They referred to their study as a “litmus test” to distinguish “non-retinotopic” (motion-based) from “retinotopic” (retina-based) image processing. We adapted the test to one with simple grating stimuli that could be more readily modeled and replicated their psychophysical results quantitatively with this stimulus. We then modeled our experiments in 3D (x, y, t) Fourier space and demonstrated that the observed perceptual effects are readily accounted for by integration of information within a detector that is oriented in space and time, in a similar way to previous explanations of other motion illusions. This demonstration brings the study of Boi et al. into the more general context of perception of moving objects
Inhibition of MMH (Met Murine Hepatocyte) cell differentiation by TGFbeta is abrogated by pre-treatment with the heritable differentiation effector FGF1
No full textMMH (Met murine hepatocyte) liver cells derived from transgenic mice expressing a truncated constitutively active form of human c-Met are non-transformed immortalized cell lines. We have previously shown that they harbor: (1) epithelial cells that express the liver-enriched transcription factors HNF4 and HNF1 alpha, and that can be stably induced by FGF1 to express liver functions, and (2) fibroblast-like bi-potential palmate cells that can differentiate into bile duct-like structures in Matrigel cultures, or into epithelial cells competent to express hepatic functions. Low concentrations of TGF beta have been found to inhibit growth and differentiation of MMH cells. The factor stabilized the palmate cell phenotype, and it provoked epithelial cells to acquire palmate-like morphological characteristics, in parallel with down-regulation of expression of HNF4 and HNF1 alpha and activation of Snail transcripts. The effects of TGF beta were dominant if it was added with FGF1, but the effects on differentiation were abrogated if cells had been pre-treated with FGF1, This work identifies TGF beta as a factor that could be implicated in maintaining bi-potential precursor cells in the liver, FGF1 as one that could override the TGF beta effects and Snail as a candidate for mediation of the signal
La peine de mort et l'École positive italienne (XIXe-XXe siècle)
No full textL'étude entend illustrer la position de Cesare Lombroso, Raffaele Garofalo et Enrico Ferri sur la peine de mort, considérée comme un instrument d'élimination des "inaptes"
Alle origini del Traité de droit pénal di Pellegrino Rossi: le radici intellettuali di un’opera europea nel laboratorio ginevrino
No full textObiettivo del presente saggio è di tracciare un primo percorso di studio con lo scopo di fare il punto, in maniera più organica, sull’elaborazione del Traité de droit pénal di Pellegrino Rossi, sulle qualità dell’opera e sulla sua “fortuna” nel corso del XIX e XX secolo. Per fare questo è bene cominciare da ciò che sta “prima” della pubblicazione del Traité e quindi dal peculiare “laboratorio” ginevrino a partire dal 1815. Senza gli anni trascorsi nella città-stato ritengo che difficilmente Rossi avrebbe scritto il trattato e, certamente, non nella forma e con le caratteristiche che conosciamo. E’ a Ginevra – grazie anche al suo straordinario milieu culturale - che Rossi diventa un giurista di rinomanza europea. Qui matura, a ben vedere, le idee cardine e accumula il “materiale” che poi alimenterà anche il suo periodo francese, pur in un contesto ben diverso
“Molecular Mechanisms Controlling EMT/MET Oscillation during Hepatic Stem Renewal and Differentiation”
No full textFoucault et l’historiographie italienne de la criminalité et de la justice
No full textL'articolo presenta una riflessione sulle linee interpretative della storiografia italiana sul tema della pratica della giustizia penale e del ruolo culturale delle intuizioni fucoldiane
"MOLECULAR MECHANISM CONTROLLING EMT/MET OSCILLATIONS AND HEPATOCYTE DIFFERENTIATION OF RESIDENT LIVER STEM CELLS (RLSCS)".
No full textSelected presentation from submitted (poster) abstracts
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